Æ: Difference between revisions

(52 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)

Line 1:

~~:[[Æ/Lexicon]]~~

'''{{~~PAGENAME~~}}''' (natively ''~~jạrˀ~~ Æ'' [jɑ̈˨˩˨ˀ ʔe˧˧], lit. 'Æ sound'; in English /ɛ/ ''eh'') is an [[Verse:~~Angai~~|~~Angai~~]]an monosyllabic tonal analytic language inspired by Danish and Vietnamese ~~(and the name is inspired by the real-world E language)~~. It belongs to the Rieng-Chrâtt language family.

'''{{SUBPAGENAME}}''' (natively ''jạrq Æ'' [jɑ̈˨˩˨ˀ ʔe˧˧], lit. 'Æ sound'; in English /ɛ/ ''eh'') is a [[Verse:Tricin|Trician]] monosyllabic tonal analytic language inspired by Danish and Vietnamese. It belongs to the Rieng-Chrâtt language family. It is spoken in the country of ''Ta{{cdb}}j Vŭ{{tilde}}r'' (lit. the northern land).

{{~~PAGENAME~~}} ~~natively~~ uses a initial-and-rime orthography developed from a fanqie system.

{{SUBPAGENAME}} used to be written in a native logography, but today it uses an initial-and-rime orthography developed from a fanqie system; the newer orthography is natively named after Lád Ăr Tå{{acute}}vq, who published a large volume of poetry using the system.

== Todo ==

Line 16:

</poem>

''Ýr můj můj! ~~Mæ̣rˀ dræ̊̀v~~ blỏv ~~blúˀ~~!'' 'Don't be so greedy! You have enough!'

''Ýr můj můj (můj mæ̉m)! Mæ̣rq dræ̊̀ blỏv blúq!'' 'Don't be so greedy! You have enough!'

== Diachronics sketch ==

Old Æ -ång/k -ong/k -ůng/k -> Modern Æ -æ̊m/vˀ -øm/vˀ -ym/vˀ

Old Æ -ång/k -ong/k -ůng/k -> Modern Æ -æ̊m/vq -øm/vq -ym/vq

== Broad phonology ==

=== Initials ===

'''b d bl gl g f s fl sl t h m n ng l r v j 0''' /p t pl tɬ k f s fl ɬ ts h m n ŋ l ʁ v j ʔ/

'''b d bl gl gj g f s fl sl t hj h m n nj ng l lj r v j 0''' /p t pl tɬ c k f s fl ɬ ts ç h m n {{ñ}} ŋ l ʎ ʁ v j~z ʔ/

~~=== Medials ===~~

~~-r- /ʁ/ Since this lowers the vowel, the exact phonetic values of rV combinations must be learned. Tentatively only allowed after b d g f s t h m n ng v.~~

=== Vowels ===

Æ has 13 nuclei: i y ŭ u ů e ø o æ æ̊ ă a å /i y ɨ ɨ: u e ø o ɛ œ æ æ: ɔ/

Æ has 13 nuclei: i y ŭ u ů e ø o æ æ̊ ă a å /i y ɨ ɨ{{long}} u e ø o ɛ œ æ æ{{long}} ɔ/

=== Finals ===

-0 -j -v -d -r -n -m -ˀ -jˀ -vˀ -dˀ -rˀ -nˀ -mˀ /-0 -j -w -ð -ɐ̯ -ŋ -~~ŋ͡m~~ -ʔ -jʔ -wʔ -ðʔ -ɐ̯ʔ -ŋʔ -~~ŋ͡mʔ~~/

-0 -j -v -d -r -n -m -q -jq -vq -dq -rq -nq -mq /-0 -j -w -ð -ɐ̯ -ŋ -wŋ͡m -ʔ -jʔ -wʔ -ðʔ -ɐ̯ʔ -ŋʔ -wŋ͡mʔ/

==== Origins of finals ====

* -0 comes from older -0 (tone A), -ʔ (tone B), -h (tone C), -k (tone D)

Line 47:

Line 44:

8 tones, 2 of which have stød

==== Tone box ====

~~Vietnamese tone diacritics are used to indicate the abstract etymological origin of the tone (The precise tone values are TBD)~~

{| class="wikitable"

!

Line 56:

Line 52:

|-

!Modal initial

|a

|a (Hanoi ''ngang'')

|á

|á (Hanoi nonentering ''sắc'')

|ả

|ả (Hanoi ''hỏi'')

|áˀ

|áq (High tone with stød)

|-

!Breathy initial

|à

|à (Hanoi ''huyền'')

|ạ

|ạ (Saigon ''nặng'')

|ã

|ã (Hanoi ''ngã'')

|ạˀ

|ạq (Low tone with stød)

|}

Line 72:

Line 68:

=== Initials ===

Initials are close to their broad transcriptions in Standard Æ.

One major dialect has r- = (true pharyngeal) [ħ], Cr = [Cʰ]

=== Rimes with no -r- medial ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

Line 184:

Line 183:

=== Polar questions ===

Yes-no questions either use the A-not-A form or put the appropriate negative word at the end.

:''Mæ{{cdb}}rˀ húd med blảj Æ?'' / ''Mæ{{cdb}}rˀ húd blảj Æ med?''

:''Mæ{{cdb}}rq húd med blảj Æ?'' / ''Mæ{{cdb}}rq húd blảj Æ med?''

: 2 COP NEG.COP human Æ / 2 COP human Æ NEG.COP

: Are you Æ?

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-:[[Æ/Lexicon]]
+{{List subpages}}
-'''{{PAGENAME}}''' (natively ''jạrˀ Æ'' [jɑ̈˨˩˨ˀ ʔe˧˧], lit. 'Æ sound'; in English /ɛ/ ''eh'') is an [[Verse:Angai|Angai]]an monosyllabic tonal analytic language inspired by Danish and Vietnamese (and the name is inspired by the real-world E language). It belongs to the Rieng-Chrâtt language family.
+'''{{SUBPAGENAME}}''' (natively ''jạrq Æ'' [jɑ̈˨˩˨ˀ ʔe˧˧], lit. 'Æ sound'; in English /ɛ/ ''eh'') is a [[Verse:Tricin|Trician]] monosyllabic tonal analytic language inspired by Danish and Vietnamese. It belongs to the Rieng-Chrâtt language family. It is spoken in the country of ''Ta{{cdb}}j Vŭ{{tilde}}r'' (lit. the northern land).
-{{PAGENAME}} natively uses a initial-and-rime orthography developed from a fanqie system.
+{{SUBPAGENAME}} used to be written in a native logography, but today it uses an initial-and-rime orthography developed from a fanqie system; the newer orthography is natively named after Lád Ăr Tå{{acute}}vq, who published a large volume of poetry using the system.
 == Todo ==
@@ Line 16: / Line 16: @@
 </poem>
-''Ýr můj můj! Mæ̣rˀ dræ̊̀v blỏv blúˀ!'' 'Don't be so greedy! You have enough!'
+''Ýr můj můj (můj mæ̉m)! Mæ̣rq dræ̊̀ blỏv blúq!'' 'Don't be so greedy! You have enough!'
 == Diachronics sketch ==
-Old Æ -ång/k -ong/k -ůng/k -> Modern Æ -æ̊m/vˀ -øm/vˀ -ym/vˀ
+Old Æ -ång/k -ong/k -ůng/k -> Modern Æ -æ̊m/vq -øm/vq -ym/vq
 == Broad phonology ==
 === Initials ===
-'''b d bl gl g f s fl sl t h m n ng l r v j 0''' /p t pl tɬ k f s fl ɬ ts h m n ŋ l ʁ v j ʔ/
+'''b d bl gl gj g f s fl sl t hj h m n nj ng l lj r v j 0''' /p t pl tɬ c k f s fl ɬ ts ç h m n {{ñ}} ŋ l ʎ ʁ v j~z ʔ/
-=== Medials ===
--r- /ʁ/ Since this lowers the vowel, the exact phonetic values of rV combinations must be learned. Tentatively only allowed after b d g f s t h m n ng v.
 === Vowels ===
-Æ has 13 nuclei: i y ŭ u ů e ø o æ æ̊ ă a å /i y ɨ ɨ: u e ø o ɛ œ æ æ: ɔ/
+Æ has 13 nuclei: i y ŭ u ů e ø o æ æ̊ ă a å /i y ɨ ɨ{{long}} u e ø o ɛ œ æ æ{{long}} ɔ/
 === Finals ===
--0 -j -v -d -r -n -m -ˀ -jˀ -vˀ -dˀ -rˀ -nˀ -mˀ /-0 -j -w -ð -ɐ̯ -ŋ -ŋ͡m -ʔ -jʔ -wʔ -ðʔ -ɐ̯ʔ -ŋʔ -ŋ͡mʔ/
+-0 -j -v -d -r -n -m -q -jq -vq -dq -rq -nq -mq /-0 -j -w -ð -ɐ̯ -ŋ -wŋ͡m -ʔ -jʔ -wʔ -ðʔ -ɐ̯ʔ -ŋʔ -wŋ͡mʔ/
 ==== Origins of finals ====
 * -0 comes from older -0 (tone A), -ʔ (tone B), -h (tone C), -k (tone D)
@@ Line 47: / Line 44: @@
 tones, 2 of which have stød
 ==== Tone box ====
-Vietnamese tone diacritics are used to indicate the abstract etymological origin of the tone (The precise tone values are TBD)
 {| class="wikitable"
 !
@@ Line 56: / Line 52: @@
 |-
 !Modal initial
-|a
+|a (Hanoi ''ngang'')
-|á
+|á (Hanoi nonentering ''sắc'')
-|ả
+|ả (Hanoi ''hỏi'')
-|áˀ
+|áq (High tone with stød)
 |-
 !Breathy initial
-|à
+|à (Hanoi ''huyền'')
-|ạ
+|ạ (Saigon ''nặng'')
-|ã
+|ã (Hanoi ''ngã'')
-|ạˀ
+|ạq (Low tone with stød)
 |}
@@ Line 72: / Line 68: @@
 === Initials ===
 Initials are close to their broad transcriptions in Standard Æ.
+One major dialect has r- = (true pharyngeal) [ħ], Cr = [Cʰ]
 === Rimes with no -r- medial ===
 {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
@@ Line 184: / Line 183: @@
 === Polar questions ===
 Yes-no questions either use the A-not-A form or put the appropriate negative word at the end.
-:''Mæ{{cdb}}rˀ húd med blảj Æ?'' / ''Mæ{{cdb}}rˀ húd blảj Æ med?''
+:''Mæ{{cdb}}rq húd med blảj Æ?'' / ''Mæ{{cdb}}rq húd blảj Æ med?''
 : 2 COP NEG.COP human Æ / 2 COP human Æ NEG.COP
 : Are you Æ?