Roshterian/Proto-Roshterian: Difference between revisions

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Old Irish-style absolute-conjunct: How is it realized?  
Old Irish-style absolute-conjunct: How is it realized?  
[How did Old Roshterian penultimate stress arise? Is this allomorphy independent from the Old Eevo one or do these things share a common origin in Proto-Talmic?]
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=" text-align: center;"
|+ Verb stress patterns in Pre-Roshterian [before stress shift]?
|-
! style="width: 90px;" |
!  style="width: 100px;" | -1 (preverb)
! style="width: 100px;" | 0
! style="width: 100px;" | 1
!  style="width: 100px;" | 2
|-
! Absolute
| ''-'' || '''primary''' || unstressed || unstressed
|-
! Conjunct
| unstressed || '''primary''' || unstressed || unstressed
|}


{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=" text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=" text-align: center;"
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|-
|-
! style="width: 90px;" |  
! style="width: 90px;" |  
! style="width: 100px;" | Preverb
! style="width: 100px;" | -3
! style="width: 100px;" | -3
! style="width: 100px;" | -2
! style="width: 100px;" | -2
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|-
|-
! Absolute
! Absolute
| unstressed || '''secondary''' || '''primary''' || unstressed  
| NO || unstressed || '''secondary''' || '''primary''' || unstressed  
|-
|-
! Conjunct
! Conjunct
| '''secondary''' || unstressed|| '''primary''' || unstressed
| YES || '''secondary''' || unstressed|| '''primary''' || unstressed
|}
|}


Revision as of 01:22, 17 November 2017

Old Roshterian is the reconstructed intermediate stage between Proto-Talmic and Roshterian. It was spoken approximately at the same time Thensarian was spoken.

  • stress shift to penultimate (endings have not dropped completely yet)
    • yields Modern Roshterian ultimate stress
  • Old Irishy allomorphy
  • ā > iə

Some words

  • φlat-nəm "seed" > Old Roshterian *ḽatnə > laaṉ "child (offspring)"
  • tekts "child" > Old Roshterian *tejṱ, tejs- > ṯeit, ṯeis- "child (young human)"
  • bonditejṱiə, bondejṱiə, bnejṱiə "child-bearer, child-rearer, babysitter" > breit, breiti- "woman"
  • soliθe > OR höḽiṱe "5" > helit, lite-
  • kabnənts > OR kabrəṋs "woman" > (lost)
  • snuwem "round" > OR nǖ "fat" > ṉii "big"
  • mārom "tree" > OR miəro "tree" > miar
  • dēdī > dēdii "tears" > ḏeeḏ
  • gwaθwā > baṱu "throat" > batu
  • nā > ṋiə "I" > nia
  • som, sam > hum "he"
  • sausmam > hauma "moon" > hoom
  • sk, st > ść, st > OR sṱ, st > st, s̱ṯ
  • Final -r has been deleted in endings

Phonology

Vowels

a e i o u ə ö ü ē ī ō ū ȫ ǖ iə uə aj ej öj uj iw

ȫ > aa in later Roshterian; aa also emerges from CL

Consonants

Labial Dental Alveolar Medial Palatal Velar Uvular Glottal
Nasal *m *ṋ *n
Plosive voiceless *p *ṱ *t *k *q
voiced *b *ḓ *d *g
Fricative voiceless *s *σ *h
voiced *ζ *ʁ
Resonant *w *ḽ *l, *r *y

Stress

Penultimate stress. (becomes ultimate stress in Roshterian after final vowels are deleted)

Morphology

Nouns

Case? Maybe just absolute/construct

ḽatnə 'seed'
Construct Singular Plural
ḽatnai ḽatnə hēḽatnə

Verbs

Verbs have absolute and conjunct stems, much like in Old Irish. With a preverb or an incorporandum (incorporated noun stem), the conjunct form is used.

Old Irish-style absolute-conjunct: How is it realized?

Verb stress patterns in Pre-Roshterian [immediately after stress shift]
Preverb -3 -2 -1 (penult) 0 (ultimate)
Absolute NO unstressed secondary primary unstressed
Conjunct YES secondary unstressed primary unstressed

Pronouns

Singular Plural
1 *ṋiə *iəm
1 + 2 ???
2 *wēr ???
3 (masculine) *hum ???
3 (feminine) *hī
3 (inanimate) *he
4 (obviative) *pī
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