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Celinese: Difference between revisions

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{{featured}}
{{Infobox language
{{Infobox language
|name = Celinese
|name         = Celinese
|nativename = celínec
|nativename   = celínec
|pronunciation = [ˈkɛlinɛk]]
|pronunciation = ˈkɛlinɛk
|region = Originated in South Tygenoc; now more widely spoken.
|region       = Originated in South Tygenoc; now more widely spoken.
|states = Elitho, Circassio, Ifanco, Gwyðach, Sairstír, Jinyero, Norèscie, Ochrís, Wyšo, Telairo
|states       = Elitho, Circassio, Ifanco, Gwyðach, Sairstír, Jinyero, Norèscie, Ochrís, Wyšo, Telairo
|nation = Elitho, Circassio, Ifanco, Gwyðach, Sairstír, Esfoth (Western Jinyero), Norèscie
|nation       = Elitho, Circassio, Ifanco, Gwyðach, Sairstír, Esfoth (Western Jinyero), Norèscie
|speakers = 397,531,000
|speakers     = 397,531,000
|date = 2002-
|date         = 2002-
|familycolor = #F2DC77
|familycolor   = Tygenoci
|fam1 = Tygenoci
|ancestor1    = Proto-Tygenoci
|fam2 = Proto-Elithoan
|ancestor2    = Early Olldrothoan
|ancestor = Louriemec, Pairsec and other local varieties
|ancestor3    = Early Elithoan varieties
|iso1 =
|ancestor4    = Louriemec, Pairseg and other local varieties
|iso2 =
|clcr          = qce
|iso3 = qce
|scripts      = * Tygenoci
|script        = Tygenoci, [[w:Latin script|Elithoan Romanisation]]
* [[w:Latin script|Elithoan Romanisation]]
|agency        = Ronð Afuirdíreg go Lechlyfrírain go g-Celínec (RALgC)
|agency        = Ronð Afuirdíreg go Lechlyfrírain go g-Celínec (RALgC)
|creator      = User:Celinceithir
|brcl          = celi
}}
}}


Celinese languages (several names in Celinese languages) are divergent dialects that form part of a macrolanguage that is the most spoken offshoot of the Tygenoci language family, and one of the major languages of the Northern hemisphere of Lorech. The spoken and written standard (Celinese languages: '''Celínec''', pronounced {{IPA|[ˈkɛlinɛk]}}), a compromise based on the dialects of Perís and Ioðinbêr, is spoken as a first language by almost 400 million people, and understood by a further 950 million second language learners.  
Celinese languages (several names in Celinese languages) are divergent dialects that form part of a macrolanguage that is the most spoken offshoot of the Tygenoci language family, and one of the major languages of the Northern hemisphere of Lorech. The spoken and written standard (Celinese languages: '''Celínec''', pronounced {{IPA|[ˈkɛlinɛk]}}), a compromise based on the dialects of Perís and Ioðinbêr, is spoken as a first language by almost 400 million people, and understood by a further 950 million second language learners.  


Originating as independent languages in the Northern swathes of the large island, Tygenoc, the union of thitherto sovereign states - first under the Lainoê Elíneg and Northern Elitho, then under a united Elithoan commonwealth - precipitated the need to find a compromise dialect to unite these tongues, creating the standard, trans-Elithoan acrolect that is the basis of this article. To this day, Celinese languages - which will be considered on other pages - remain robust in their divergences from the Períseg-Ioðinbêreg norm, but it is rare to find an individual who cannot speak the standard Celinese language. Celinese is spoken in the North of Beichlë - the nation neighbouring Elitho to the south - where native Celinophones outnumber native Beichlophones 6-1; and in the West of Jinyero, or Esfoth - the nation to the South-East. Because of emigration, expansion and the colonisation of uninhabited islands and landmasses, Celinophones can be found in varying numbers across the entirety of Lorech. A language with a proud literary history, more books are published in Celinese than in any other language of the Northern hemisphere. It is the third most commonly learnt second language abroad, and is one of the official languages of the Lorechian Assembly of Sovereign Nations.
Originating as independent languages in the Northern swathes of the large island, Tygenoc, the union of hitherto sovereign states - first under the Lainoê Elíneg and Northern Elitho, then under a united Elithoan commonwealth - precipitated the need to find a compromise dialect to unite these tongues, creating the standard, trans-Elithoan acrolect that is the basis of this article. To this day, Celinese languages - which will be considered on other pages - remain robust in their divergences from the Períseg-Ioðinbêreg norm, but it is rare to find an individual who cannot speak the standard Celinese language. Celinese is spoken in the North of Beichlë - the nation neighbouring Elitho to the south - where native Celinophones outnumber native Beichlophones 6-1; and in the West of Jinyero, or Esfoth - the nation to the South-East. Because of emigration, expansion and the colonisation of uninhabited islands and landmasses, Celinophones can be found in varying numbers across the entirety of Lorech. A language with a proud literary history, more books are published in Celinese than in any other language of the Northern hemisphere. It is the third most commonly learnt second language abroad, and is one of the official languages of the Lorechian Assembly of Sovereign Nations.


==Name==
==Name==
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===Consonants===
===Consonants===


{|
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg"
|| ||Labial||Bilabial||Dental||Alveolar||Retroflex||Palatal||Velar||Uvular||Glottal
|+ '''Elithoan Celinese Consonantal Inventory'''
|-
|-
||Voiceless plosives||'''p'''|| || || '''t'''|| || || '''c'''|| || ||
!  || Bilabial || Labiodental || Dental || Alveolar || Retroflex || Palatal || Velar || Uvular || Glottal
|-
|-
||Voiced plosives|| '''b'''|| || || '''d'''|| || || '''g*'''|| || ||
! Nasal
| m
| n
|
|  
|  
|
| (ŋ)
|
|
|-
|-
||Flap|| || || || '''r*'''||
! Plosive
| p b
|  
|  
| t d
|
|  
| k g
|
|
|-
|-
||Voiceless fricatives|| ||'''f*'''||'''th'''||'''s*'''||'''s*'''||'''g*'''|| ||'''ch'''||'''h'''||'''
! Fricative
|
| f (v)
| θ ð
| s
| (ʂ) (ʐ)
| (ç)
| (x)
| χ
| h
|-
|-
||Voiced fricatives|| ||'''f*'''||'''ð'''|| ||'''r*'''|| || || || ||
! Approximant
| w
|
|  
|
|
| j
|
|
|
|-
|-
||Approximant||'''w'''|| || || || || ||'''y/i'''||
! Flap or tap
|  
|  
|
| ɾ
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|-
||Lateral approximant|| || || ||'''l'''||
! Lateral Approximant
|
|  
|
| l
|
|
|
|  
|
|}
|}


* <f> is pronounced [f], except intervocally, where it is [v]. In some dialects, it is also pronounced [v] in final position
'''Orthographical notes'''
* <r> is pronounced [ɾ], except in word-final position, where it becomes [ʐ] in Periso-Ioðinbêr Celinese
 
* [k] is written uniformly as <c> and [χ] as <ch>. [j] is typically written as <nowiki><i></nowiki>, but sometimes as <y>. [θ] is written <th>.
* <f> is pronounced [f], except intervocally, where it is [v]. In most dialects, it is also pronounced [v], or vocalised as [u̯] in final position in most words.
* <r> is pronounced [ɾ], except in word-final position, where it becomes [ʐ] in the Perís-Ioðinbêr acrolect.
* <nowiki><s></nowiki> is pronounced [s], except in front of <é> and <í>, where it is instead pronounced [ʂ]
* <nowiki><s></nowiki> is pronounced [s], except in front of <é> and <í>, where it is instead pronounced [ʂ]
* <g> is pronounced [g], except in word-final position, where it is pronounced [ç]
* <g> is pronounced [g], except in word-final position, where it is pronounced [ç]
* <ch> [χ] is in free variation with [x]. [ɾ] is also often pronounced as [r].


===Vowels===
===Vowels===


{| class="IPA" cellspacing="0px" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:right; background:none;"
|- style="text-align:center; font-size:smaller;"
|style="padding-bottom:3px;"| &nbsp;
| style="width: 60px;" | '''Front'''
| style="width: 60px; word-spacing: -.3em;" | '''Near- front'''
| style="width: 60px;" | '''Central'''
| style="width: 60px;word-spacing: -.3em;" | '''Near- back'''
| style="width: 60px;" | '''Back'''
|-
| style="height: 30px; font-size: smaller; text-align: right;" | '''Close'''
| style="height: 210px;" colspan=5 rowspan=7 | <div style="position: relative;">[[File:Blank vowel trapezoid.svg|300px|link=]]<div style="background:none; position:absolute; top:0; left:0;">
{| style="position:relative; width:300px; height:210px; text-align:center; background:none;"
|-
| style="width:300px; height:210px; text-align:center; background:none; font-size:120%;"|
<!-- CLOSE VOWELS -->
<div style="position: absolute; left: 5%; width: 2.3em; top: 2%; background: white;">i</div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 43%; width: 3.1em; top: 2%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 85%; width: 2.3em; top: 2%; background: white;">u</div>
<!-- NEAR-CLOSE VOWELS -->
<div style="position: absolute; left: 28%; width: 2.33em; top: 17%; background: white;">ɪ</div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 44%; width: 4em; top: 17%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 74%; width: 1.5em; top: 17%; background: white;"></div>
<!-- CLOSE-MID VOWELS -->
<div style="position: absolute; left: 16%; width: 2.7em; top: 30%; background: white;">e ø</div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 50%; width: 2.7em; top: 30%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 84%; width: 2.7em; top: 30%; background: white;">o</div>
<!-- MID VOWELS -->
<div style="position: absolute; left: 24%; width: 2.7em; top: 44%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 57%; width: 1em; top: 44%; background: white;">ə</div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 83%; width: 2.7em; top: 44%; background: white;"></div>
<!-- OPEN-MID VOWELS -->
<div style="position: absolute; left: 30%; width: 3em; top: 58%; background: white;">ɛ (œ)</div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 57%; width: 2.7em; top: 58%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 83%; width: 2.7em; top: 58%; background: white;">ɔ</div>
<!-- NEAR-OPEN VOWELS -->
<div style="position: absolute; left: 37%; width: 1.3em; top: 73%;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 64%; width: 1em; top: 73%; background: white;"></div>


{|
<!-- OPEN VOWELS -->
|| ||Front|| ||Central|| || ||Back||
<div style="position: absolute; left: 44%; width: 3em; top: 86%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 68%; width: 1em; top: 86%; background: white;">ä</div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 85%; width: 2em; top: 86%; background: white;"></div>
|}
</div></div>
|-
| style="height: 30px; font-size: smaller; text-align: right;" | &nbsp;&nbsp;'''Near-close'''
|-
|-
||Close||'''[i]''' <í>|| || || || ||'''[u]''' <nowiki><u, ù></nowiki>||
| style="height: 30px; font-size: smaller; text-align: right;" | '''Close-mid'''
|-  
||Near close||'''[ɪ]''' <y>||
|-
|-
||Close-mid||'''[e]''' <é, ê>; '''[ø]''' <nowiki><i></nowiki>|| || || || ||'''[o]''' <ô>||
| style="height: 30px; font-size: smaller; text-align: right;" | '''Mid'''
|-
|-
||Mid|| || ||'''[ə]''' <ə>||
| style="height: 30px; font-size: smaller; text-align: right;" | '''Open-mid'''
|-
|-
||Open-mid||'''[ɛ]''' <e, è>|| || ||  || ||'''[ɔ]''' <o, ò>||
| style="height: 30px; font-size: smaller; text-align: right;" | '''Near-open'''
|-
|-
||Open||'''[a]''' <a>||
| style="height: 30px; font-size: smaller; text-align: right;" | '''Open'''
|}
|}
<div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 1.25em; margin-bottom: 0.33em"></div>
<noinclude>
<!-- Categorising template -->
[[Category:Celinese templates]]
</noinclude>


* Acute diacritics appear on e and i to signify a change in vowel quality, namely from [ɛ] and [ø] to [e] and [i]. Syllables with an acute are always stressed: norís [nɔˈɾis], élainig [ˈe.laɪn.øç].  
* Acute diacritics appear on e and i to signify a change in vowel quality, namely from [ɛ] and [ø] to [e] and [i]. Syllables with an acute are always stressed: norís [nɔˈɾis], élainig [ˈe.laɪn.øç].  
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[[Category:Artlangs]]
[[Category:Artlangs]]
[[Category:A priori]]
[[Category:A priori]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Celinese]]
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