Voltch: Difference between revisions

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|-
|-
| '''cg'''
| '''cg'''
| {{IPA|/dʒ/}} || {{IPA|/tʃ/}} || Treated as a double consonant in terms of checking syllables  
| {{IPA|/dʒ/}} || {{IPA|/tʃ/}} || Treated as a double consonant in terms of checking syllables.
|-
|-
<!--
<!--
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<!--| '''gj'''
<!--| '''gj'''
| {{IPA|/ɟ/}} || {{IPA|/c/}} ||
| {{IPA|/ɟ/}} || {{IPA|/c/}} ||
|-->
|-
| '''gh'''
| '''gh'''
| {{IPA|/ɣ/}} || {{IPA|/x/}} ||  
| {{IPA|/ɣ/}} || {{IPA|/x/}} ||  
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| colspan="2" | {{IPA|/p/}} ||
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|/p/}} ||
|-
|-
<!--
| '''q'''
| '''q'''
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|/k/}} || In loanwords
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|/k/}} || In loanwords
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| '''qu'''
| '''qu'''
| {{IPA|/kv/}} || &mdash; || In loanwords
| {{IPA|/kv/}} || &mdash; || In loanwords
|-
|-->
| '''r'''
| '''r'''
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|/r/}} ||
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|/r/}} ||
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|-
|-
| '''sc'''
| '''sc'''
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|/ʃ/}} ||  
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|/ʃ/}} || Treated as a double consonant in terms of checking syllables.
|-
|-
<!--| '''sch'''
<!--| '''sch'''
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| {{IPA|/v/}} || {{IPA|/f/}} ||
| {{IPA|/v/}} || {{IPA|/f/}} ||
|-
|-
<!--
| '''x'''
| '''x'''
| colspan="2"| {{IPA|/ks/}} || In loanwords
| colspan="2"| {{IPA|/ks/}} || In loanwords
|-
|-->
| '''z'''
| '''z'''
| {{IPA|/z/}} || &mdash; ||
| {{IPA|/z/}} || &mdash; ||
|-
|-
| '''zj'''
| '''zc'''
| {{IPA|/ʒ/}} || &mdash; || In loanwords
| {{IPA|/ʒ/}} || &mdash; || Treated as a double consonant in terms of checking syllables.
|-
|-
|-
|}
|}
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| colspan="2" | {{IPA|/iː/}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|/iː/}}
|-
|-
<!--
| '''eu'''
| '''eu'''
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|/øː/}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|/yː/}}
|-
|-->
| '''i, y'''
| '''i, y'''
| {{IPA|/ɪ/}}, {{IPA|/ə/}}<ref name="unstressed"/> || —
| {{IPA|/ɪ/}}, {{IPA|/ə/}}<ref name="unstressed"/> || —
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| {{IPA|/ʊ/}} || {{IPA|/uː/}}
| {{IPA|/ʊ/}} || {{IPA|/uː/}}
|-
|-
| '''uo'''
| '''ue'''
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|/uə̯/}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|/uə̯/}}
|-
|-
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| '''ü'''
| '''ü'''
| {{IPA|/ʏ/}} || {{IPA|/yː/}}
| {{IPA|/ʏ/}} || {{IPA|/yː/}}
|-
| '''üe'''
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|/yə̯/}}
|-
|-
| '''üü'''
| '''üü'''

Revision as of 03:02, 29 May 2024

Voltch (native: voalc /vo̯altʃ/) is an Anglic language descended from Old English.

Voltch
voalc
Pronunciation[vo̯aɫtʃ]
Created byShariifka
Early forms

Introduction

Etymology

From Old English folcisċ "vernacular language".

Phonology

Orthography

Consonants
spelling IPA Remarks
normally final
b /b/ /p/
ch /x/
c /tʃ/
cg /dʒ/ /tʃ/ Treated as a double consonant in terms of checking syllables.
d /d/ /t/
f /f/
g /ɡ/ /k/
h /ɦ/ —
j /j/ —
k /k/
l /l/ Pronounced dark/velarized ([ɫ]) word-finally and before consonants.
lj /ʎ/
m /m/
n /n/ Assimilates place of articulation with following consonant.
nj /ɲ/
ng /ŋ/
p /p/
r /r/
s /s/
sc /ʃ/ Treated as a double consonant in terms of checking syllables.
t /t/
v /v/ —
w /v/ /f/
z /z/ —
zc /ʒ/ — Treated as a double consonant in terms of checking syllables.
Vowels and diphthongs
spelling IPA
checked free
a /ɑ/ /aː/
aa /aː/ —
ä /æ/ /ɛː/
ää /ɛː/ —
aai /aːi̯/
aau /aːu̯/
ai /ɑi̯/
au /ɑu̯/
e /ɛ/, /ə/[1] /e(ː)/, /ə/[1]
ea /e̯a/
ee /eː/
eei /eːi̯/
eeu /eːu̯/
ei /iː/
i, y /ɪ/, /ə/[1] —
ie /iə̯/
ij /ɪi̯~ei̯/
iu /ɪʊ̯/
o /ɔ/ /oː/
oa /o̯a/
oi /ɔi̯/
oo /oː/ —
ooi /oːi̯/
oou /oːu̯/
ou /uː/
ö /œ/ /øː/
öa /ø̯a/
öö /øː/
öü /yː/
u /ʊ/ /uː/
ue /uə̯/
ui /ʊɪ̯/
uu /ʊu̯~ou̯/
ü /ʏ/ /yː/
üe /yə̯/
üü /ʏy̆~øy̆/
Alphabet
Letter Name IPA
A a a [ʔaː]
B b be [beː]
C c ce [tʃʰeː]
D d de [deː]
E e e [ʔeː]
F f ef [ʔɛf]
G g ge [ɡeː]
H h ha [ɦaː]
I i ij [ʔɪi̯]
Letter Name IPA
J j jot [jɔtʰ]
K k ka [kʰaː]
L l el [ʔɛɫ]
M m em [ʔɛm]
N n en [ʔɛn]
O o o [ʔoː]
P p pe [pʰeː]
Q q kuu [kʰʊu̯]
R r er [ʔɛɾ]
Letter Name IPA
S s es [ʔɛs]
T t te [tʰeː]
U u uu [ʔʊu̯]
V v ve [veː]
W w dobbel ve [ˈdɔbəɫ veː]
X x iks [ʔɪks]
Y y ɡreike ij [ˈɡɾiːkə ʔɪi̯]
(IJ ij) longe ij [ˈlɔŋə ʔɪi̯]
Z z zet [zɛtʰ]

Consonants

Vowels

Historical phonology

Old English Environment Voltch Remarks
Vowels
a lengthened a (long), aa
unstressed e (schwa)
otherwise a (short)
ā everywhere uo
æ, ea lengthened ä (long), ää
otherwise ä (short)
ǣ, ēa everywhere ie
e lengthened ea
unstressed e (schwa)
otherwise e (short)
ē everywhere ei
eo lengthened öa
otherwise ö
ēo everywhere öü
i, ie lengthened e (long), ee
otherwise i
ī, īe everywhere ij
o lengthened oa
unstressed e (schwa)
otherwise o (short)
ō everywhere ou
u lengthened o (long), oo
otherwise u
ū everywhere uu
y lengthened ö (long), öö
otherwise ü
ȳ everywhere üü
Consonants
b b
c k
ċ c
d d
f unvoiced f
voiced v voiced word-initially and between vowels
g g, ∅
ġ j
h h, ch
l l
m m
n n
p p
r r
s s, z
t t
w w, ∅

Morphology

Pronouns

Personal pronouns

Numerals

Number Cardinal Ordinal
0 nocht nochtede
1 uon ierste
2 twuo twuode
3 dröü dridde
4 vöür vöürde
5 vijf vijfte
6 zechs zechste
7 zöaven zöavede
8 ächt ächtede
9 nijn nijde
10 tein töüde
11 ellöaven ellöavede
12 twealf twealfte
13 dröütein dröütöüde
14 vöürtein vöürtöüde
15 vijftein vijftöüde
16 zechstein zechstöüde
17 zöaventein zöaventöüde
18 ächtein ächtöüde
19 nijntein nijntöüde
20 tweintij tweintijde
30 drijtij drijtijde
40 vöürtij vöürtijde
50 vijftij vijftijde
60 zechstij zechstijde
70 zöaventij zöaventijde
80 ächtij ächtijde
90 nijntij nijntijde
100 hundred
1000 duuzend

Nouns

Adjectives

Verbs

Syntax

Vocabulary

Time - tijd

Example texts

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Article 1)

  1. ^ a b c ⟨e⟩ and ⟨i⟩, when unstressed, are sometimes pronounced /ə/.
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