Péla: Difference between revisions
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===Possession=== | ===Possession=== | ||
Possession is usually indicated by placing the possessor after the head as in [[w:Haitian Creole]], e.g. | Possession is usually indicated by placing the possessor after the head as in [[w:Haitian Creole|Haitian Creole]], e.g. | ||
: '' | : '' | ||
===Word order & tense=== | ===Word order & tense=== | ||
Tense in Péla is, peculiarly, primarily indicated by word order. SVO(subject-verb-object) indicates present tense, as so(verbs indicated in '''bold'''): | Tense in Péla is, peculiarly, primarily indicated by word order. SVO(subject-verb-object) indicates present tense, as so(verbs indicated in '''bold'''): | ||
Revision as of 20:58, 30 January 2025
 | This article is a construction site. This project is currently undergoing significant construction and/or revamp. By all means, take a look around, thank you. |
| Péla | |
|---|---|
| Parla / Pala / Pâla / Pela / Pearlese / Pelese | |
| pela / pal pela | |
| Pronunciation | [pela] |
| Created by | Jukethatbox |
| Date | 2025 |
| Native to | Pearl Island[a] |
| Ethnicity | Pearl Island Creoles,[b] Lankous[c] |
Creole
| |
| Haitian Creole orthography | |
| Official status | |
Official language in | Democratic Republic of Lilapela[d] |
Péla[e][f] is a French-based creole language spoken by the Pearl Island Creoles of Pearl Island.[a] It is the sole official language of the Democratic Republic of Lilapela[d] since its independence, and is spoken natively by 20,000 speakers(excluding speakers of the closely related Lankou), around 97% of the Lilapela population.
Phonology
Orthography
Péla(and by extension Lankou) uses the orthography of Haitian Creole.
Consonants
| Labial[g] | Alveolar | Post-alveolar | Velar | Palatal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | p b | t d | k g | ||
| Nasal | m | n | (ŋ) | ɲ | |
| Fricative | f v | s z | ʃ ʒ | ɣ | |
| Approximant | w | l | j |
Vowels
| Front | Back | |
|---|---|---|
| High | i | u |
| Open-mid | ɛ | (ɔ)[h] |
| Close-mid | e | o õ |
| Open | a ã | |
/ɛ/ and /e/ are separate phonemes, and are often the only differentiation between words that in French would be homophones, such as peche "to fish" and pèche "to sin". However, in Lankou(sometimes considered a dialect of Péla) /ɛ/ and /e/ have merged(and so has /ɔ/ and /o/, though in this case this phenomenon appears in standard Péla as well), meaning words like peche and pèche are homophones, as in its lexifier of French. This feature has, in recent years, seemed to have seeped back into standard Péla, particularly among young speakers.
Grammar
Article
Péla has one article that acts as both an indefinite and definite article based on its position. If it is before a word, as in yan om, it acts as an indefinite article("a man"). However, if it is after the word, it acts as a definite article, as in pajen yan "the old man".
Personal pronouns
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| First person | man | yon[i] |
| Second person | ti | |
| Third person | li | lis[j] lich |
Possession
Possession is usually indicated by placing the possessor after the head as in Haitian Creole, e.g.
Word order & tense
Tense in Péla is, peculiarly, primarily indicated by word order. SVO(subject-verb-object) indicates present tense, as so(verbs indicated in bold):
- Man oule yan fwi.
- 1.SG want-VB ART.INDEF fruit
- "I want a fruit."
Past tense is indicated by a VSO(verb-subject-object) word order:
- Ale li yo twa son.
- go.VB 3.SG to house 3.SG.GEN
- "He went to his house."
And finally, future tense is indicated by an SOV(subject-object-verb) word order:
- Apè man fwi yan bouche.
- later 1.SG fruit ART.DEF eat-VB
- "I will eat the fruit later."
Word derivation
Many Péla verbs and nouns alike are derived from each other. Verbs always end in -e or -è whereas nouns do not have a fixed ending, allowing for word coinage by simply adding or removing the suffix. For example:
- bouche "to eat" from bouch "mouth"(From French bouche)
- live "to read" from liv "book"(From French livre)
- bousòne "to get drunk, to drink alcohol" from bouson "alcoholic drink"(From French boisson "beverage")
- kreyone "to write, to draw" from kreyon "pencil, pen"(From French crayon "pencil")
- pech "fish" from peche "to fish"(From French pêcher)
However, these can lead to bizarre semantic shifts, e.g.:
- lapech "lost item", from lapeche "to search for [something]"(From French aller à la pêche "to go fishing")
References
- ^ a b Péla: Lilapela, Lil for short; French: Île-de-Perles(traditional), Lilapéla(modern)
- ^ Péla: Liljan
- ^ Péla: Lonkou, Lankou: Lankou yan
- ^ a b Péla: Repibli Demokrati Lilapela; French: République Démocratique de Lilapéla
- ^ [pela]
- ^ Also called Parla, Pala, Pâla, Pela, Pearlese or Pelese; French: perlanais
- ^ "Labial" here refers to anything from bilabial, labiodental and labial-velar.
- ^ Though technically a phoneme, it is rare, and even in the few cases it appears it is often in free variation with /o/ for most speakers.
- ^ From French on, which though formally is the equivalent of the pronoun "one", commonly acts as a first-person plural pronoun in colloquial French.
- ^ Derived from Portuguese eles "they (m)". Lich is an uncommon variation more closely based on the European Portuguese pronunciation of eles: [ˈe.lɨʃ].