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User:Chrysophylax/Skājamāl/Writeup: Difference between revisions
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===Prosody=== | ===Prosody=== | ||
====Stress==== | ====Stress==== | ||
Stress is usually found on root syllables of words (root accentuation principle); usually this is the first syllable in a word, e.g. '' | Stress is usually found on root syllables of words (root accentuation principle); usually this is the first syllable in a word, e.g. '''''hwá'''''-''záh'', '''''wan'''''-''sás''. In compounds, the first element receives primary stress regularly according to the root accentuation principle, the following element receives a slightly weaker secondary stress, e.g. '''''hrá'''ri'''wi'''nih''. This is however not true with verbal compounds - the stress falls then on the first syllable of the verbal element. | ||
===Morphophonology=== | ===Morphophonology=== | ||
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=====Short vowel deletion===== | =====Short vowel deletion===== | ||
A process of reduction and deletion of vowels occurs occasionally in polysyllabic words with any syllable flanking the stressed one being most reduced. This is a highly register-dependent process with the most common daily speech evidencing this heavily (40-60% of speech forms undergoing reduction) when compared to the ritual language where its incidence is near zero. In certain words, the process can take rather extreme forms, such as ''hwarha-hwiwalsá'' → ''hwarhwilsá'' ‘moth’ with both «wa» and «ha» syllables being deleted, aggressively reducing the syllable count down to three. | |||
=====Consonant simplification===== | =====Consonant simplification===== | ||
====Historical phonological rules==== | ====Historical phonological rules==== | ||
=====Rhotacisation===== | =====Rhotacisation===== | ||
The early Skájamál ''s'' in intervocalic position was voiced | The early Skájamál ''s'' in intervocalic position was voiced to ''z'', which changed to ''r'' except in those cases where an adjacent syllable already contained an ''r'', e.g. MSK. ''ekozana'' → ''ekorana'' but ''mázér'' → ''mázér''. | ||
=====Siever's law===== | =====Siever's law===== | ||
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Here serving as the accusative of motion to a place | Here serving as the accusative of motion to a place | ||
:''''' | :'''''Anglalanná''' tá hwaris'' | ||
:To England.{{sc|acc}} you go. | :To England.{{sc|acc}} you go. | ||
Finally, it can be used to express spatial and temporal relations. | Finally, it can be used to express spatial and temporal relations. | ||
:''sa búráze | :''sa búráze Anglalannán '''srinn ménárunn''''' | ||
:He lived in England three months.{{sc|acc}} | :He lived in England three months.{{sc|acc}} | ||
====Dative==== | ====Dative==== | ||
The dative is used to denote the second target argument of many verbs and is used for the comparative construction. | |||
The regular use | |||
:''évájk '''astí''' lamhah'' | |||
:I give guest.{{sc|dat}} lamb.{{sc|acc}} | |||
:I give the guest a lamb. | |||
The dative of comparison | |||
:''hrárínín aziupirá Wáran '''séma''' wah'' | |||
:In wisdom the deeper Odin ''them''.{{sc|dat}} was | |||
:In wisdom the greater of them was Odin | |||
====Genitive==== | ====Genitive==== | ||
====Instrumental==== | ====Instrumental==== | ||