Häskä/Wordlist: Difference between revisions
m (→Sound changes) |
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| Line 40: | Line 40: | ||
*au > əʊ / _(voiceless) | *au > əʊ / _(voiceless) | ||
*ɔʏ > əʏ / _(voiceless) | *ɔʏ > əʏ / _(voiceless) | ||
====Consonant splits==== | |||
====AW > MW nuclei 2==== | |||
*a aː > æ æː | *a aː > æ æː | ||
*əl > ʊ in unstressed syllables | *əl > ʊ in unstressed syllables | ||
| Line 55: | Line 58: | ||
*øɐ̯ > ɥaː | *øɐ̯ > ɥaː | ||
*aɐ̯ > æː | *aɐ̯ > æː | ||
*ˁæ ˁe ˁi ˁo ˁø ˁu ˁy > ˁɑ ˁæ ˁe ˁɑ ˁæ ˁo ˁø | *ˁæ ˁe ˁi ˁo ˁø ˁu ˁy > ˁɑ ˁæ ˁe ˁɑ ˁæ ˁo ˁø | ||
*ˁaː ˁeː ˁiː ˁoː ˁøː ˁuː ˁyː > ˁɑː ˁaw ˁew ˁaw ˁoy ˁow ˁoy | *ˁaː ˁeː ˁiː ˁoː ˁøː ˁuː ˁyː > ˁɑː ˁaw ˁew ˁaw ˁoy ˁow ˁoy | ||
Revision as of 03:35, 2 December 2015
| Häskä/Wordlist | |
|---|---|
| Wieb-Muts | |
| Created by | IlL |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | qwb |
Häskä/Wordlist is the ancestor language of Reber Wiebian, Gauf, and Zwehrer Wiebian lects.
Orthography
- See also: Wiebian/Script.
Historical phonology
AW inventory
Ancient Wiebian:
ɪ iː ʏ yː ʊ uː
ɛ eː œ øː ɔ oː
a aː
ɪɐ iːɐ ʏɐ yːɐ ʊɐ uːɐ
ɛɐ eːɐ œɐ øːɐ ɔɐ oːɐ
aɐ aːɐ
aʊ aɪ ɔʏ
aʊɐ aɪɐ ɔʏɐ
ə
Sound changes
AW > MW nuclei 1
- Vʀɐ > Vɐ
- ɪɐ iːɐ > iɐ, ʏɐ yːɐ > yɐ, ʊɐ uːɐ > uɐ, aɐ a:ɐ > aɐ
- ai > əi / _(voiceless) (after AV)
- au > əʊ / _(voiceless)
- ɔʏ > əʏ / _(voiceless)
Consonant splits
AW > MW nuclei 2
- a aː > æ æː
- əl > ʊ in unstressed syllables
- e i o u ø y > æ e ɑ o æ ø / _Cɐ
- eː iː oː øː uː yː > jaː eː waː ɥaː oː øː / _Cɐ
- a e i > o ø y / _Cʊ
- aː eː iː > oː øː yː / _Cʊ
- final ɐ, ʊ lost
- ai aw ay > eː oː øː
- iɐ̯ eɐ̯ > iːa
- ɛɐ̯ > jaː
- uɐ̯ oɐ̯ > uːa
- ɔɐ̯ > waː
- yɐ̯ > yːa
- øɐ̯ > ɥaː
- aɐ̯ > æː
- ˁæ ˁe ˁi ˁo ˁø ˁu ˁy > ˁɑ ˁæ ˁe ˁɑ ˁæ ˁo ˁø
- ˁaː ˁeː ˁiː ˁoː ˁøː ˁuː ˁyː > ˁɑː ˁaw ˁew ˁaw ˁoy ˁow ˁoy
- ˁai ˁau ˁoy > ˁai ˁau ˁoy
- ˁVɐ̯ > ˁəa (if V != a)
- ˁaɐ̯ > ˁaː > ˁɑː
- aː eː iː oː uː øː yː > eː iː ai uː aw yː oy (GVS)
- əaa > aː
- əa > əː
- ei ou øy > iː uː yː
- w̃, nˡ > wˁ
- pharyngealization lost
AW > MW finals
- cluster ending in fricative > breathy tone, cluster lost w/ compensatory lengthening
- cluster ending in plosive > glottalized tone, cluster lost w/ compensatory lengthening
- -w results from the first consonant in the final being a labial (unless final is single /-p/)
- -j results from /ç, ɧ/ as the first consonant
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Retroflex | Click | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | voiceless | /m̊/ | /n̊/ | /ɳ̊/ | /ŋ̊!/ | /ŋ̊/ | /ɴ̊/ | |
| voiced | /m/ | /n/ | /ɳ/ | /ŋ!/ | /ŋ/ | /ɴ/ | ||
| Stop | tenuis | /p/ | /t/ | /ʈ/ | /ǃ/ | /k/ | /q/ | /ʔ/ |
| aspirated | /pʰ/ | /tʰ/ | /ʈʰ/ | /ǃʰ/ | /kʰ/ | /qʰ/ | ||
| voiced | /b/ | /d/ | /ɖ/ | /ɡǃ/ | /ɡ/ | /ɢ/ | ||
| Spirants | voiceless | /f/ | /θ/ | /ɧ/ | /x/ | /χ/ | /h/ | |
| voiced | /v/ | /ð/ | /ɧ̬/ | /ɣ/ | /ʁ/ | |||
| Sibilants | voiceless | /s/ | /ʂ/ | |||||
| voiced | /z/ | /ʐ/ | ||||||
| Approximant | voiceless | /ʍ/ | /l̥/ | |||||
| voiced | /w/ | /l/ | ||||||
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | |||||||
| short | long | short | long | short | long | short | long | |
| Close | /i/ | /iː/ | /y/ | /yː/ | /u/ | /uː/ | ||
| Mid | /e/ | /eː/ | /ø/ | /øː/ | /əː/ | /ɔ/ | /oː/ | |
| Open | /æ/ | /æː/ | /ɑ/ | /ɑː/ | ||||
Diphthongs: /ai au oy ja je iːa jaː wa wo uːa waː ɥa ɥø yːa ɥaː aiɐ auɐ oyɐ/
Tones
- (-p m)
- (-p b)
- (-p g)
- (+p m)
- (+p b)
- (+p g)
Grammar
For ordinal numerals: Schmielke 'order' e.g. wahm Schmielke Hauer 'the first king' (or Zwind? any relation to zweid 'walk'?)
Phrasebook
wahm, discher, narg, đauf, sälisch, stuhm, raut, lerz, pfarb, kier:
va:m, dɪɧɐ, naɐ̯k, ɡ!auf, ze:lɪɧ, ʃtu:m, ʀaut, lɛɐ̯ts, pfaɐ̯p, ki:ɐ̯
væ:m, dɛɧ, naɐ̯k, ɡ!əuf, ze:ləɧ, ʃtu:m, ʀəut, lɛɐ̯ts, pfaɐ̯p, ki:ɐ̯
ve:m, dɛɧ, na:k, ɡ!u:, zi:ləɧ, ʃtaum, ʀaut, lja:ts, pfa:p, kaiɐ
ve:m, dɛɧ, na:k, ɡ!u:, zi:lɧ, tʰaum, ʕaut, lja:s, fa:p, kaiɐ
ve:m (-p m), dɛj (-p b), na:k (-p g), ɡ!u: (-p b), zi: (-p b), tʰaum (-p m), 'aut (-p g), lja: (-p b), faap (-p g), kaiɐ (-p m)