Ufirlandisg: Difference between revisions
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m (→ō-stems) |
m (→Morphology) |
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Also includes the an-stem nouns (which have regularized their declension). | Also includes the an-stem nouns (which have regularized their declension). | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | ||
! colspan="3" | | ! colspan="3" | ''dal'' 'valley' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="width: 90px;" | Case | ! style="width: 90px;" | Case | ||
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{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | ||
! colspan="3" | | ! colspan="3" | ''namen'' 'name' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="width: 90px;" | Case | ! style="width: 90px;" | Case | ||
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{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | ||
! colspan="3" | | ! colspan="3" | ''nasa'' 'nose' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="width: 90px;" | Case | ! style="width: 90px;" | Case | ||
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{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | ||
! colspan="3" | | ! colspan="3" | ''xuda'' 'custom' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="width: 90px;" | Case | ! style="width: 90px;" | Case | ||
Revision as of 15:20, 3 March 2016
Introduction
Ufirlandisg (/ˈt͡ʃjəwtʲisk/; from PGmc *þiudiskaz) is a constructed Germanic language inspired by Mandarin and the Pfeunic language Qiēmxtier.
Phonology
Orthography
Consonants
| Labial | Dental/Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain | pal. | plain | pal. | |||||
| Nasal | m m | mı mʲ | n n̪ | nı nʲ | ||||
| Stop /Affricate |
tenuis | b p | bı pʲ | d t̪ | dı tʲ | j tʃ | g k | |
| aspirated | p pʰ | pı pʲʰ | t t̪ʰ | tı tʲʰ | q tʃʰ | k kʰ | ||
| Fricative | f f | fı fʲ | s s | x ʃ | h h | |||
| Approximant | central | w w | wı ɥ | r, rı ɹ | y j | |||
| lateral | l ɫ | lı ʎ | ||||||
When consonants written with ı is followed by a vowel, the ı is replaced with an i (except with /i/ and /iː/).
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| short | long | short | long | short | long | |
| Close | i /i/ | ī /iː/ | u /u/ | ū /uː/ | ||
| Close-mid | e /ə/ | ē [ɘː] | ||||
| Mid | ie [ɛ] | iē [ɛː] | [ə] | er /ɜː/ | ||
| Open | a /a/ | ā /aː/ | ||||
Diphthongs: ai ei ao ou ar/ār ēr ier/īr ir our/ūr/ur /aɪ̯ eɪ̯ aʊ̯ əʊ̯ ɑə(ɹ) ɜː(ɹ) jɛə(ɹ) jə(ɹ) ɔə(ɹ)/ (Note the linking r in r-colored vowels.)
Prosody
Stress
Intonation
Phonotactics
Morphophonology
Morphology
Nouns
Ufirlandisg nouns have 2 numbers and 2 cases. The endings are fairly conservative; however, there has been some conflation between different declension paradigms and cases.
a-stems
Also includes the an-stem nouns (which have regularized their declension).
| dal 'valley' | ||
|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | dal | dale |
| Genitive | dale | dalem |
| namen 'name' | ||
|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | namen | namne |
| Genitive | namne | namnem |
ō-stems
This class also includes the former u-stems.
| nasa 'nose' | ||
|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | nasa | nasar |
| Genitive | nasar | nasam |
| xuda 'custom' | ||
|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | xuda | xudar |
| Genitive | xudar | xudam |
i-stems
Proto-Germanic z-stems also merged into this class.
| geburji 'birth' | ||
|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | geburji | geburjir |
| Genitive | geburjir | geburjim |
| langini 'length' | ||
|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | langini | langinir |
| Genitive | langinir | langinim |
| lambi 'lamb' | ||
|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | lambi | lambir |
| Genitive | lambir | lambim |
Pronouns
| case | 1sg. | 2sg. | 3sg. | 1pl. | 2pl. | 3pl. | reflexive | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 'he' | 'she' | 'it' | |||||||
| nom. | jak | zū | ir | xī | it | wīr | yūr | yā | - |
| acc. | mik | jik | ina | ie | it | unx | youwi | yā | xik |
| dat. | mir | jir | ime | yar | ime | unx | youwi | imi | xir |
| gen. | mīn | jīn | yas | yare | yas | unxier | your | yara | xīn |