Proto-Zanahic: Difference between revisions
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| Line 440: | Line 440: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 30 | ! 30 | ||
| colspan="3"| * | | colspan="3"| *trīcont | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 40 | ! 40 | ||
| colspan="3"| * | | colspan="3"| *ketwarcont | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 50 | ! 50 | ||
| colspan="3"| * | | colspan="3"| *penkēcont | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 60 | ! 60 | ||
| colspan="3"| | | colspan="3"| *šecēšcont | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 70 | ! 70 | ||
| colspan=" | | colspan="3"| *heptm̥̄cont | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 80 | ! 80 | ||
| colspan=" | | colspan="3"| *ʔoctōcont | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 90 | ! 90 | ||
| colspan=" | | colspan="3"| *newn̥̄cont | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 100 | ! 100 | ||
| colspan="3"| *cn̥tom | | colspan="3"| *cn̥tom | ||
Revision as of 03:20, 7 February 2024
Introduction
Proto-Zanahic is the reconstructed ancestor of Zanahi and other Zanahic languages.
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | *m /m/ | *n /n/ | ||||
| Stop | voiceless | *p /p/ | *t /t/ | *k /k/ | *ʔ /ʔ/ | |
| voiced | *b /b/ | *d /d/ | *g /ɡ/ | |||
| ejective | *ṗ /pʼ/ | *ṭ /tʼ/ | *ḳ /kʼ/ | |||
| Affricate | voiceless | *c /ts/ | ||||
| voiced | *z /dz/ | |||||
| ejective | *ṣ /tsʼ/ | |||||
| Fricative | *s /s/ | *š /ɕ/ | *h /h/ | |||
| Trill | *r /r/ | |||||
| Approximant | *l /l/ | *y /j/ | *w /w/ | |||
Vowels and Syllabics
| Short | Long | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Front | Back | Front | Back | |
| Close | *i /i/ | *u /u/ | *ī /iː/ | *ū /uː/ |
| Mid | *e /ɛ/ | *ē /ɛː/ | ||
| Open | *a /a/ | *o /ɒ/ | *ā /aː/ | *ō /ɒː/ |
| Short | Long | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| /i/ | /u/ | /i/ | /u/ | |
| /ɛ/ | *ey /ɛi/ | *ew /ɛu/ | *ēy /ɛːi/ | *ēw /ɛːu/ |
| /a/ | *ay /ai/ | *aw /au/ | *āy /aːi/ | *āw /aːu/ |
| /ɒ/ | *oy /ɒi/ | *ow /ɒu/ | *ōy /ɒːi/ | *ōw /ɒːu/ |
| Consonant | Short | Long |
|---|---|---|
| /m/ | *m̥ /m̩/ | *m̥̄ /m̩ː/ |
| /n/ | *n̥ /n̩/ | *n̥̄ /n̩ː/ |
| /r/ | *r̥ /r̩/ | *r̥̄ /r̩ː/ |
| /l/ | *l̥ /l̩/ | *l̥̄ /l̩ː/ |
Note that *i and *u (and their long forms *ī and *ū) are considered the syllabic counterparts of *y and *w respectively.
Orthography
Prosody
Stress
Intonation
Phonotactics
Morphophonology
Morphology
(IN PROGRESS)
Nominals
Pronouns
Personal pronouns
Demonstrative pronouns
.
Numerals
| Symbol | Cardinal number | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| masc. | fem. | neuter | |
| 1 | *ʔoynoh | *ʔoynā | *ʔoynom |
| 2 | *ṭuwō | *ṭuwāi | *ṭuwō |
| 3 | *treyeh | *treyeh | *treyā |
| 4 | *ketureh | *ketureh | *keturā |
| 5 | *penke | ||
| 6 | *šecš | ||
| 7 | *heptm̥ | ||
| 8 | *ʔoctō | ||
| 9 | *newn̥ | ||
| 10 | *ṭecm̥ | ||
| 20 | *wīcn̥ti | ||
| 30 | *trīcont | ||
| 40 | *ketwarcont | ||
| 50 | *penkēcont | ||
| 60 | *šecēšcont | ||
| 70 | *heptm̥̄cont | ||
| 80 | *ʔoctōcont | ||
| 90 | *newn̥̄cont | ||
| 100 | *cn̥tom | ||