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Line 3: Line 3:
| name = Ah Oka
| name = Ah Oka
| nativename = ‘ā ōka
| nativename = ‘ā ōka
| pronunciation = ʔaː o̞ːka
| pronunciation = ʔaː oːka
| ethnicity = Tipu Oka
| ethnicity = Tipu Oka
| creator = User:Jukethatbox
| creator = User:Jukethatbox
| created = 2024
| created = 2024
| fam1 = [[Sinatolean languages|Sinatolean]]
| fam1 = [[Sinatolean languages|Sinatolean]]
| fam2 = [[Sinatolean languages#Hauhau|Hauhau]]
| fam2 = [[Sinatolean languages#Hau-Hau|Hauhau]]
| ancestor1 = [[Proto-Sinatolean]]
| ancestor1 = [[Proto-Sinatolean]]
| ancestor2 = [[Hau-Hau|Himé Hauhau]]
| ancestor2 = [[Hau-Hau|Himé Hauhau]]
| notice = ipa
| notice = ipa
| script1 = Latn
| speakers = 1,000
| date = 2026
}}
}}
'''Ah Oka'''(''‘ā ōka'' [[Help:IPA|[ʔaː o̞ːka]]]) is a [[Sinatolean languages#Hauhau|Sinatolean Hauhau language]] spoken on Ka Oka(''kā ōka'') island in the Nelahgan Islands. It is the most spoken descendant of the ancient [[Hau-Hau]] language, which was the first Sinatolean language branch to diverge with the arrival of the T'pu Hau people on the Pukahau Archipelago of the Nelahgans.
'''Ah Oka''' (''‘ā ōka'' [[Help:IPA|[ʔaː oːka]]]) is a [[Sinatolean languages#Hau-Hau|Sinatolean Hauhau language]] spoken on Ka Oka (''kā ōka'') island in the Nelahgan Islands. It is the most spoken descendant of the ancient [[Hau-Hau]] language, with around 1,000 speakers as of 2026. The Hau-Hau branch was the first Sinatolean language branch to diverge with the arrival of the T'pu Hau people on the Pukahau Archipelago of the Nelahgans.


==Phonology==
==Phonology==
Line 24: Line 27:
|-
|-
! Nasal
! Nasal
| m || || ||
| m || n || ||
|-
|-
! Approximant
! Approximant
| w || l || ||
| w || l ||
|}
|}
===Vowels===
===Vowels===
Line 37: Line 40:
|-
|-
! Mid
! Mid
| || o̞ o̞ː
| || o oː
|-
|-
! Open
! Open
| a aː ||
| a aː ||
|}
|}
===Phonotactics===
Ah Oka's syllable structure is strictly '''(C)V(k)'''; /k/ is the only consonant that can appear in coda positions, and only in word-final positions. It appears in a fair amount of words however, such as {{l|aoka|tāk}} "young, new".
==Grammar==
==Grammar==
===Articles===
===Articles===
Line 47: Line 52:
Ah Oka preserves the ''pu'' plural article from [[Hau-Hau]], which itself its derived from the Proto-Sinatolean ''*-pu-'' infix. Singularity is not inflected.
Ah Oka preserves the ''pu'' plural article from [[Hau-Hau]], which itself its derived from the Proto-Sinatolean ''*-pu-'' infix. Singularity is not inflected.
====Demonstrative====
====Demonstrative====
Ah Oka has two demonstrative pronouns, which act as articles. Distance from the speaker is not inflected.
Ah Oka has four demonstrative pronouns, which act as articles.
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"
! Singular !! Plural
! !! Singular !! Plural
|-
|-
| ''ti'' || ''tu''
! This
| ''ti'' || ''tī''
|-
! That
| ''tu'' || ''tū''
|}
===Personal pronouns===
Singular personal pronouns in Ah Oka have [[w:Ergative-absolutive alignment|ergative-absolutive alignment]]; this is believed to have been preserved from all the way back in [[Proto-Sinatolean]], though it was dropped in all other Sinatolean descendant languages.
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"
! colspan=2 rowspan=2 | !! colspan=2 | Singular !! rowspan=2 | Plural
|-
! ergative !! absolutive
|-
! colspan=2 | First person
| ''la'' || ''lō'' || ''pula''
|-
! colspan=2 | Second person
| ''ki'' || ''‘ā'' || ''puā''
|-
! rowspan=2 | Third person
! inanimate
| rowspan=2 | ''mi'' || rowspan=2 | ''mā''/</br>''mō''|| ''pumi''
|-
! animate
| ''mā‘a''
|}


|}
==Example texts==
[[Category:Conlangs]] [[Category:Languages]] [[Category:Ah Oka]]
===Swadesh===
{{Swadesh
|language=Ah Oka
|nativename=‘ā ōka
|I=la
|you (singular)=ki
|he=mi
|we=pula
|you (plural)=puā
|they=mā‘a
|this=ti
|that=tu
|here=ti kā
|there=tu kā
|who=mūa
|what=mū mi
|where=mū kā
|when=mū tī‘a
|how=mū ‘um
|not=‘o
|all=kūkū
|many=kū
|some=‘o kū
|few=‘o kū
|other=‘o ti
|one=nuk
|two=pana
|three=nau
|four=owok
|five=‘ina
|big=pō
|long=pō
|wide=tiki
|thick=tiki
|heavy=tū‘u
|small=nini
|short=nini
|narrow=‘opō
|thin=‘opō
|woman=‘uwo
|man (adult male)=‘uku
|man (human being)=‘u
|child=nini
|wife=‘ukā
|husband=‘ukā
|mother=māmo
|father=pāpo
|animal=nukō
|fish=ti‘ō
|bird=ti‘ō ‘u‘alak
|dog=tila
|louse=kuna
|snake=apako
|worm=apako
|tree=ku
|forest=kū
|stick=luo
|fruit=lū
|seed=pok
|leaf=mili
|root=toko
|bark=lapa ‘uku
|flower=‘iku
|grass=‘īwan
|rope=nāla
|skin=lapa
|meat=ōi
|blood=ōnu
|bone=mikuā
|fat=no
|egg=‘ōko
|horn=
|tail=
|feather=
|hair=
|head=
|ear=
|eye=
|nose=
|mouth=
|tooth=
|tongue=
|fingernail=
|foot=
|leg=
|knee=
|hand=
|wing=
|belly=
|guts=
|neck=
|back=
|breast=
|heart=
|liver=
|drink=
|eat=
|bite=
|suck=
|spit=
|vomit=
|blow=
|breathe=
|laugh=
|see=
|hear=
|know=
|think=
|smell=
|fear=
|sleep=
|live=
|die=
|kill=
|fight=
|hunt=
|hit=
|cut=
|split=
|stab=
|scratch=
|dig=
|swim=
|fly=
|walk=
|come=
|lie=
|sit=
|stand=
|turn=
|fall=
|give=
|hold=
|squeeze=
|rub=
|wash=
|wipe=
|pull=
|push=
|throw=
|tie=
|sew=
|count=
|say=
|sing=
|play=
|float=
|flow=
|freeze=
|swell=
|sun=
|moon=
|star=
|water=
|rain=‘iko‘o
|river=
|lake=
|sea=
|salt=
|stone=
|sand=
|dust=
|earth=
|cloud=
|fog=
|sky=alak
|wind=
|snow=
|ice=
|smoke=
|fire=
|ashes=
|burn=
|road=
|mountain=
|red=
|green=
|yellow=
|white=
|black=
|night=
|day=
|year=
|warm=
|cold=
|full=
|new=tāk
|old=
|good=
|bad=
|rotten=
|dirty=
|straight=
|round=
|sharp=
|dull=
|smooth=
|wet=
|dry=
|correct=
|near=kati
|far=katu
|right=kā‘a
|left=kāmu
|at=
|in=
|with=‘a
|and=‘a
|if=‘ī
|because=
|name=
}}
[[Category:Conlangs]] [[Category:Languages]] [[Category:Ah Oka language]] [[Category:Sinatolean languages]]

Latest revision as of 21:27, 6 May 2026

Ah Oka
‘ā ōka
Pronunciation[ʔaː oːka]
Created byJukethatbox
Date2024
EthnicityTipu Oka
Native speakers1,000 (2026)
Early forms
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Ah Oka (‘ā ōka [ʔaː oːka]) is a Sinatolean Hauhau language spoken on Ka Oka (kā ōka) island in the Nelahgan Islands. It is the most spoken descendant of the ancient Hau-Hau language, with around 1,000 speakers as of 2026. The Hau-Hau branch was the first Sinatolean language branch to diverge with the arrival of the T'pu Hau people on the Pukahau Archipelago of the Nelahgans.

Phonology

Consonants

Labial Alveolar Velar Glottal
Plosive p t k ʔ
Nasal m n
Approximant w l

Vowels

Front Back
Close i iː u uː
Mid o oː
Open a aː

Phonotactics

Ah Oka's syllable structure is strictly (C)V(k); /k/ is the only consonant that can appear in coda positions, and only in word-final positions. It appears in a fair amount of words however, such as tāk "young, new".

Grammar

Articles

Number

Ah Oka preserves the pu plural article from Hau-Hau, which itself its derived from the Proto-Sinatolean *-pu- infix. Singularity is not inflected.

Demonstrative

Ah Oka has four demonstrative pronouns, which act as articles.

Singular Plural
This ti tī
That tu tū

Personal pronouns

Singular personal pronouns in Ah Oka have ergative-absolutive alignment; this is believed to have been preserved from all the way back in Proto-Sinatolean, though it was dropped in all other Sinatolean descendant languages.

Singular Plural
ergative absolutive
First person la lō pula
Second person ki ‘ā puā
Third person inanimate mi mā/
mō		 pumi
animate mā‘a

Example texts

Swadesh



No. English Ah Oka
0Ah Oka‘ā ōka
1Ila
2you (singular)ki
3hemi
4wepula
5you (plural)puā
6theymā‘a
7thisti
8thattu
9hereti kā
10theretu kā
11whomūa
12whatmū mi
13wheremū kā
14whenmū tī‘a
15howmū ‘um
16not‘o
17allkūkū
18manykū
19some‘o kū
20few‘o kū
21other‘o ti
22onenuk
23twopana
24threenau
25fourowok
26five‘ina
27bigpō
28longpō
29widetiki
30thicktiki
31heavytū‘u
32smallnini
33shortnini
34narrow‘opō
35thin‘opō
36woman‘uwo
37man (adult male)‘uku
38human being‘u
39childnini
40wife‘ukā
41husband‘ukā
42mothermāmo
43fatherpāpo
44animalnukō
45fishti‘ō
46birdti‘ō ‘u‘alak
47dogtila
48lousekuna
49snakeapako
50wormapako
51treeku
52forestkū
53stickluo
54fruitlū
55seedpok
56leafmili
57roottoko
58barklapa ‘uku
59flower‘iku
60grass‘īwan
61ropenāla
62skinlapa
63meatōi
64bloodōnu
65bonemikuā
66fatno
67egg‘ōko
68horn
69tail
70feather
71hair
72head
73ear
74eye
75nose
76mouth
77tooth
78tongue
79fingernail
80foot
81leg
82knee
83hand
84wing
85belly
86guts
87neck
88back
89breast
90heart
91liver
92drink
93eat
94bite
95suck
96spit
97vomit
98blow
99breathe
100laugh
101see
102hear
103know
104think
105smell
106fear
107sleep
108live
109die
110kill
111fight
112hunt
113hit
114cut
115split
116stab
117scratch
118dig
119swim
120fly
121walk
122come
123lie
124sit
125stand
126turn
127fall
128give
129hold
130squeeze
131rub
132wash
133wipe
134pull
135push
136throw
137tie
138sew
139count
140say
141sing
142play
143float
144flow
145freeze
146swell
147sun
148moon
149star
150water
151rain‘iko‘o
152river
153lake
154sea
155salt
156stone
157sand
158dust
159earth
160cloud
161fog
162skyalak
163wind
164snow
165ice
166smoke
167fire
168ash
169burn
170road
171mountain
172red
173green
174yellow
175white
176black
177night
178day
179year
180warm
181cold
182full
183newtāk
184old
185good
186bad
187rotten
188dirty
189straight
190round
191sharp
192dull
193smooth
194wet
195dry
196correct
197nearkati
198farkatu
199rightkā‘a
200leftkāmu
201at
202in
203with‘a
204and‘a
205if‘ī
206because
207name
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