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| {{Featured
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| |featured banner= true}}
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| {{privatelang}} | | {{privatelang}} |
| {{Infobox language | | {{Infobox language |
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| |nativename = Arini | | |nativename = Arini |
| |type = International auxiliar language | | |type = International auxiliar language |
| |pronunciation = /a'ɾini/ | | |pronunciation = /a'ɾini/ [ä˩.ɾi˦ni˩] |
| |created = 2018 | | |date = 2018 |
| |creator = User: Adonái "Cid Maonesa" Castro | | |creator = User: Señor Mayonesa |
| |script1 = Latin | | |script1 = Latin |
| |script2 = Greek | | |script2 = Greek |
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| | clcr = qii | | | clcr = qii |
| | brcl = n/a | | | brcl = n/a |
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| | |setting = Real world and books of Kaybur |
| |Alternative universe = Kaybur
| | |ethnicity = Ahmar Pxahva |
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| |series = Kaybur books
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| |conworld = Kaybur
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| |range = international
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| |setting = Real world | |
| |region of origin = Ahmar Pxahva | |
| |speakers = 1 500 000 000 | | |speakers = 1 500 000 000 |
| |date = 905 | | |created = 905 |
| |familycolor = Ahmar Glossas | | |familycolor = Ahmar Glossas |
| |fam2 = Ahmar Glossas dē Sud | | |fam2 = Ahmar Glossas dē Sud |
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| |ancestor3 = Proto-kyub | | |ancestor3 = Proto-kyub |
| }} | | }} |
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| ==Introduction==
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| Arini (from Purhepecha arhini 'speak') is an auxiliary conlang (auxlang) originally intended for global communication between people from different countries, however as time passed, the language began to become an auxiliary language for the novel ‹La Coroneta›. The language was born in November 2, 2018, by Adonái Castro. The orthography of Arini is primarily Latin, although it has also been adapted to other writing systems, having the following alphabet:
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| It's a language after all the languages in the world that seeks to be an auxiliary language, initially it was intended to be used by real human beings. The direction taken to know which words to take from each language is commonly related to the origin of the concept, that is, from the cultures that demonstrated to cultivate rice first that's where the language for the word "rice" will be taken from, or those first civilizations to encounter a certain animal.
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| ==Phonology==
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| The phonology was for a long time the cause of rejection and change, currently this is the phonology that has lasted the longest and is probably the ultimate form. Arini phonology has five vowels (a /ä/, e /e̞/, i, o /o̞/, u /u̟/) and two diphthongs (v /ʊ/ and y /ɪ/).
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| {| class="sortable wikitable"
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| |-
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| !Letters
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| |A||B||C||D||Dz||Dj||E||F||G||Gy||Gz||Gj||H||Hr||Hl
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| |I||K||Ks||Kx||L||Ly||M||N||Ny||O||P||R
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| |Rr||S||X||T
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| |Tl||Ts||Tx
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| |U
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| |V
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| |Y
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| |Z
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| |J
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| |-
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| !Suggested
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| |ä||b||θ||d||ʣ||ʤ ||e̞||ɸ||ɡ || ɡʲ||ɡ͡z||ɡ͡ʒ||x||xɾ̥||xl̥
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| | i||k||k͡s||k͡ʃ||l||lʲ||m||n||nʲ||o̞||p
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| |ɾ
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| |ɾ.ɾ||s||ʃ ||t
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| | tl||ʦ||ʧ
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| |u̟
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| |ʋ
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| |j
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| |z
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| |ʒ
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| |-
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| !Alternate
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| |a ɐ ɑ||β̞ bʰ||ɹ̝̊||ð̞ dʰ||d̪͡z̪||ʥ||e ɛ||f||ɰ ɡʰ
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| |ɰʲ ɟ ɡʰʲ ɟ||ɡ͡z̪||ɡ͡ʑ
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| |χ, h, ħ||ʀ̥ χɾ̥ hɾ̥ ħɾ̥
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| |ɬ /χl̥ / hl̥ / ħl̥
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| | ɨ / ɪ / i̟||k||k͡s̪||k͡ɕ k͡s̪ʲ||ɮ ɫ
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| |ɫʲ ɮʲ ʎ||ɱ||ŋ ɴ n̪||ɲ ŋʲ ɴʲ n̪ʲ
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| |o
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| ɔ
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| ɒ
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| |pʰ
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| pʼ
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| |ɾ̥
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| ɹ
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| |ɾʔ r r̥
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| |s̺ / s̪ / s̻||
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| ɕ
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| |tʰ
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| tʼ
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| | t͡ɬ||t̪͡s̪|| ʨ
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| |u
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| |v
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| |ʝ
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| |z̪
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| |ʑ
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| |}
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| The Arini has seventeen consonants and five vowels.
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| *Multiple consonants are subject to change under the influence of the semiconsonants "y" /j/ and "v" /ʋ/ which when next to a consonant are pronounced "y" /ʲ/ and "v" /ʷ/; "ny" can be pronounced as /ɲ/, "zy" /sʲ/ as /ɕ/ and "zy" /zʲ/ can pronounced as /ʑ/, "ly" /lʲ/ as /ʎ/, "hy" /xʲ/ as /ç/, "ky" /kʲ/ as /c/, and "gy" /gʲ/ as /ɟ/, but it's not a '''rule''', just a '''possibility'''.
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| *"v"/ ʊ̯/ and "y" /ɪ̯/ just appear at the end of syllables, at the beginning of the syllable they are replaced by the corresponding consonants /ʋ/ and /j/.
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| On many occasions there are words with two vowels together or even with two pairs of double vowels («"áanyaa"» ‘Virginia's dyer’), In these cases there is a variation in pronunciation (tonal or not) and writing (diacritics).
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| |-
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| ! Simple!!aa
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| !áa
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| !aá
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| |-
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| !Diacritic
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| |ā
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| |â
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| |ǎ
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| !Suggested
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| |/ä.ä/ /äʔä/
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| |/ˈää/ /ˈäʔä/
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| |/äˈʔä/ /äˈä/
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| |-
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| !Tonal
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| |/äː/ /ä˧/
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| |/ä˥˩/
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| |/ä˩˥/
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| |}
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| ===Orthography===
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| ====Scripts====
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| ! Latin!!A!!B!!C!!Tx!!D!!E!!F!!G!!J!!H!!I!!J!!K!!L!!M!!N!!O!!P!!Q!!R!!S!!Ts!!T!!U!!V!!Gv!!X!!Ks!!Y!!Z!!Dz
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| !Arabic
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| |ا||ب||ث|| ||چ||ع||ف||غ||ڄ||ح||ې||ج||ك||ل||م||ن||ۆ||پ||ق||ر||ص||ٹ||ت||ۇ||و||ڳ||ش||خ||ي||ز||ظ
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| !Greek
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| |Α||Β||Θ|| ||Δ||Ε||Φ||Γ|| || ||Χ|| ||Κ||Λ||Μ||Ν||Ο||Π|| ||Ρ||Σ|| ||Τ||Ω||Υ
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| | || ||Ξ||Ι||Ζ||
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| !Cyrillic
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| |А||Б||Ѳ||Ч||Д||Е||Ф||Г||І||Х||И||Ж||К||Л||М||Н||О||П|| ||Р||С||Ц||Т||У
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| |В|| ||Ш|| ||Я||З||Ѕ
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| |}
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| Arabic
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| In Arabic script labialization is shown with "ۇ" (u) and palatalization with "ې" (i), and the way to pronounce them as vowels when they are next to another vowel is to place "گ" in the middle, also there are also additional letters: "ڤ" /p͡s/ and "ڃ" /nʲ/ ~ /ɲ/. The word stress is marked with "ه".
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| Cyrillic
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| In Cyrillic script labialization is shown with "ю" (u) and palatalization with "ь". The word stress is mark with accute accent like "е́".
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| Greek
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| The word stress is mark with tonos like "έ". The question mark is ⟨;⟩, not to be confused with the semicolon ⟨;⟩.
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| ====Diacritics====
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| Stress is marked by a accut accent in their respective vowel, words that have stress in the penultimate syllable aren't mark, monosyllables are not mark either.
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| There are several words that are pronounced as if they were part of the next (prepositions) or previous word (postpositions), Most are prepositions, conjunctions, etcetera, In the dictionary these words are marked with a grave accent, for example, "dè", "èt" and "mènte" (when they join the following word, the grave accent is placed at the end and at the beginning if they join the previous one).
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| Consonants can often be pronounced separately, for example, "met-so" /ˈme̞t.so̞/, for this, can to use either a dash or a diaeresis ("metsö"), this can ("fùţäl" vs "fut-sál") or not ("célyïtron" vs "cél-yitron") affect the representation of stress, unless the umlaut is used instead of the dash, for this, either the grave accent (fùţál) or the double accent can be used (fuţa̋l),also it is possible to use the tilde (fuţãl).
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| ====Symbols and signs====
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| • Question marks: ¿ ?
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| * Using both signs is optional.
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| • Exclamation marks: ¡ !
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| * Using both signs is optional.
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| • Interrobangs: ⸘ ‽
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| * Using both signs is optional.
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| • Comma: ,
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| * At the end of the same list, & or et is used.
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| • Dot: .
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| * Never placed after a closing sign (!, ? or ‽)
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| • Semicolon: ;
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| * It cannot be used as a question mark.
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| • Colon: :
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| * The text continues with the same topic and depends on the sentence prior to placing the colon, then a semicolon is used and it continues in lower case.
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| • Aposthrophe: '
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| * Words that are abbreviated with this sign are always juxtaposed to another word.
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| • Parenthesis: ( )
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| • Ellipsis: …
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| * Only three points are used, never more or less.
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| • Dative mark: @
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| * It only serves to replace the preposition.
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| • Conjunction mark: &
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| * It only works as a replacement for the copulative conjunction "et" 'and'.
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| ===Prosody===
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| ====Stress====
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| Stress is marked by a accut accent in their respective vowel, words that have stress in the penultimate syllable aren't mark, monosyllables are not mark either.
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| ===Phonotactics===
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| The only consonants that do not consonant together in the same syllable without being affricated together with the liquid r, l are: J, Z, S, X, Y, L, R.
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| Cannot make affricates with consonants that are not of the same type of voice, like dc /d͡ð/.
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| Cannot start a syllable with a consonant plus another consonant unless it is a fricate (stereo → estéreo).
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| Of course cannot end a word with a stop or fricative consonant with a liquid (tl (atlu ← atl)).
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| The only letters that can make a diphthong are "y" and "v", apart from palatalization and labialization as well.
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| ===Morphophonology===
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| ==Morphology==
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| The Arini has 3 tenses to conjugate verbs, in addition to the progressive, subjunctive, infinitive and imperative cases:
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| ! Time!!Suffix
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| |-
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| !Present
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| |n
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| |-
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| !Past
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| |d
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| |-
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| !Future
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| |l
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| |}
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| |-
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| ! Case!!Dz
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| |-
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| !Progressive
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| |ndo
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| |-
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| !Subjunctive
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| |ste
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| |-
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| !Imperative
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| |y
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| |-
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| !Infinitive
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| |re
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| |}
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| ==Syntax==
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| Arini follows a **Subject–Verb–Object (SVO)** structure. Verbs always appear directly after the subject or pronoun.
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| Articles precede the noun they modify.
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| Adjectives precede the noun as well, and follow the article if present.
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| Adverbs follow the verb they modify.
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| ==Example texts==
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| Vorrás èt Raví cvevldelyéd abávt kvav dè cè nyiy sed plus cè tsuyoy, cèn ma celente lyegád cì zavinád ìn ma cermón umhangz.
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| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
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| ! Vorrás !! èt !! Raví !! cvevldelyé.d !! abávt !! kvav !! dè !! cè !! nyiy !! sed !! plus !! cè !! tsuyoy !! cèn !! ma !! celente !! lyegá.d !! cì !! zaviná.d !! ìn !! ma !! cermón !! umhangz
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| | N || CONJ || N || V.PST || PREP || INTEROG.ADJ || PREP || ART || ADJ.NUM || V.PST || ADJ.COMP || ART || ADJ || ADV.DEM || ADJ.NUM || N || V.PST || ART || V.PST || PREP || ADJ.NUM || ADJ || N
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| | Boreas || and || Sun || dispute || about || which || of || the || two || be || more || the || strong || then || one || traveler || arrive || the || wrapped || in || one || warm || cloak
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| Onis cvevnuíd ìn càt kì cì gvonastel primum mènte acér càt cè celente gahtaanástense sù umhangz sestel cì renkeéd komò plus tsuyoy càn cè uhra.
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| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
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| ! Onis !! cvevnuí.d !! ìn !! càt !! kì !! cì !! gvona.ste.l !! primum !! mènte !! acér !! càt !! cè !! celente !! gahtaaná.ste.n.se !! sù !! umhangz !! sestel !! cì !! renkeé.d !! komò !! plus !! tsuyoy !! càn !! cè !! uhra
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| | 3PL || V.PST || PREP || CONJ.N || CONJ.REL || ART.PASS || V.SUBJ.FUT || ADJ || POSTP.ADV || V.INF || CONJ.N || ART || ADJ || V.SUBJ.PRS || 2SG.POSS || N || V.SUBJ.FUT || ART.PASS || V.PST || ADV.REL || ADJ.COM || ADJ || CONJ.COMP || ART || ADJ
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| | they || agreed || in || that || “that” || the || win || first || -ly || do || that || “the” || traveler || remove || her/his || cloak || be || the || recognize || like || more || strong || than || the || other
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| Cèn Vorrás uxlakéd namé tsuyoy mènte komò podéd, baot yeè plus uxlakéd, plus cè celente zavinadse ìn sù umhangz; èt Vorrás zodavatsyád ostatetxnye.
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| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
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| ! cèn !! Vorrás !! uxlakéd !! namé !! tsuyoy !! mènte !! komò !! podéd !! baot !! yeè !! plus !! uxlakéd !! plus !! cè !! celente !! zavinadse !! ìn !! sù !! umhangz !! èt !! Vorrás !! zodavatsyád !! ostatetxnye
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| | ADV.DEM || N || V.PST || ADV.COMP || STRONG || POSTP.ADV || ADV.REL || V.PST || CONJ.ADV || ADJ.REL || ADV.COMP || V.PST || ADJ.COMP || ART || N || V.PST.PRNL || PREP || 3SG.POSS || N || CONJ || N || V.PST || ADV
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| | then || Boreas || blow || so || strong || -ly || like || could/can || but || the more || more || blow || more || the || traveler || held || in || her/his || cloak || and || Boreas || give up || finally
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| |}
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| Cèn Raví akíd cermón mènte estátukvo cè celente gahtaanadse sù umhangz. Cèn cannig Vorrás akkeptáyd càt Raví sen plus cè tsuyoy dè nyiy onis.
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| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
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| ! cèn !! Raví !! akí.d !! cermón !! mènte !! estátukvo !! cè !! celente !! gahtaana.d.se !! sù !! umhangz
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| | ADV.DEM || N || V.PST || ADJ || POSTP.ADV || PURP || ART || ADJ || V.PST.PRNL || 3SG.POSS || N
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| | then || Sun || shine || warm || -ly || so that || the || traveler || take off || his/her || cloak
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| |}
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| <!-- Template area -->
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| [[Category:Arini]]
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| [[Category:Languages]]
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| [[Category:Auxlangs]]
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