Trây: Difference between revisions
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'''Trây''' /trɑj/ is a Vietnamese- and German-inspired descendant of | {{IE}} | ||
'''Trây''' /trɑj/ (natively ''prits Trây''; Windermere: ''brits Dray'') is a Vietnamese-, Bavarian-, and Swiss German-inspired descendant of [[Windermere/Classical|Classical Windermere]]. It is official in Venh Trây. | |||
==Todo== | |||
==Diachronics== | |||
Final -r vocalizes to -a as in Boarisch | |||
p-, t- > b-, đ-; b, d > p, t | p-, t- > b-, đ-; b, d > p, t | ||
Initial ph th kh from clusters/minor syllables + p t c | |||
y, w > d, v | y, w > d, v | ||
HGCS on final consonants | HGCS on final consonants: -p -t -k -f -th -ch > -f -tz -ch -p -t -c | ||
Chain shift: -l > -ng > -nh? | |||
-t > -ch after i, y, ê, e, a | |||
e, o, ea, oa > e, o, iê, uô | e, o, ea, oa > e, o, iê, uô | ||
Line 13: | Line 25: | ||
ü, üe > y, y | ü, üe > y, y | ||
Numbers: tuôn, | Numbers: tuôn, rât, stêu, smac, myts, đâc, puôt, seb, luôi, thâp, zădau, sryc | ||
svâc = mouth | svâc = mouth | ||
Line 19: | Line 31: | ||
scăy = forest | scăy = forest | ||
prith > | sci = star | ||
prith > prêt 'autumn' | |||
hălsieth > hozit 'warmth' | |||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
''m n ng'' | Nasals: ''m n ng'' /m n ŋ/ | ||
''p t c ''' /p t k ʔ/ (unaspirated) | Plain stops: ''p t c ''' /p t k ʔ/ (unaspirated) | ||
''b đ'' / | Implosives: ''b đ'' /ɓ ɗ/ | ||
''ph th kh'' / | Affricates: ''ph th ts tx kh'' /pf ts̪ ts̺ tʃ kχ/ | ||
'' | Voiceless fricatives: ''f z s x ch'' /f s̪ s̺ ʃ χ/ | ||
'' | Voiced fricatives: ''v d g'' /v ð ɣ/ | ||
'' | Liquids: ''r l'' /r l/ | ||
===Vowels=== | |||
ă a â e ê i y o ô u /ə æ ɑ ɛ e i i ɔ o u/ | |||
iê uô /iə uə/ | |||
ai ây ăi oy ôy au âu ău eu êu iêu iêi uôi | |||
aa âa ea êa ia ya oa ôa ua (iêa, uôa > ia, ua) | |||
y is still /y/ for older speakers. | |||
==Grammar== | |||
===Auxiliaries=== | |||
====Tense auxiliaries==== | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | |||
|- | |||
!| | |||
!I!!thou!!he!!she!!it!!we (exc.)!!we (inc.)!!you (pl.)!!they | |||
|- | |||
!|''mo'' (present) | |||
|''moa''||''mos''||''mon''||''moz''||''mot''||''mots''||''mop''||''moy''||''mam'' | |||
|- | |||
!|''chiê'' (past) | |||
|''chia''||''chiês''||''chiên''||''chiêz''||''chiêt''||''chiêts''||''chiêp''||''chiêi''||''chiêm'' | |||
|- | |||
!|''be'' (future) | |||
|''bea''||''bes''||''benh''||''bez''||''bet''||''bets''||''bep''||''băi''||''bem'' | |||
|} | |||
Emphatic auxiliaries: moa ri, mos sen, mon in ... | |||
=== | ==Sample text== | ||
===UDHR, Article 1=== | |||
TODO: This is just Modern Wdm with Trây sound changes | |||
Chiêm tsoa crot ăxiêl plum te thya mêz hongtlâz tez imsên. Mâm hach răphângy dâz hongpăthên tez hongslit'â, te mot pđaa thunuô sâm tăze phituôn măciêp năthâ mêz xăgoa châsrap. | |||
/kχiəm tsɔɐ̯ krɔts əʃiəŋ pɴum tɛ θyɐ̯ mes .../ | |||
[[Category:Germanic languages]] | |||
Latest revision as of 05:05, 28 September 2021
Trây /trɑj/ (natively prits Trây; Windermere: brits Dray) is a Vietnamese-, Bavarian-, and Swiss German-inspired descendant of Classical Windermere. It is official in Venh Trây.
Todo
Diachronics
Final -r vocalizes to -a as in Boarisch
p-, t- > b-, đ-; b, d > p, t
Initial ph th kh from clusters/minor syllables + p t c
y, w > d, v
HGCS on final consonants: -p -t -k -f -th -ch > -f -tz -ch -p -t -c
Chain shift: -l > -ng > -nh?
-t > -ch after i, y, ê, e, a
e, o, ea, oa > e, o, iê, uô
i, u, ie, ua > ê, ô, i, u
ü, üe > y, y
Numbers: tuôn, rât, stêu, smac, myts, đâc, puôt, seb, luôi, thâp, zădau, sryc
svâc = mouth
scăy = forest
sci = star
prith > prêt 'autumn'
hălsieth > hozit 'warmth'
Phonology
Consonants
Nasals: m n ng /m n ŋ/
Plain stops: p t c ' /p t k ʔ/ (unaspirated)
Implosives: b đ /ɓ ɗ/
Affricates: ph th ts tx kh /pf ts̪ ts̺ tʃ kχ/
Voiceless fricatives: f z s x ch /f s̪ s̺ ʃ χ/
Voiced fricatives: v d g /v ð ɣ/
Liquids: r l /r l/
Vowels
ă a â e ê i y o ô u /ə æ ɑ ɛ e i i ɔ o u/
iê uô /iə uə/
ai ây ăi oy ôy au âu ău eu êu iêu iêi uôi
aa âa ea êa ia ya oa ôa ua (iêa, uôa > ia, ua)
y is still /y/ for older speakers.
Grammar
Auxiliaries
Tense auxiliaries
I | thou | he | she | it | we (exc.) | we (inc.) | you (pl.) | they | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mo (present) | moa | mos | mon | moz | mot | mots | mop | moy | mam |
chiê (past) | chia | chiês | chiên | chiêz | chiêt | chiêts | chiêp | chiêi | chiêm |
be (future) | bea | bes | benh | bez | bet | bets | bep | băi | bem |
Emphatic auxiliaries: moa ri, mos sen, mon in ...
Sample text
UDHR, Article 1
TODO: This is just Modern Wdm with Trây sound changes
Chiêm tsoa crot ăxiêl plum te thya mêz hongtlâz tez imsên. Mâm hach răphângy dâz hongpăthên tez hongslit'â, te mot pđaa thunuô sâm tăze phituôn măciêp năthâ mêz xăgoa châsrap.
/kχiəm tsɔɐ̯ krɔts əʃiəŋ pɴum tɛ θyɐ̯ mes .../