Castithan: Difference between revisions

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{{construction}}
{{Infobox language
|name="Castithan"
|nativename=kastithanu
|pronunciation = /kasti'θanu/
|ethnicity = Castithans
|familycolor = Language isolate
|fam1 = Proto-Castithan
|fam2 = Old Castithan
|ancestor = Old Castithan
|creator = [[w:David J. Peterson|David J. Peterson]]
|created = ca. 2011
|setting = Daribo/Earth
|script = Castithan, Latin
}}
'''Castithan''' is the language created by [[w:David J. Peterson|David J. Peterson]] for the Castithan race in the world of the [[w:Defiance_(TV_series)|TV series Defiance]]. It is a working language with its own vocabulary, grammar, phonology and writing system and currently it has grown from 1400 or so words<ref>[http://www.dothraki.com/2013/01/akat-dalen-senthi Dothraki.com ''Akat Dalen Senthi!'', Jan. 2, 2013.]</ref> to over 2100 words<ref>[https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/382575141818871808 Twitter @Dedalvs, Sept. 24, 2013.]</ref> over 2013. It stands with [[Irathient]] as one of the two main usable alien languages of Defiance.
'''Castithan''' is the language created by [[w:David J. Peterson|David J. Peterson]] for the Castithan race in the world of the [[w:Defiance_(TV_series)|TV series Defiance]]. It is a working language with its own vocabulary, grammar, phonology and writing system and currently it has grown from 1400 or so words<ref>[http://www.dothraki.com/2013/01/akat-dalen-senthi Dothraki.com ''Akat Dalen Senthi!'', Jan. 2, 2013.]</ref> to over 2100 words<ref>[https://twitter.com/Dedalvs/status/382575141818871808 Twitter @Dedalvs, Sept. 24, 2013.]</ref> over 2013. It stands with [[Irathient]] as one of the two main usable alien languages of Defiance.


Castithan is a [[w:fusional language|fusional language]] lightly inflectional tending towards [[w:isolating typology|isolating typology]]. The language is predominantly head-final with a strict subject–object–verb order. It can inflect for topicality, object and subject and is mostly [[w:Pro-drop language|pro-drop]]. In combination to these the language uses a set of particles, much like Japanese, which are described below, with verbs being fairly easy to conjugate. Verbs can be either stative or dynamic, an important distinction is made between the two in the language.<ref>[http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/37747912502/what-are-the-major-differences-between-the-defiance Tumblr, Imeimei, Dec. 11, 2012.]</ref>
=Phonology=
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 660px; text-align:center;"
! style="width: 68px; "|
! style="width: 68px; " |Bilabial
! style="width: 68px; " |Dental
! style="width: 68px; " |Alveolar
! style="width: 68px; " |Palatal
! style="width: 68px; " |Velar
! style="width: 68px; " |Glottal
|-
! style="" |Nasal Stop
| m
| n
|
|
|
|
|-
! style="" |Oral Stop
| p b
| t d
|
| ch [tʃ] j [dʒ]
| k g
|
|-
! style="" |Fricative
| f v
| θ
| s z
| sh [ʃ] zh [ʒ]
|
| h
|-
! style="" |Approximant
|
|
|
| y
| w
| 
|-
! style="" |Liquid
|
|
| l r
|
|
|
 
|}
 
=Morphology=
 
Castithan is a [[w:fusional language|fusional language]] lightly inflectional tending towards [[w:isolating typology|isolating typology]]. The language is predominantly [[w:head-final|head-final]] with a strict subject–object–verb order. It can inflect for topicality, object and subject and is mostly [[w:Pro-drop language|pro-drop]]. In combination to these the language uses a set of particles, much like Japanese, which are described below, with verbs being fairly easy to conjugate. Verbs can be either stative or dynamic, an important distinction is made between the two in the language.<ref>[http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/37747912502/what-are-the-major-differences-between-the-defiance Tumblr, Imeimei, Dec. 11, 2012.]</ref>
 
==Word Order: head final==
 
The word order in Castithan is strictly head-final often represented as subject–object–verb or SOV. This means that, unlike English, the head of the sentence will go last. Compare this sentence and its English translation:
 
:'''Noraka do deta'''
:{{sc|2nd}}.{{sc|pers}} {{sc|obj}} love
:''I love you''
 
If you had to explicitly mark the subject you would do it by means of another particle different than ''do''. Hence:
 
:'''Nevitsa re noraka do deta'''
:{{sc|1st}}.{{sc|pers}} {{sc|subj}} {{sc|2nd}}.{{sc|pers}} {{sc|obj}} love
:''I love you''
 
However you can change the word order for emphasis such as in the sentence «You, I love». In the case of Castithan the new emphasized word would have to go with the topic marking particle ''ksa'':
 
:'''Pawa ksa zwasitsa re zwasa'''
:pow-{{sc|dir}} {{sc|top}} cook-{{sc|dir}} {{sc|subj}} cook-{{sc|pres}}
:''The cook is heating the pow''
 
Note that particles and inflection will change meanings depending on whether the verb is stative or dynamic<ref name="Stative/Dynamic">[http://dedalvs.tumblr.com/post/69828050015/i-know-you-must-have-tons-of-stuff-in-your-ask-box Tumblr, Imeimei, Dec. 12, 2013]</ref>. This will be discussed below.
 
==Inflection==
===Adjectives===
===Nouns===
===Verbs===
 
==Particles==
 


=References=
=References=
<references/>
<references/>

Latest revision as of 14:16, 15 November 2016


"Castithan"
kastithanu
Pronunciation[/kasti'θanu/]
Created byDavid J. Peterson
Dateca. 2011
SettingDaribo/Earth
EthnicityCastithans
Proto-Castithan
  • Old Castithan
    • "Castithan"
Early form
Old Castithan

Castithan is the language created by David J. Peterson for the Castithan race in the world of the TV series Defiance. It is a working language with its own vocabulary, grammar, phonology and writing system and currently it has grown from 1400 or so words[1] to over 2100 words[2] over 2013. It stands with Irathient as one of the two main usable alien languages of Defiance.

Phonology

Bilabial Dental Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal Stop m n
Oral Stop p b t d ch [tʃ] j [dʒ] k g
Fricative f v θ s z sh [ʃ] zh [ʒ] h
Approximant y w
Liquid l r

Morphology

Castithan is a fusional language lightly inflectional tending towards isolating typology. The language is predominantly head-final with a strict subject–object–verb order. It can inflect for topicality, object and subject and is mostly pro-drop. In combination to these the language uses a set of particles, much like Japanese, which are described below, with verbs being fairly easy to conjugate. Verbs can be either stative or dynamic, an important distinction is made between the two in the language.[3]

Word Order: head final

The word order in Castithan is strictly head-final often represented as subject–object–verb or SOV. This means that, unlike English, the head of the sentence will go last. Compare this sentence and its English translation:

Noraka do deta
2nd.pers obj love
I love you

If you had to explicitly mark the subject you would do it by means of another particle different than do. Hence:

Nevitsa re noraka do deta
1st.pers subj 2nd.pers obj love
I love you

However you can change the word order for emphasis such as in the sentence «You, I love». In the case of Castithan the new emphasized word would have to go with the topic marking particle ksa:

Pawa ksa zwasitsa re zwasa
pow-dir top cook-dir subj cook-pres
The cook is heating the pow

Note that particles and inflection will change meanings depending on whether the verb is stative or dynamic[4]. This will be discussed below.

Inflection

Adjectives

Nouns

Verbs

Particles

References

  1. ^ Dothraki.com Akat Dalen Senthi!, Jan. 2, 2013.
  2. ^ Twitter @Dedalvs, Sept. 24, 2013.
  3. ^ Tumblr, Imeimei, Dec. 11, 2012.
  4. ^ Tumblr, Imeimei, Dec. 12, 2013
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