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Fourth Linguifex Relay/Minhast: Difference between revisions
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== Introduction == | |||
Minhast is a polysynthetic language that exhibits polypersonal cross-indexing on the verb, noun incorporation, and valence operations affixes. Its morphological alignment is Ergative-Absolutive, and canonical word order is SOV. The reader is advised to go to the [[Minhast]] wiki for details on valence operations, applicatives, noun incorporation, and antipassivation. Also helpful will be the discussions on the Connectives ''min'' and ''wa=''. In this text be on the lookout for noun incorporation and any operation that manipulates the S/O pivot. | |||
== Minhast Text == | == Minhast Text == | ||
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== Interlinear Gloss == | == Interlinear Gloss == | ||
Ikkūne kurg-tah-an iħy-tah-an=mā<br/> | ''Ikkūne kurg-tah-an iħy-tah-an=mā''<br/> | ||
Chieftain be.strong-2S.ABS-INTRANS be.high-2S.ABS-INTRANS=SUBORD<br/> | Chieftain be.strong-2S.ABS-INTRANS be.high-2S.ABS-INTRANS=SUBORD<br/> | ||
Dut-han-ktah-ar-u, ittah-yam-ek-an<br/> | ''Dut-han-ktah-ar-u, ittah-yam-ek-an,''<br/> | ||
DAT.APPL-come-1S.ABS+2S.ERG-PST-TRANS, have-sea-1S.ABS-INTRANS, <br/> | DAT.APPL-come-1S.ABS+2S.ERG-PST-TRANS, have-sea-1S.ABS-INTRANS, <br/> | ||
Hakkum-m-an<br/> | ''Hakkum-m-an.''<br/> | ||
Be.far-3S.ANIM.ABS-INTRANS<br/> | Be.far-3S.ANIM.ABS-INTRANS<br/> | ||
Taħ watturħa kungat-Ø-ar-ab-an=mā, ikšāk-Ø-ar=ampā<br/> | ''Taħ watturħa kungat-Ø-ar-ab-an=mā, ikšāk-Ø-ar=ampā''<br/> | ||
2S.ABS CONN=spirit look.forward.to.arrival-3S.ABS-PST-IMPF-INTRANS=SUBORD, request-3MS.ABS-PST-ANTIPASS+SUBORD<br/> | 2S.ABS CONN=spirit look.forward.to.arrival-3S.ABS-PST-IMPF-INTRANS=SUBORD, request-3MS.ABS-PST-ANTIPASS+SUBORD<br/> | ||
Wahēk, šuxtān min turħa kurg-Ø-an=aft, dut-ikšāk-nn-ar-u=mā<br/> | ''Wahēk, šuxtān min turħa kurg-Ø-an=aft, dut-ikšāk-nn-ar-u=mā''<br/> | ||
SEQUENTIAL.DISC, sky CONN spirit be.great-3S.ABS-INTRANS=NMLZ, DAT.APPL-request-3S.ABS+3S.ERG-PST-TRANS=SUBORD<br/> | SEQUENTIAL.DISC, sky CONN spirit be.great-3S.ABS-INTRANS=NMLZ, DAT.APPL-request-3S.ABS+3S.ERG-PST-TRANS=SUBORD<br/> | ||
Wahēk, dut-hitt-payyar-knen-ar-u<br/> | ''Wahēk, dut-hitt-payyar-knen-ar-u''<br/> | ||
SEQUENTIAL.DISC, DAT.APPL-give-custom-1S.ABS+3MS.ERG-PST-TRANS<br/> | SEQUENTIAL.DISC, DAT.APPL-give-custom-1S.ABS+3MS.ERG-PST-TRANS<br/> | ||
Ra'e, wa=hattā' hitt-nannankūy-Ø-ar-an=aft keħre=dāš ta-idammat-nannankūy-m-satt-ab-u<br/> | ''Ra'e, wa=hattā' hitt-nannankūy-Ø-ar-an=aft keħre=dāš ta-idammat-nannankūy-m-satt-ab-u''<br/> | ||
CONFIRM.EXPECT.DISC CONN=NEG give-silver-3MS.ABS-PST-INTRANS=NMLZ death=MAL NEG=protect-silver-3S.ABS+3S.INANIM.ERG-FUT-IMPF-TRANS<br/> | CONFIRM.EXPECT.DISC CONN=NEG give-silver-3MS.ABS-PST-INTRANS=NMLZ death=MAL NEG=protect-silver-3S.ABS+3S.INANIM.ERG-FUT-IMPF-TRANS<br/> | ||
Wašia wa=kayyun-ar nt-kah-ešnuk-tar-Ø-ar-ampi, wammīn.<br/> | ''Wašia wa=kayyun-ar nt-kah-ešnuk-tar-Ø-ar-ampi, wammīn.''<br/> | ||
DISTAL.ADV CONN=tree-PST INTENS-INVERSE.VOLITIONAL-tip-DISTR-3S.ANIM.ABS-PST-ANTIPASS, CAUSAL.DISC<br/> | DISTAL.ADV CONN=tree-PST INTENS-INVERSE.VOLITIONAL-tip-DISTR-3S.ANIM.ABS-PST-ANTIPASS, CAUSAL.DISC<br/> | ||
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# ERG - Ergative | # ERG - Ergative | ||
# ABS - Absolutive | # ABS - Absolutive | ||
# DAT - Dative | |||
# MAL - Malefactive | |||
# INTRANS - Intransitive | # INTRANS - Intransitive | ||
# TRANS - Transitive | # TRANS - Transitive | ||
# ANTIPASS - Antipassive | # ANTIPASS - Antipassive | ||
# CONN - Connective particle or clitic. Minhast has two kinds of Connectives: 'min' links two or more noun phrases (NP); 'wa=' links adjuncts with clauses | # CONN - Connective particle or clitic. Minhast has two kinds of Connectives: ''min'' links two or more noun phrases (NP); ''wa='' links adjuncts with clauses. | ||
# ANIM - Animate | # ANIM - Animate | ||
# INANIM - Inanimate | # INANIM - Inanimate | ||
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# CONFIRM.EXPECT.DISC - Confirmatory-Expective discourse particle which indicates that the speaker expects the listener to agree what the speaker just said. | # CONFIRM.EXPECT.DISC - Confirmatory-Expective discourse particle which indicates that the speaker expects the listener to agree what the speaker just said. | ||
# CAUSAL.DISC - Discourse particle that indicates that the clause it is bound to was responsible for causing previous clauses to occur. It has wide scope over extended discourse. | # CAUSAL.DISC - Discourse particle that indicates that the clause it is bound to was responsible for causing previous clauses to occur. It has wide scope over extended discourse. | ||