Tba: Difference between revisions

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'''Samanasphuore''' (native name 𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀫𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀪𑀸𑀲𑀸 ''ßamaṇaßa bhäsä'' /samanaspʰuorɛ/) is an Indic language spoken all over [[User:IlL/Lõis]]'s Southeast Asia. It has many unusual features for a modern Indic language:
'''Tba''' is an L-Austronesian language spoken in the island of New Hercynia in [[Lõis]]'s Southeast Asia. It's inspired by Estonian, and is much more purist than [[Kirkkaselhümb]].
 
* preaspirated stops and prestopped nasals, but no retroflex consonants;
* a completely SVO word order;
* a highly conservative nominal morphology and verbal morphology, preserving 5 out of the 8 cases of Sanskrit as well as active and middle paradigms for verbs
 
It's typically written in either Brāhmī or its own native alphabet, which is a descendant of the Mon script.


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==Todo==
==Todo==
Replace with L-Austronesian (a priori) language?


==Introduction==
==Introduction==
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==Phonology==
==Phonology==


Samanasphuore has 5 vowels: ''a e i o u'', each of which have 4 different forms: short, long, breathy and long breathy. The actual phonetic values of the vowels are as follows:
a e i o u ŭ: /a e i o u ɨ/
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Vowel !! a !! e !! i !! o !! u
|-
| Short || ''a'' /a/ || ''e'' /ɛ/ || ''i'' /e/ || ''o'' /ɔ/ || ''u'' /o/
|-
| Long || ''ä'' /ɛ/ || ''ë'' /ɛ/ || ''ï'' /ai/ || ''ö'' /ɔ/ || ''ü'' /au/
|-
| Breathy || ''ha'' /ə/ || ''he'' /e/ || ''hi'' /i/ || ''ho'' /o/ || ''hu'' /u/
|-
| Long breathy || ''hä'' /uo/ || ''hë'' /əɨ/ || ''hï'' /ei/ || ''hö'' /əɨ/ || ''hu'' /ou/
|-
|}
 
Samanasphuore has the following consonants:
 
* The velars ''k'', ''g'' and ''ṅ'', which are pronounced /k⁼/, /kʰ~gʰ/ and /ŋ/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʰk/, /ʔkʰ/ and /kŋ/ respectively.
 
* The palatals ''c'', ''j'' and ''ñ'', which are pronounced /c⁼/, /cʰ~ɟʰ/ and /ɲ/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʰc/, /ʔcʰ/ and /cɲ/ respectively.
 
* The cerebrals ''ṭ'', ''ḍ'' and ''ṇ'', which are pronounced /t⁼/, /tʰ~dʰ/ and /n/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʰt/, /ʔtʰ/ and /tn/ respectively. Unlike in other Indic languages, the cerebrals can be alveolar or dental.
 
* The dentals ''z'', ''d'' and ''n'', which are pronounced /ts⁼/, /tsʰ~dzʰ/ and /n/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʰts/, /ʔtsʰ/ and /tn/ respectively.
 
* The labials ''p'', ''b'' and ''m'', which are pronounced /p⁼/, /pʰ~bʰ/ and /m/. When geminated they are pronounced /ʰp/, /ʔpʰ/ and /pm/ respectively.


* The liquids ''y'', ''r'', ''l'', and ''w'', pronounced /j/, /r/, /l/ and /w/. When geminated they are pronounced /ç/, /tr/, /tl/ and /kw/ respectively.
aa ee ii oo uu ŭŭ + diphthongs


* The fricative ''ß'', pronounced /s/.
p t z ĉ c k b d ĝ g: /p t ts c k ʔ b d ɟ g/


* An orthographic variant ''s'' of the liquid ''r'', also pronounced /r/.
f ŝ s ĥ h m n l r v j ĵ: /f θ s ç x~h m n l r w j ð/
 
The anusvāra ''ṁ'' and visarga ''ch'' are used in Samanasphuore. The anusvāra is always pronounced /ŋ/, and the visarga indicates that the final vowel of a word is pronounced (not silent).




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===Nouns===
===Nouns===


Samanasphuore has four noun genders: masculine animate, masculine inanimate, feminine animate and feminine inanimate, and five cases: nominative, accusative, genitive/dative, instrumental/ablative and locative.
Tba has (some large number of) cases.
 
A sample masculine inanimate noun: ''lökaṃ'' (world)


{| class="wikitable"
''luof'' = land (from Proto-Tbaic *luəH, ultimately from Iranian)
|-
! "world" !! Singular !! Plural
|-
| Nominative/Accusative || lökaṃ || lökäni
|-
| Genitive/Dative || lökaßa || lökänaṃ
|-
| Instrumental/Ablative || lökamhä || lökï
|-
| Locative || lökasmiṃ || lökäsmiṃ
|}


The suffix -smiṃ is always pronounced /meŋ/.
''luofe, luofu, luofuz, luofem, luofeĥ, luofere, luofina, luofido, luofeta ...''


==Syntax==
==Syntax==
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[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Indo-European languages]]
[[Category:Austronesian languages]]
[[Category:Indo-Aryan languages]]
[[Category:A posteriori]]
[[Category:Lõis]]

Latest revision as of 14:02, 5 December 2019

Tba is an L-Austronesian language spoken in the island of New Hercynia in Lõis's Southeast Asia. It's inspired by Estonian, and is much more purist than Kirkkaselhümb.


Todo

Introduction

Phonology

a e i o u ŭ: /a e i o u ɨ/

aa ee ii oo uu ŭŭ + diphthongs

p t z ĉ c k b d ĝ g: /p t ts c k ʔ b d ɟ g/

f ŝ s ĥ h m n l r v j ĵ: /f θ s ç x~h m n l r w j ð/


Orthography

Consonants

Vowels

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Morphology

Nouns

Tba has (some large number of) cases.

luof = land (from Proto-Tbaic *luəH, ultimately from Iranian)

luofe, luofu, luofuz, luofem, luofeĥ, luofere, luofina, luofido, luofeta ...

Syntax

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

Other resources