User:Waahlis/Sketches: Difference between revisions
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| Line 85: | Line 85: | ||
===2. The Topic=== | ===2. The Topic=== | ||
{| cellpadding="4" style="line-height: 1em;" | |||
|+ | |||
<!-- Sentence --> | |||
| colspan="5"|'''Árás gáari.''' | |||
! | |||
| colspan="5"| '''Árá gáaris.''' | |||
! | |||
| colspan="6"|'''Árátsa gáaris''' | |||
|- | |||
<!-- Pronunciation--> | |||
| colspan="5"| /áɣa cáːɣɪs/ | |||
! | |||
| colspan="5"| /áɣas cáːɣɪ/ | |||
! | |||
| colspan="6"|/áɣatsa cáːɣɪs/ | |||
|- | |||
<!-- Morphemes--> | |||
|á- | |||
|rá | |||
| -s | |||
|gáar | |||
| -i | |||
! | |||
|á- | |||
|rá | |||
|gáar | |||
| -i- | |||
| -s | |||
! | |||
|á- | |||
|rá | |||
| tsa | |||
|gáar | |||
| -i | |||
| -s | |||
|- | |||
<!-- Gloss--> | |||
|{{sc|pres.perf.1.m.sg.}} | |||
|like | |||
|{{sc|topic}} | |||
|read | |||
|{{sc|.stat.rel.3.n.sg}} | |||
! | |||
|{{sc|pres.perf.1.m.sg.}} | |||
|like | |||
|read | |||
|{{sc|.stat.rel.3.n.sg}} | |||
|{{sc|topic}} | |||
! | |||
|{{sc|pres.perf.1.m.sg.}} | |||
|like | |||
|{{sc|neg.}} | |||
|read | |||
|{{sc|.stat.rel.3.n.sg}} | |||
|{{sc|topic}} | |||
|- | |||
<!-- Translations --> | |||
| colspan="5"| ''As for me, I like the book.'' | |||
! | |||
| colspan="5"| ''I like the BOOK.''<sup>1</sup> | |||
! | |||
| colspan="6"|''I DON'T like the book.'' | |||
|} | |||
# In English, one would stress the subject in the second sentence, I, but the book would still be the topic: "'''I''' don't like the book, but you do". | |||
===2.1 The Topic and Passivisation=== | ===2.1 The Topic and Passivisation=== | ||
===2.2 The Topic and Incorporation=== | ===2.2 The Topic and Incorporation=== | ||
===2.3 The Topic and the Relativiser=== | ===2.3 The Topic and the Relativiser=== | ||
Revision as of 10:27, 16 April 2013
On the Syntax and Topic of Tsan
1. Dynamic and Stative verbals
| Árá gáari. | Árá ágáari. | Árá ságáari. | |||||||||||||
| /áɣa cáːɣɪ/ | /áɣa acáːɣɪ/ | /áɣa sacáːɣɪ/ | |||||||||||||
| á- | rá | gáar | -i | á- | rá | á- | gáar | -i | á- | rá | sá- | gáar | -i | ||
| dyn.pres.perf.1.m.sg. | like | read | .stat.rel.3.n.sg |
|
dyn.pres.perf.1.m.sg. | like | dyn.pres.perf.1.m.sg. | read | .rel |
|
dyn.pres.perf.1.m.sg. | like | dyn.pres.perf.2.m.sg. | read | .rel |
| I like the book. | I like when I read. (I like to read) | I like when you read. | |||||||||||||
2. The Topic
| Árás gáari. | Árá gáaris. | Árátsa gáaris | |||||||||||||||
| /áɣa cáːɣɪs/ | /áɣas cáːɣɪ/ | /áɣatsa cáːɣɪs/ | |||||||||||||||
| á- | rá | -s | gáar | -i | á- | rá | gáar | -i- | -s | á- | rá | tsa | gáar | -i | -s | ||
| pres.perf.1.m.sg. | like | topic | read | .stat.rel.3.n.sg |
|
pres.perf.1.m.sg. | like | read | .stat.rel.3.n.sg | topic |
|
pres.perf.1.m.sg. | like | neg. | read | .stat.rel.3.n.sg | topic |
| As for me, I like the book. | I like the BOOK.1 | I DON'T like the book. | |||||||||||||||
- In English, one would stress the subject in the second sentence, I, but the book would still be the topic: "I don't like the book, but you do".