Middle Semitic/Orthography: Difference between revisions

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|-

! ܐ

| {{Sy|{{C|~~ܐܝܠܦܐ~~}}}} || '~~êlphâ~~ || bull/ox ~~(m) || Also 'thousand',~~ 'to teach' -> 'teacher, leader'

| {{Sy|{{C|ܐܠܦ}}}} || 'alpa || thousand || "bull/ox" is šorâ. also 'to teach' -> 'teacher, leader'

|-

! ܒ

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|-

! Emphatic

| || ṭ {{Sy|ܜ}} || ṣ {{Sy|ܨ}} || || q {{Sy|ܩ}} || || ʔ {{Sy|ܐ}}

| || ṭ {{Sy|ܛ}} || ṣ {{Sy|ܨ}} || || q {{Sy|ܩ}} || || ʔ {{Sy|ܐ}}

|-

! Approx.

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|}

For purposes of weak conjugations/declensions, all pharyngeals and glottal's are considered "~~gutteral's~~".

For purposes of weak conjugations/declensions, all pharyngeals and glottal's are considered "gutturals". For the "begadkepat" letter, they are in free variation between stops and fricatives. However, most people say them as fricatives intervocalically and as stops elsewhere. (When they are doubled, they are always stops.) However, in spelling certain foreign words and in full-spelling, it is possible to distinguish between the sounds by a dot above for the stop, and a dot below for the fricative.

* ܒ̇ is /b/ while ܒ̣ is /v/

* ܓ̇ is /g/ while ܓ̣ is /ɣ/

* ܕ̇ is /d/ while ܕ̣ is /ð/

* ܟ̇ is /k/ while ܟ̣ is /x/

* ܦ̇ is /p/ while ܦ̣ is /f/

* ܬ̇ is /t/ while ܬ̣ is /θ/

=== Vowels ===

True vowels are diacritic, written on the table to the right upon a ''bet'' to show placement:

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=== Diacritics ===

a, w, and y are assumed to always be ''mater lectionis'', so when they are consonants (in full spelling), they get a superscript 'alef, which looks like this {{Sy| ܐܑ ܁ ܘܑ ܁ ܝܑ. }}

== Foreign Words ==

* ܔ can be used for Arabic (and other languages') words with /dʒ/

* ܕ݅ can be used for Arabic (and other languages') words with ḍ

* ܛ݅ can be used for Arabic (and other languages') words with ẓ

* ܒ̱ܰ i.e. a macron (above or below) can be used for Arabic (and other languages') long vowels

*

[[Category:Middle Semitic]]

@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 |-
 ! ܐ
-| {{Sy|{{C|ܐܝܠܦܐ}}}} || 'êlphâ || bull/ox (m) || Also 'thousand', 'to teach' -> 'teacher, leader'
+| {{Sy|{{C|ܐܠܦ}}}} || 'alpa || thousand || "bull/ox" is šorâ. also 'to teach' -> 'teacher, leader'
 |-
 ! ܒ
@@ Line 91: / Line 91: @@
 |-
 ! Emphatic
-| || ṭ {{Sy|ܜ}} || ṣ {{Sy|ܨ}} || || q {{Sy|ܩ}} || || ʔ {{Sy|ܐ}}
+| || ṭ {{Sy|ܛ}} || ṣ {{Sy|ܨ}} || || q {{Sy|ܩ}} || || ʔ {{Sy|ܐ}}
 |-
 ! Approx.
@@ Line 97: / Line 97: @@
 |}
-For purposes of weak conjugations/declensions, all pharyngeals and glottal's are considered "gutteral's".
+For purposes of weak conjugations/declensions, all pharyngeals and glottal's are considered "gutturals".  For the "begadkepat" letter, they are in free variation between stops and fricatives.  However, most people say them as fricatives intervocalically and as stops elsewhere.  (When they are doubled, they are always stops.) However, in spelling certain foreign words and in full-spelling, it is possible to distinguish between the sounds by a dot above for the stop, and a dot below for the fricative.
+* ܒ̇ is /b/ while ܒ̣ is /v/
+* ܓ̇ is /g/ while ܓ̣ is /ɣ/
+* ܕ̇ is /d/ while ܕ̣ is /ð/
+* ܟ̇ is /k/ while ܟ̣ is /x/
+* ܦ̇ is /p/ while ܦ̣ is /f/
+* ܬ̇ is /t/ while ܬ̣ is /θ/
 === Vowels ===
 True vowels are diacritic, written on the table to the right upon a ''bet'' to show placement:
@@ Line 117: / Line 124: @@
 === Diacritics ===
 a, w, and y are assumed to always be ''mater lectionis'', so when they are consonants (in full spelling), they get a superscript 'alef, which looks like this {{Sy| ܐܑ ܁ ܘܑ ܁ ܝܑ.  }}<!--- shift h //-->
+== Foreign Words ==
+* ܔ can be used for Arabic (and other languages') words with /dʒ/
+* ܕ݅ can be used for Arabic (and other languages') words with ḍ
+* ܛ݅ can be used for Arabic (and other languages') words with ẓ
+* ܒ̱ܰ i.e. a macron (above or below) can be used for Arabic (and other languages') long vowels
+*
 {{Aquatiki}}
 [[Category:Middle Semitic]]