Haoli: Difference between revisions
Line 230: | Line 230: | ||
*Words ending in gh, n, r, j, l, lh, v, s, g, h, f, and dh are masculine when preceded by a or u. | *Words ending in gh, n, r, j, l, lh, v, s, g, h, f, and dh are masculine when preceded by a or u. | ||
=== | ===Plurals=== | ||
====Regular Plurals==== | |||
*- | *-ec | ||
====Ablaut Plurals==== | |||
* | *o > e | ||
* | *a > i | ||
===Declension=== | ===Declension=== |
Revision as of 10:02, 19 November 2017
Haoli | |
---|---|
Haoli | |
Pronunciation | [[Help:IPA|ha.ɔ.li]] |
Created by | iancgil |
Proto-Haoli
| |
Introduction
Haoli is the language spoken by the Haonai.
Phonology
Consonants
Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Post Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plosive | Normal | voiceless | p /p/ | t /t/ | k /k/ | |||||
voiced | d /d/ | g /g/ | ||||||||
Lengthened | voiceless | pp /pː/ | tt /tː/ | kk /kː/ | ||||||
voiced | dd /dː/ | gg /gː/ | ||||||||
Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | nj /ɲ/ | nh /ŋ/ | ||||||
Trill | Normal | r /r/ | ||||||||
Aspirated | rh /rʰ/ | |||||||||
Fricative | Normal | voiceless | f /f/ | th /θ/ | s /s/ | ş /ʃ/ | h /h/ | |||
voiced | mh /β/ | dh /ð/ | gh /ɣ/ | |||||||
Lengthened | voiceless | ff /fː/ | ss /sː/ | |||||||
voiced | vv /vː/ | |||||||||
Aspirated | vh /vʰ/ | |||||||||
Lateral Fricative | lh /ɬ/ | |||||||||
Approximant | j /j/ | |||||||||
Lateral Approximant | l /l/ |
Vowels
Front | Back | ||
---|---|---|---|
Close | short | i /i/ | |
long | ii /iː/ | ||
Open-Mid | short | e /ɛ/ u /œ/ | o /ɔ/ |
long | ee /ɛː/ uu /œː/ | oo /ɔː/ | |
Open | short | a /a/ | |
long | aa /aː/ |
Orthography
Native Orthography
Morphology
Nouns
Gender
Gender in Haoli pertains to how the plural is formed as well as how it is declined. Haoli articles do have gender agreement with the constituent noun.
Neuter Endings
- Words ending in i, o, th, and ş are always neuter.
- Words ending in gh, n, r, j, l, lh, v, s, g, h, f, and dh are neuter when preceded by i or o.
Feminine Endings
- Words ending in e, p, k, m, mh, and rh are always feminine.
- Words ending in gh, n, r, j, l, lh, v, s, g, h, f, and dh are feminine when preceded by e.
Masculine Endings
- Words ending in a, u, and nh are always masculine.
- Words ending in gh, n, r, j, l, lh, v, s, g, h, f, and dh are masculine when preceded by a or u.
Plurals
Regular Plurals
- -ec
Ablaut Plurals
- o > e
- a > i
Declension
Basic Cases
Class of Case | Case | English Approximation | Neuter | Feminine | Masculine | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | Mass Plural | Singular | Plural | Mass Plural | Singular | Plural | Mass Plural | |||
Grammatical | Nominative | cat | |||||||||
Accusative | cat | ||||||||||
Non-Grammatical | Dative | for/because of the cat | |||||||||
Malefactive | against/opposed to the cat | ||||||||||
Adverbial | cattily | ||||||||||
Vocative | Cat (name) | ||||||||||
Contrastive | as compared to the cat | ||||||||||
Genitive | of cat/about cat/cat's |
Oblique
Class of Case | Case | English Approximation | Neuter | Feminine | Masculine | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | Mass Plural | Singular | Plural | Mass Plural | Singular | Plural | Mass Plural | |||
Oblique | Translative | to being a cat | |||||||||
Exessive | from being a cat | ||||||||||
Essive | as being a cat/like a cat | ||||||||||
Instrumental | by use of the cat/with cat | ||||||||||
Prolative | by way of the cat |
Locative
Class of Case | Case | English Approximation | Neuter | Feminine | Masculine | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | Mass Plural | Singular | Plural | Mass Plural | Singular | Plural | Mass Plural | |||
Internal Locative | Inessive | inside the cat | |||||||||
Hyperessive | deep inside the cat | ||||||||||
Illative | into the cat | ||||||||||
Hyperlative | deep into the cat | ||||||||||
Elative | from inside the cat | ||||||||||
Hyper-elative | from deep inside the cat | ||||||||||
Supraperlative | throughout the cat | ||||||||||
Hyperlative | all throughout the cat | ||||||||||
Perlative | through the cat | ||||||||||
Traversal Locative | Lative | towards the cat, catbound | |||||||||
Superlative | onto the cat | ||||||||||
Prosecutive | along the cat | ||||||||||
Terminative | until the cat (is reached) | ||||||||||
Exodal Locative | Ablative | away from the cat | |||||||||
Antessive | far from the cat | ||||||||||
Delative | off/down from the cat | ||||||||||
Eblative | (sourced) from the cat | ||||||||||
Relational Locative | Superessive | on (top of) the cat | |||||||||
Supraessive | above/over the cat | ||||||||||
Comitative | (together) with the cat | ||||||||||
Pertingent | touching/adjacent to the cat | ||||||||||
Apudessive | next to/beside the cat | ||||||||||
Enclosive | on either side of the cat | ||||||||||
Forbative | in front of the cat | ||||||||||
Locative | nearby/not far from the cat | ||||||||||
Bative | behind the cat | ||||||||||
Transversive | beyond the cat | ||||||||||
Circumfrentive | surrounded by cat | ||||||||||
Situative | wrapped in cat | ||||||||||
Abessive | without the cat | ||||||||||
Intrative | between the cat | ||||||||||
Subessive | under the cat |
Temporal
Class of Case | Case | English Approximation | Neuter | Feminine | Masculine | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | Mass Plural | Singular | Plural | Mass Plural | Singular | Plural | Mass Plural | |||
Temporal | Temporal | at the time of the cat | |||||||||
Temporal-Lative | since the time of the cat | ||||||||||
Temporal-Hyper-Transversive | long after the time of the cat | ||||||||||
Temporal-Terminative | up until the time of the cat | ||||||||||
Temporal-Hyperbative | long before the time of the cat |
Verbs
Conjugation
EG Verbs
Present | Imperfect | Future | Pluperfect | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative | -e | -ae | -ee | -eu |
Interrogative | -emen | -aemen | -eeme | -eume |
Subjunctive | -elhet | -aelhe | -eelhe | -eulhe |
Conditional | -er | -aer | -eer | -eur |
Imperative | -esse | -aesse | -eesse | -eusse |
Jussive | -jeth | -jaeth | -jeeth | -jeuth |
Optative | -peje | -paeje | -peeje | -peuje |
Quotative | -kev | -kaev | -keev | -keuv |
IG Verbs
Present | Imperfect | Future | Pluperfect | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative | -i | -ai | -ii | -iu |
Interrogative | -imin | -aimin | -iimin | -iumin |
Subjunctive | -ilhit | -ailhi | -iilhi | -iulhi |
Conditional | -ir | -air | -iir | -iur |
Imperative | -issi | -aissi | -iissi | -iussi |
Jussive | -jith | -jaith | -jiith | -jiuth |
Optative | -piji | -paiji | -piiji | -piuji |
Quotative | -kiv | -kaiv | -kiiv | -kiuv |
GE Verbs
Present | Imperfect | Future | Pluperfect | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative | -a | -oe | -aa | -au |
Interrogative | -amen | -oeme | -aame | -aume |
Subjunctive | -alhet | -oelhe | -aalhe | -aulhe |
Conditional | -ar | -oer | -aar | -aur |
Imperative | -asse | -oesse | -aasse | -ausse |
Jussive | -jath | -joeth | -jaath | -jauth |
Optative | -paje | -poeje | -paaje | -pauje |
Quotative | -kav | -koev | -kaav | -kauv |
Irregular Verb: "el"
Present | Imperfect | Future | Pluperfect | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative | ele | elae | elee | eleu |
Interrogative | elem | elaem | eleem | eleum |
Subjunctive | elelh | elaelh | eleelh | eleulh |
Conditional | eler | elaer | eleer | eleur |
Imperative | eless | elaess | eleess | eleuss |
Jussive | eljeth | eljaeth | eljeeth | eljeuth |
Optative | elpej | elpaej | elpeej | elpeuj |
Quotative | elkev | elkaev | elkeev | elkeuv |
Syntax
Word Order Tatuara
Sentence Order
Tatur | English Translation | Word Order |
---|---|---|
Van Hauladh Tatur | The Symmetric Form | V-O-S-CONJ-S-O-V |
Van Isatadh Tatur | The Egocentric/Dominant/Impolite Form | S-V-O |
Van Roisatadh Tatur | The Non-Egocentric/Submissive/Polit Form | O-V-S |
Van Aramaadh Tatur | The Lovely/Romantic Form | V-O-S |
Van Usonadh Tatur | The Structured/School/Instructive Form | V-S-O |
Modifier Order
The Basic Forms | ||
---|---|---|
Tatur | English Translation | Word Order |
Van Pitadh Tatur | The Elegant Form | Preceding Modifier |
Van Rasadh Tatur | The Common Form | Proceeding Modifier |
The Complex Forms
Van Jamadh Muutaadh Tatur
Simple Alternating Form
(V-Adv) (Adj-N) (N-Adj)
- Can start with either Elegant or Common Form
- Modifying constituents always follow Elegant or Common Form exclusively
Van Aramaadh Muutaadh Tatur
The Romantic Alternating Form
(V-Adv) (Adj-S) (O-Adj)
- Always begins with Common Form
- Modifying constituents follow their main constituent’s Form
Van Tistaadh Muutaadh Tatur
The Pure Alternating Form
This form can start with either form and proceeding constituent always alternates form.
Van Jamadh Muutaadh Hauladh Tatur
The Simple Alternating Symmetric Form
The first half sets the order for both halves.
Van Tistaadh Hauladh Tatur
The Pure Symmetric Form
The first half's order is the opposite of second half.
Van Rotaturadh Tatur
The Unordered Form
This form has no set order.
Vaun Runadh Tatuara je'Usonu
The Poetic/Artistic/Passionate Forms and Structures
Vaun Uniadh Tatuara The Rhyme/Repetetive/Metered Forms | ||
---|---|---|
Van Jamadh Tatur | The Simple Form | AABB |
Van Hauladh Tatur | The Symmetric Form | ABBA |
Van Muutadh Tatur | The Alternating Form | ABAB |
Van Rohauladh Tautur | The Assymetric Forms | ABCB, ABBB, ABBC, ABAC, ABCD, ... |
Voan Runadh Usonu The Poetic Structures | ||
---|---|---|
Haoli Term | English Translation | Forms Used in Structure |
Von Pitadh je’Rasadh Uson | The Modifier Structure | Pitadh, Rasadh |
Von Iatadh je’Roiatadh Uson | The Register/Tone/Politeness Structure | Iatadh, Roiatadh |
Von Muutaadh je’Hauladh Uson | The Symmetry and Alternation Structure | Muutaadh, Hauladh |
Sample Texts
Voan Dhuleadh Ghotha
The Submission Scriptures
Voan Dhuleadh Ghotha are the sacred holy scriptures of the Haonai believed to be the verbatim words of their divine creator, Adhhi, given to their prophets over time via supernatural messengers known as Vean Idefthena.
Text
Elmunthenadh kasia eithi ADHHI: Farar jue’lipir an: Ven Sarlejthenere je’Von Muutasikroere je’Ven Kokere je’Ven Kokkukere je’Von Resroere je’Ven Pitrhetere je’Von Kujsikroere je’Von Elmunroere je’Von Firinere eithi ian:
Van elmunul kujge van arinhoaere eithi eduka nagfuge je’risese eduere eless: Kasia van arinhoaese kasake eith eless ADHHI: Van arinhoaese eith eless eithi dhule je’eithi firin je’eithi eith ADHHI-adh lathul je’eithi harge firinadh sarere: ADHHI-ere eduka dhuleesse jia’Von Resroere eithi ian: Ianroere dhuleeg nho’taturhias ADHHI-ere dhulee eithi eith arinhoaroul: Dhuleroul eduese ro lathi an ADHHI: Arinhoaroere dhuleroi arinhoa isjo’dhualerothenere dhuleroi ADHHI: Ianadh elmunul ADHHI-ere ro nagfuamen an kasi:
Translation
ADHHI is your creator. Quake, but do not fear due to untrust. We are The Giver of Refuge, The Unchanging, The Always, The Everywhere, The Undivided, The Longlasting, The Unformable, The Uncreated, The Truth.
To create in the creation is only to see the light and, by it, be moved. ADHHI commands you to be moved by the light. To be moved by the light is dhule and is truth and is to be in the presesnce of ADHHI and is to have real refuge. Submit only to ADHHI for We are The Undivided. To submit to other than We, with the same form as you submit to ADHHI, is to be in the darkness. For one in rejection, ADHHI is not present. light rejects darkness, so ADHHI rejects rejectors. You see not ADHHI in Our creation?