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| As for introduction of lekma/ˈleχmɐ/, it is a conlang, my reason to constructure a miniature language is, to make is an effective way to learn about languages, to know languages has much affect on it, so it is under construction. Thanks for visitting this site.
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| A lekma structure is as follows, an interjection/connection + an agent × an object × a verb ÷ adverbial clauses + a subject/topic × a particle.
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| {{trans-top|substantives}}
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| adnoun + noun. // adverb + verb. // noun + adnoun clause. // noun + adjectifier + noun. // prefix + noun. // noun + suffix. // noun + suffix + adjectifier + noun. // particle + noun. // noun + particle. // particle + affix × noun. // affix × noun + adjectifier + noun + particle. // sub clause + main clause.
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| {{trans-bottom}}
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| =Phonology=
| | ↳[[Eighth_edition_lekma/Smallset|Small set]] |
| Graphemes are listed below the each phonemes.
| | __noeditsection__ |
| ===Consonants===
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| {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 884px; text-align:center;"
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| ! style="width: 68px; "|
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| ! style="width: 68px; "|Bilabial
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| ! style="width: 68px; "|Labio-dental
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| ! style="width: 68px; "|Dental
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| ! style="width: 68px; "|Alveolar
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| ! style="width: 68px; "|Retroflex
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| ! style="width: 68px; "|Palatal
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| ! style="width: 68px; "|Velar
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| ! style="width: 68px; "|Uvular
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| ! style="width: 68px; "|Glottal
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| |-
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| ! style="text-align: center; "|Nasal
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| | m<br>m
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| | n<br>n
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| | ɳ<br>nr
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| | ɲ<br>nh
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| | ŋ<br>un,-nn
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| |-
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| ! style="text-align: center; "|Plosive
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| | p b<br>b,ff b,rb
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| | t d<br>t,d,tt d,rd
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| | k g<br>c,k c,rc
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| | ʔ<br>kk,`
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| |-
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| ! style="text-align: center; "|Affricate
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| | t͡s<br>tz
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| | ʈ͡ʂ<br>tr
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| | t͡ɕ<br>th
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| |-
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| ! style="text-align: center; "|Fricative
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| | f<br>f
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| | θ<br>cz*
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| | s // ʃ<br>s // sh
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| | ʂ<br>sr
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| | ɕ<br>sh*
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| | χ<br>-k,ch
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| | ɦ<br>hh
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| |-
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| ! style="text-align: center; "|Approximant
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| | ʋ<br>v,u-
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| | j<br>i-
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| |-
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| ! style="text-align: center; "|Trill
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| | ʀ<br>hr
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| |-
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| ! style="text-align: center; "|Flap or tap
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| | ɾ<br>l,-r,-rr-
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| |-
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| ! style="text-align: center; "|Lateral app.
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| | l<br>l
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| | ʎ<br>lh
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| |}
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| These letters with * are rare.
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| ===Vowels===
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| {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 540px; text-align:center"
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| ! style="width: 90px; "|
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| ! style="width: 90px; "|Front
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| ! style="width: 90px; "|Near-front
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| ! style="width: 90px; "|Central
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| ! style="width: 90px; "|Near-back
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| ! style="width: 90px; "|Back
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| ! style="text-align: center; "|Close
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| | i y<br>i ü
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| | ɨ<br>ui,î
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| | ɯ u<br>û u
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| ! style="text-align: center; "|Mid-open
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| | e ø<br>e,ä ö
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| | ɐ<br>a,â,e,ë
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| | ʌ o<br>ô o
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| ! style="text-align: center; "|Open
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| | ä<br>a
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| |}
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| There are two way distinction by vowel length.
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| === Phonotactics ===
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| {{trans-top|phonotactics *development}}
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| * C
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| * k
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| * t
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| * lh
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| * sr
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| * nr
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| {{trans-mid|1}}
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| * V
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| * a
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| * á:allophones;ae;ai;oa
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| * e
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| * ee:allophones;ei;é;ea
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| * ö:allophones;eu
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| * oi
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| * oo:allophones;ou;ó
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| {{trans-mid|2}}
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| * C
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| * nn
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| * h
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| * tz
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| * cz
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| * t
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| * ns
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| * −vowel length lk
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| * −vowel length ks
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| * sk
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| {{trans-bottom}}
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| ==Morphemes==
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| {{trans-top|It is applied inter parts of speech}}
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| * s-
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| * n-
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| * a-
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| * -a
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| * -e
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| * -s
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| * -as
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| * -es
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| * -n
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| * -en
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| * -ns
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| * -ens
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| * -r
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| * -l
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| * -t
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| * -d
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| {{trans-mid|}}
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| * -ls
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| * -ts
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| * -ds
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| * -er
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| * -el
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| * -et
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| * -at
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| * -ad
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| * -els
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| * -ets
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| * -ats
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| * -ads
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| * -nd
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| * -nt
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| * -nds
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| * -nts
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| {{trans-bottom}}
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| ===Declension===
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| {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 540px; text-align:center"
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| ! colspan="1" |{{blue|noun root}}
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| ! colspan="1" |
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| ! colspan="1" |
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| ! colspan="1" |
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| ! colspan="1" |
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| ! colspan="1" |
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| ! colspan="1" |
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| ! colspan="1" |{{blue|word}}
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| |-
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| ! style="width: 90px; "|
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| ! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the agent of a transitive verb}}
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| ! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the subject/locative of an intransitive verb}}
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| ! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the direct/indirect object of a verb}}
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| ! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|possessive form}}
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| ! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|plural form}}
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| ! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|plural possessive form}}
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| ! style="width: 90px; "|
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| ! style="text-align: center; "|*ac/ʔɐk/
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| | sac/sɐk/
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| | nac/nɐk/
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| | uac/ʋɐk/[ʔɐk]
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| | ács/ʔäks/
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| | sácen,nácen,ácen/ʔäːgen/
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| | ácens/ʔäːgens/
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| | I
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| |-
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| ! style="text-align: center; "|*üe/ʔyː/
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| | sü/syː/
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| | nü/nyː/
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| | uü/ʋyː/[ʔyː]
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| | uües/ʋyːs/
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| | süen,nüen,ʋüen/ʔyːen/ | |
| | uüens/ʔyːens/
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| | You
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| |-
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| ! style="text-align: center; "|*hhia/ɦiä/
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| | íasaé/ɦiänsäe/
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| | íanaé/ɦiänäe/
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| | hhia/ɦiä/
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| | ías/ɦiäs/
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| | sian,nian,ían/ɦiän/
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| | íans/ɦiäns/
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| | They (singular)
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| |-
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| ! style="text-align: center; "|*kkae/ʔae/
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| | aesaé/ʔaesäe/
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| | aenaé/ʔaenäe/
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| | àe/ʔae/
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| | àes/ʔais/
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| | saen,naen,àen/ʔain/
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| | àens/ʔaens/
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| | Thing
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| |}
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| ===Conjugation===
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| {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 540px; text-align:center"
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| ! colspan="1" |{{blue|verb root}}
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| ! colspan="1" |{{blue|indicative form}}
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| ! colspan="1" |{{blue|subjunctive form}}
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| ! colspan="1" |{{blue|connective form}}
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| ! colspan="2" |{{blue|noun-like form}}
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| ! colspan="1" |{{blue|word}}
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| |-
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| ! style="width: 90px; "|
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| ! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|present/habitual}}
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| ! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the motion is futural}}
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| ! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|-ing, /if}}
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| ! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the motion is incomplete}}
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| ! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the motion is completed}}
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| ! style="width: 90px; "|
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| |-
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| ! style="text-align: center; "|*sel/sel/
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| | ser/sel/,[seɾ]
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| | seat/seɦät/
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| | sád/säːt/
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| | selínda/selindɐ/
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| | selínt/selint/
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| | be
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| ! style="text-align: center; "|*bal/bäl/
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| | bar/bäl/,[bäɾ]
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| | baat/bäɦät/
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| | bád/bäːt/
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| | balínda/bälindɐ/[bäˈindɐ]
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| | balínt/bälint/[bäˈint]
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| | have
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| ! style="text-align: center; "| *tel/tel/
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| | ter/tel/,[teɾ]
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| | teat/teɦät/
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| | tád/täːt/
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| | telínda/telindɐ/[teˈindɐ]
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| | telínt/telint/[teˈint]
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| | hang,raise
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| |}
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| ==== Lexicon ====
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| {{trans-top| reading basis /visual basis *development}}
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| * I: kkac /uac
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| * you (singular): kküe /nue
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| * he: hhonn /han
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| * we: kkácen /nacen
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| * you (plural): kküeen /nuen
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| * they: hhian /hia
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| * this : torce /toc,hia,dui
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| * that: kkáe /hae
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| * here: tocma /tcm
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| * there: àema /aem
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| * who: hhia,lhia /lia
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| * what: kva /kva
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| * where: kvime /kvm
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| * when: kvatzuí /kvn
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| * how: kvamuí /kvi
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| * not: né /nei
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| * all: àen /aen
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| * many: àens /aens
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| * some: de àen /duiaen
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| * few: làes /leas
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| * other: né daes /neidae
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| * one: éna,ená,ésa,esá /esh
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| * two: tzue /dva
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| * three: mal /mal
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| * four: cut /cut
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| * five: unal /hal
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| * big: lhens /ae
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| * long: naelhens /uncertain
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| * wide: daesbala /uncertain
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| * thick: bala /uncertain
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| * heavy: né fie /neifias
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| * small: ae /tis
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| * short: kul /uncertain
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| * narrow: tis /tsm
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| * thin: kadtis /uncertain
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| * woman: lhúa /lua
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| * man (adult male): lhúa /lua
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| * man (human being): hhan/lhúo /luo
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| * child: uncertain /tisluo
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| * wife: uncertain /mama dae kús
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| * husband: uncertain /tata dae kús
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| * mother: máma /mam
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| * father: táta /tat
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| * animal: this /uncertain
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| * fish: uncertain /fsk
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| * bird: tofie /tfl
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| * dog: cúon /chn
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| * louse: uncertain /lus
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| * snake: uncertain /lam
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| * worm: hhom /orm
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| * tree: uncertain /bim
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| * forest: uncertain /bsk
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| * stick: baunel /uncertain
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| * fruit: fam /flm
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| * seed: fam /uncertain
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| * leaf: hhüo /lif
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| * root: lád /lad
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| * bark (of a tree): uncertain /bim dui iunclish bark
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| * flower: uncertain /lili
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| * grass: ladlili /uncertain
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| * rope: sinn /uncertain
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| * skin: bäl /uncertain
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| * meat: salk /slk
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| * blood: salk /uncertain
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| * bone: lám /uncertain
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| * fat (noun): bét /fat
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| * egg: ais /uncertain
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| * horn: kol /krn
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| * tail: lámen /lam
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| * feather: fie /fli
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| * hair: tetr /khr
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| * head: uncertain /cab
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| * ear: olhen /orh
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| * eye: ain /oin
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| * nose: nes /nez
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| * mouth: uncertain /lif
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| * tooth: tzann /fnc
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| * tongue (organ): tzann /zau
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| * fingernail: tzann /fau
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| * foot: uncertain /bam
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| * leg: uncertain /bam
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| * knee: baim /uncertain
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| * hand: tec /tek
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| * wing: fiem /fli
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| * belly: mac /uncertain
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| * guts: mac /uncertain
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| * neck: nec /uncertain
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| * back: tzüc /ruc
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| * breast: bec /fec
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| * heart: kel /kor
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| * liver: kel /ae
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| * to drink: sifel /drk
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| * to eat: nem /nhm
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| * to bite: tzaunel /tnf
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| * to suck: sifel /ae
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| * to spit: nemel /ae
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| * to vomit: tue dae nems /ae
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| * to blow: bolel /ae
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| * to breathe: nesel /ae
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| * to laugh: hrak /rch
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| * to see: vis /ver
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| * to hear: sanhel /oir
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| * to know: can /cna
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| * to think: canel /dik
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| {{trans-mid}}
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| * to smell: nesel /ae
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| * to fear: bai /ae
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| * to sleep: bei /slf
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| * to live: súmel /ae
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| * to die: né súmel /ae
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| * to kill: sral /ae
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| * to fight: sral /ae
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| * to hunt: sral /ae
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| * to hit: láb /lfn
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| * to cut: kul /ae
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| * to split: tuinde kut,tua tzues /dval
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| * to stab: binn /ae
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| * to scratch: skilel /ae
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| * to dig: binn /nem
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| * to swim: ae /svi
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| * to fly: ae /fei
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| * to walk: salkel /ae
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| * to come: hhim /clm
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| * to lie (as in a bed): lob /ae
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| * to sit: sidel /set
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| * to stand: hrec /tnd
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| * to turn (intransitive): silkel /ae
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| * to fall: feiel /fei
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| * to give: túe /tue
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| * to hold: hrantel /ae
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| * to squeeze: tzecal /ae
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| * to rub: vask /ae
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| * to wash: vask /uncertain
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| * to wipe: vaskel /vsk
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| * to pull: tec /ae
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| * to push: tec,ffon /ae
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| * to throw: tue toc náe /ae
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| * to tie: ticel /bnd
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| * to sew: ffinticel /ae
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| * to count: teltzif /ae
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| * to say: srua /seu
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| * to sing: séunel /seu
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| * to play: bil /sfl
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| * to float: lom /flt
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| * to flow: ae /flt
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| * to freeze: íelel /iel
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| * to swell: rcol /ae
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| * sun: hrá /na
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| * moon: daehrá /mun
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| * star: lucz /trl
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| * water: súm /sumi
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| * rain: lein /rcn
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| * river: léne /len
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| * lake: léne /len
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| * sea: léneen /len
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| * salt: sala /slt
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| * stone: shè /stn
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| * sand: sahr /snd
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| * dust: hroma /ae
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| * earth: thi /nulmaf
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| * cloud: küt /sku
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| * fog: küt /foc
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| * sky: séo /sulmaf
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| * wind: fendas /vnd
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| * snow: nívas /snu
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| * ice: íelen /ais
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| * smoke: féu /feo
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| * fire: féu /feo
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| * ash: daeféu /ae
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| * to burn: tocféu tue /feol
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| * road: vei /vec
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| * mountain: ae /mon
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| * red: hrot /rod
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| * green: léu /crn
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| * yellow: col /clb
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| * white: hrát /vit
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| * black: dal /blc
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| * night: dal /nkt
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| * day: dis /dac
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| * year: iálen /zuames
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| * warm: nôk /vrm
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| * cold: íels /chl
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| * full: buk /ful
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| * new: bil /na
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| * old: né bil /ae
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| * good: hhim /bim
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| * bad: né hhim /ae
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| * rotten: tocel nae /na
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| * dirty: mud /ae
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| * straight: bim /na
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| * round: kadbal /na
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| * sharp (as a knife): dis /na
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| * dull (as a knife): dos /na
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| * smooth: dilel /na
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| * wet: súmmuí /vods
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| * dry: sekal /sek
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| * correct: bim /ae
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| * near: tocmas /na
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| * far: naemas /na
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| * right: hris /rec
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| * left: chol /lic
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| * at: tzúi /zui,tui
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| * in: lhea /ins
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| * with: múi,mue /mui
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| * and: e,elk /elk
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| * if: o,sôm /som
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| * because: fúi /kar
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| * name: námel /nam
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| {{trans-bottom}}
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| [[Category:Languages]]
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