Zēsti: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox language | {{Infobox language | ||
| image = [[File:Zesti-speaker.jpeg|200px]] | |||
| imagecaption = A native Zēsti speaker. | |||
| name = Zēsti | | name = Zēsti | ||
| altname = Rizzish | | altname = Rizzish | ||
Line 11: | Line 12: | ||
| posteriori = [[w:Spanish language|Spanish]], [[w:French language|French]], [[w:Italian language|Italian]], [[w:Greek language|Greek]] | | posteriori = [[w:Spanish language|Spanish]], [[w:French language|French]], [[w:Italian language|Italian]], [[w:Greek language|Greek]] | ||
| familycolor = Indo-European | | familycolor = Indo-European | ||
| fam2 = Italic | | fam2 = Italic | ||
| fam3 = Latino-Faliscan | | fam3 = Latino-Faliscan | ||
Line 24: | Line 24: | ||
| notice = IPA | | notice = IPA | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Zēsti'''(''Ζήστι'', | '''Zēsti'''(''Ζήστι'' or ''Zḗsti'', <small>Zēsti:</small> [[Help:IPA|<nowiki>[ˈzɛːˌsti]</nowiki>]]), a.k.a '''Rizzish'''(''Ρίζι'') is a Romance '''jokelang''' made to be as zesty as possible. | ||
It uses the Greek alphabet, which I personally consider the zestiest script of all time. | It uses the Greek alphabet, which I personally consider the zestiest script of all time. | ||
A signed version of Zēsti also exists, called Unspoken Rizz('' | A signed version of Zēsti also exists, called Unspoken Rizz(''ρίζιε τασίτε''). | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
===Orthography=== | ===Orthography=== | ||
Zēsti | The Zēsti alphabet is identical to the Greek alphabet, although pronunciation differs. For example, ⟨Χχ⟩(chi) is pronounced [ˈt͡ʃi], although the modern Greek pronunciation would be [ˈxi]. | ||
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|+ Zēsti alphabet | |||
|- | |||
! Alphabet | |||
| Aα || Ββ || Γγ || Δδ || Εε || Ζζ || Ηη || Θθ || Ιι || Κκ || Λλ || Μμ || Νν || Ξξ || Οο || Ππ || Ρρ || Σσς || Ττ || Υυ || Χχ || Φφ || Ψψ || Ωω | |||
|- | |||
! Romanisation | |||
| Aa || Bb || Gg || Dd || Ee || Zz || Ēē || Ðð || Ii || Kk || Ll || Mm || Nn || Xx || Oo || Pp || Rr || Ss || Tt || Uu || Çç || Ff || Psps || Õõ | |||
|- | |||
! IPA | |||
| a || bʱ || gʱ || dʱ || ε || z || e || θ || i || kʰ || l || m || n || t͡s || ɔ || p || r || s || tʰ || u || t͡ʃ || f || ps || o | |||
|} | |||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
All | All plosives in Zēsti are aspirated depending on whether they are voiced or not, e.g. /tʰ/(unvoiced) or /dʱ/(voiced). | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | |||
! | |||
! colspan="2" | [[w:Labial consonant|Labial]] | |||
! colspan="2" | [[w:Dental consonant|Dental]] | |||
! colspan="2" | [[w:Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]] | |||
! colspan="2" | [[w:Postalveolar consonant|Post-<br>alveolar]]/<br>[[w:Palatal consonant|palatal]] | |||
! colspan="2" | [[w:Velar consonant|Velar]] | |||
! colspan="2" | [[w:Glottal consonant|Glottal]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Nasal consonant|Nasal]] | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced bilabial nasal|m]] | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar nasal|n]] | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | ([[w:Voiced palatal nasal|ɲ]]) | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | ([[w:Voiced velar nasal|ŋ]]) | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:stop consonant|Stop]] | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless bilabial stop|pʰ]] || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced bilabial stop|bʱ]] | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless alveolar stop|tʰ]] || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar stop|dʱ]] | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless velar stop|kʰ]] || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced velar stop|ɡʱ]] | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Affricate consonant|Affricate]] | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless alveolar sibilant affricate|t͡s]] || style="border-left: 0;" | | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless palato-alveolar affricate|t͡ʃ]] || style="border-left: 0;" | | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:fricative consonant|Fricative]] | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless labiodental fricative|f]] || style="border-left: 0;" | | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless dental fricative|θ]] || style="border-left: 0;" | | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless alveolar sibilant|s]] || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar sibilant|z]] | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | ([[w:Voiceless palato-alveolar fricative|ʃ]]) || style="border-left: 0;" | | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | ([[w:Voiced glottal fricative|ɦ]]) | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Lateral consonant|Lateral]] | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar lateral approximant|l]] | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Trill consonant|Trill]] | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar trill|r]] | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
|} | |||
/ʃ/ is only pronounced in the digraph ⟨σς⟩, /ɲ/ is only pronounced in the digraphs ⟨νι⟩or ⟨νη⟩and /ŋ/ is only pronounced in the digraph ⟨γγ⟩. /ɦ/ is only pronounced in the digraph ⟨χς⟩(çs). Another digraph is ⟨μλ⟩(ml). | |||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | |||
! | |||
! colspan="2" | [[w:Front vowel|Front]] | |||
! colspan="2" | [[w:Central vowel|Central]] | |||
! colspan="2" | [[w:Back vowel|Back]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Close vowel|Close]] | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Close front vowel|i]] || style="border-left: 0;" | | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Close back vowel|u]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Close-mid vowel|Close-mid]] | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Close-mid front vowel|e]] || style="border-left: 0;" | | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Close-mid back vowel|o]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Mid vowel|Mid]] | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| colspan="2" | ([[w:Mid central vowel|ə]]) | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Open-mid vowel|Open-mid]] | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Open-mid front vowel|ε]] || style="border-left: 0;" | | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Open-mid back vowel|ɔ]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Open vowel|Open]] | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Open front vowel|a]] || style="border-left: 0;" | | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
|} | |||
===Prosody=== | ===Prosody=== | ||
====Stress==== | ====Stress==== | ||
=== | Like in Greek, the ''tonos''(´) is used to indicate where stress is placed, although by default stress is paroxytonic, meaning stress is placed on the penultimate syllable of a word. | ||
===Phonotactics=== | |||
Most consonant clusters in Zēsti are identical to those in Greek, such as ⟨γγ⟩(transliterated as ⟨gg⟩in Latin) would be pronounced [ˈŋg], as well as ⟨σς⟩(transliterated as ⟨ss⟩) being pronounced /ʃ/. An example of this would be ''τέγγο''(teggo), meaning "I have". | |||
Vowel clusters are more unique, for example ⟨αο⟩or ⟨αω⟩(transliterated as ⟨ao⟩and ⟨aõ⟩respectively) are both pronounced [ə]. | |||
===Morphophonology=== | ===Morphophonology=== | ||
Zēsti does not have a /h/ or /x/ sound, so often times it gets converted into a /t͡ʃ/(χ). Even basic words, like "man", turns from French ''homme'' to Zēsti ''[[Contionary:χώμο|χώμο]]''(chõmo). | |||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
< | ===Nouns=== | ||
====Grammatical gender==== | |||
All nouns in Zēsti have a grammatical gender - either masculine or feminine<ref>sorry guys, but this is a romance language. gotta have grammatical gender ¯\_(ツ)_/¯</ref>. Masculine nouns tend to end in ''-o''/''-ω'', while feminine nouns tend to end in ''-α'', although they can be concretely identified by the article behind it, as seen in this table: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ Singular articles | |||
|- | |||
! !! Masculine !! Feminine | |||
|- | |||
! Definite | |||
| ''ελ''(''λη'') || ''λα'' | |||
|- | |||
! Indefinite | |||
| ''υν'' || ''ύνα'' | |||
|} | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ Plural articles | |||
|- | |||
! !! Masculine !! Feminine | |||
|- | |||
! Definite | |||
| ''ελήρ''(''λήρε'') || ''λάζε'' | |||
|- | |||
! Indefinite | |||
| ''ύνες'' || ''ύνας'' | |||
|} | |||
The alternate masculine definite article ''λη''(''lē'') is used only as a direct object pronoun.<br> | |||
'''Examples:'''<br> | |||
''Τέγγο ασσέτερ ύν τελέ.''(''Téggo asséter ún telé'', I bought a TV.)<br> | |||
''Τέγγο '''λη''' ασσέτερ.''(''Téggo '''lē''' asséter'', I bought '''it'''.)<br> | |||
''Νω γύστο Λάυρα.''(''Nõ gústo Láura'', I don't like Laura.)<br> | |||
''Νω '''λα''' γύστο.''(''Nõ '''la''' gústo'', I don't like '''her'''.) | |||
--> | ===Verbs=== | ||
Zēsti is a null pronoun language, and instead pronouns are inferred through the inflection of the verb in a sentence, which itself can be deduced by the suffix of the inflected verb. Inflection also varies depending on the ending of the infinitive, e.g. ''τένερ'' has a different inflection than ''φίνιρ''. | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|+ Verbs ending in -er | |||
|- | |||
! !! Suffix | |||
|- | |||
! ''έχο''(I) | |||
| ''-o'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''τυ''(you singular) | |||
| ''-ες'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''ιλ''/''ίλα''(he/she singular) | |||
| ''-ε'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''νοσώδο''(we) | |||
| ''-έσος'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''φοσώδο''(you plural) | |||
| ''-έις'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''ίλες''/''ιλάες''(they(m)/they(f)) | |||
| ''-ενς'' | |||
|} | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|+ Verbs ending in -ir | |||
|- | |||
! !! Suffix | |||
|- | |||
! ''έχο''(I) | |||
| ''-ι'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''τυ''(you singular) | |||
| ''-ις'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''ιλ''/''ίλα''(he/she singular) | |||
| ''-ιμ'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''νοσώδο''(we) | |||
| ''-ος'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''φοσώδο''(you plural) | |||
| ''-έις'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''ίλες''/''ιλάες''(they(m)/they(f)) | |||
| ''-σενς'' | |||
|} | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|+ Verbs ending in -ēr | |||
|- | |||
! !! Suffix | |||
|- | |||
! ''έχο''(I) | |||
| ''-ω'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''τυ''(you singular) | |||
| ''-ης'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''ιλ''/''ίλα''(he/she singular) | |||
| ''-ημ'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''νοσώδο''(we) | |||
| ''-ημος'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''φοσώδο''(you plural) | |||
| ''-έις'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''ίλες''/''ιλάες''(they(m)/they(f)) | |||
| ''-ενς'' | |||
|} | |||
====Irregular verbs==== | |||
The two main irregular verbs are ''σηρ''(''sēr'', to be) and ''τένερ''(''téner'', to have). | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|+ Conjugation of [[Contionary:σηρ|sēr]] | |||
|- | |||
! !! Suffix | |||
|- | |||
! ''έχο''(I) | |||
| ''σω'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''τυ''(you singular) | |||
| ''ες'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''ιλ''/''ίλα''(he/she singular) | |||
| ''ηζε'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''νοσώδο''(we) | |||
| ''σώμος'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''φοσώδο''(you plural) | |||
| ''ητίς'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''ίλες''/''ιλάες''(they(m)/they(f)) | |||
| ''σώντε'' | |||
|} | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|+ Conjugation of [[Contionary:τένερ|téner]] | |||
|- | |||
! !! Suffix | |||
|- | |||
! ''έχο''(I) | |||
| ''τέγγο'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''τυ''(you singular) | |||
| ''τήνες'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''ιλ''/''ίλα''(he/she singular) | |||
| ''τίνε'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''νοσώδο''(we) | |||
| ''τηνύμος'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''φοσώδο''(you plural) | |||
| ''τινείσε'' | |||
|- | |||
! ''ίλες''/''ιλάες''(they(m)/they(f)) | |||
| ''τηνσε'' | |||
|} | |||
=====Examples===== | |||
'''[[Contionary:σηρ|σηρ]]''' - '''''Σω''' υν χώμο''.('''''Sõ''' un çõmo'', I am a man)<br> | |||
'''[[Contionary:τένερ|τένερ]]''' - ''Ελ τόσολτω '''τίνε''' υν χύρο.''(''El tósoltõ '''tíne''' un çúro'', The firefighter has a churro.) | |||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||
===Constituent order=== | ===Constituent order=== | ||
Zēsti is generally an SVO(subject-verb-object) language, but when a direct object pronoun takes the place of a regular object, it is placed before the verb, such that it becomes an SOV sentence. | |||
===Noun phrase=== | ===Noun phrase=== | ||
===Verb phrase=== | ===Verb phrase=== | ||
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[[Category:Zēsti]] | [[Category:Zēsti]] | ||
[[Category:Languages]] | [[Category:Languages]] | ||
[[Category:Jokelangs]] | |||
[[Category:Conlangs]] | [[Category:Conlangs]] | ||
[[Category:A posteriori]] | |||
[[Category:Romance]] |
Latest revision as of 13:19, 3 June 2024
Zēsti | |
---|---|
Rizzish | |
Ζήστι | |
A native Zēsti speaker. | |
Pronunciation | [ˈzɛːˌsti] |
Created by | Jukethatbox |
Native to | Chad |
Indo-European
| |
Early forms | Proto-Indo-European
|
Greek alphabet | |
Sources | Spanish, French, Italian, Greek |
Official status | |
Official language in | Chad |
Recognised minority language in | Rizziconi Municipality in Italy |
Regulated by | Rizzlers International |
Zēsti(Ζήστι or Zḗsti, Zēsti: [ˈzɛːˌsti]), a.k.a Rizzish(Ρίζι) is a Romance jokelang made to be as zesty as possible. It uses the Greek alphabet, which I personally consider the zestiest script of all time.
A signed version of Zēsti also exists, called Unspoken Rizz(ρίζιε τασίτε).
Phonology
Orthography
The Zēsti alphabet is identical to the Greek alphabet, although pronunciation differs. For example, ⟨Χχ⟩(chi) is pronounced [ˈt͡ʃi], although the modern Greek pronunciation would be [ˈxi].
Alphabet | Aα | Ββ | Γγ | Δδ | Εε | Ζζ | Ηη | Θθ | Ιι | Κκ | Λλ | Μμ | Νν | Ξξ | Οο | Ππ | Ρρ | Σσς | Ττ | Υυ | Χχ | Φφ | Ψψ | Ωω |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Romanisation | Aa | Bb | Gg | Dd | Ee | Zz | Ēē | Ðð | Ii | Kk | Ll | Mm | Nn | Xx | Oo | Pp | Rr | Ss | Tt | Uu | Çç | Ff | Psps | Õõ |
IPA | a | bʱ | gʱ | dʱ | ε | z | e | θ | i | kʰ | l | m | n | t͡s | ɔ | p | r | s | tʰ | u | t͡ʃ | f | ps | o |
Consonants
All plosives in Zēsti are aspirated depending on whether they are voiced or not, e.g. /tʰ/(unvoiced) or /dʱ/(voiced).
Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Post- alveolar/ palatal |
Velar | Glottal | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | (ɲ) | (ŋ) | ||||||||
Stop | pʰ | bʱ | tʰ | dʱ | kʰ | ɡʱ | ||||||
Affricate | t͡s | t͡ʃ | ||||||||||
Fricative | f | θ | s | z | (ʃ) | (ɦ) | ||||||
Lateral | l | |||||||||||
Trill | r |
/ʃ/ is only pronounced in the digraph ⟨σς⟩, /ɲ/ is only pronounced in the digraphs ⟨νι⟩or ⟨νη⟩and /ŋ/ is only pronounced in the digraph ⟨γγ⟩. /ɦ/ is only pronounced in the digraph ⟨χς⟩(çs). Another digraph is ⟨μλ⟩(ml).
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Close | i | u | ||||
Close-mid | e | o | ||||
Mid | (ə) | |||||
Open-mid | ε | ɔ | ||||
Open | a |
Prosody
Stress
Like in Greek, the tonos(´) is used to indicate where stress is placed, although by default stress is paroxytonic, meaning stress is placed on the penultimate syllable of a word.
Phonotactics
Most consonant clusters in Zēsti are identical to those in Greek, such as ⟨γγ⟩(transliterated as ⟨gg⟩in Latin) would be pronounced [ˈŋg], as well as ⟨σς⟩(transliterated as ⟨ss⟩) being pronounced /ʃ/. An example of this would be τέγγο(teggo), meaning "I have".
Vowel clusters are more unique, for example ⟨αο⟩or ⟨αω⟩(transliterated as ⟨ao⟩and ⟨aõ⟩respectively) are both pronounced [ə].
Morphophonology
Zēsti does not have a /h/ or /x/ sound, so often times it gets converted into a /t͡ʃ/(χ). Even basic words, like "man", turns from French homme to Zēsti χώμο(chõmo).
Morphology
Nouns
Grammatical gender
All nouns in Zēsti have a grammatical gender - either masculine or feminine[1]. Masculine nouns tend to end in -o/-ω, while feminine nouns tend to end in -α, although they can be concretely identified by the article behind it, as seen in this table:
Masculine | Feminine | |
---|---|---|
Definite | ελ(λη) | λα |
Indefinite | υν | ύνα |
Masculine | Feminine | |
---|---|---|
Definite | ελήρ(λήρε) | λάζε |
Indefinite | ύνες | ύνας |
The alternate masculine definite article λη(lē) is used only as a direct object pronoun.
Examples:
Τέγγο ασσέτερ ύν τελέ.(Téggo asséter ún telé, I bought a TV.)
Τέγγο λη ασσέτερ.(Téggo lē asséter, I bought it.)
Νω γύστο Λάυρα.(Nõ gústo Láura, I don't like Laura.)
Νω λα γύστο.(Nõ la gústo, I don't like her.)
Verbs
Zēsti is a null pronoun language, and instead pronouns are inferred through the inflection of the verb in a sentence, which itself can be deduced by the suffix of the inflected verb. Inflection also varies depending on the ending of the infinitive, e.g. τένερ has a different inflection than φίνιρ.
Suffix | |
---|---|
έχο(I) | -o |
τυ(you singular) | -ες |
ιλ/ίλα(he/she singular) | -ε |
νοσώδο(we) | -έσος |
φοσώδο(you plural) | -έις |
ίλες/ιλάες(they(m)/they(f)) | -ενς |
Suffix | |
---|---|
έχο(I) | -ι |
τυ(you singular) | -ις |
ιλ/ίλα(he/she singular) | -ιμ |
νοσώδο(we) | -ος |
φοσώδο(you plural) | -έις |
ίλες/ιλάες(they(m)/they(f)) | -σενς |
Suffix | |
---|---|
έχο(I) | -ω |
τυ(you singular) | -ης |
ιλ/ίλα(he/she singular) | -ημ |
νοσώδο(we) | -ημος |
φοσώδο(you plural) | -έις |
ίλες/ιλάες(they(m)/they(f)) | -ενς |
Irregular verbs
The two main irregular verbs are σηρ(sēr, to be) and τένερ(téner, to have).
Suffix | |
---|---|
έχο(I) | σω |
τυ(you singular) | ες |
ιλ/ίλα(he/she singular) | ηζε |
νοσώδο(we) | σώμος |
φοσώδο(you plural) | ητίς |
ίλες/ιλάες(they(m)/they(f)) | σώντε |
Suffix | |
---|---|
έχο(I) | τέγγο |
τυ(you singular) | τήνες |
ιλ/ίλα(he/she singular) | τίνε |
νοσώδο(we) | τηνύμος |
φοσώδο(you plural) | τινείσε |
ίλες/ιλάες(they(m)/they(f)) | τηνσε |
Examples
σηρ - Σω υν χώμο.(Sõ un çõmo, I am a man)
τένερ - Ελ τόσολτω τίνε υν χύρο.(El tósoltõ tíne un çúro, The firefighter has a churro.)
Syntax
Constituent order
Zēsti is generally an SVO(subject-verb-object) language, but when a direct object pronoun takes the place of a regular object, it is placed before the verb, such that it becomes an SOV sentence.
Noun phrase
Verb phrase
Sentence phrase
Dependent clauses
Example texts
Other resources
- ^ sorry guys, but this is a romance language. gotta have grammatical gender ¯\_(ツ)_/¯