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[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Wordlist]]<br/>
[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Swadesh list]]<br/>
[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Names]]<br/>


{{Infobox language
{{Infobox language
|image =  
|image =  
|imagesize =  
|imagesize =  
|creator = [[User:IlL|Inthar]]
|creator = [[User:IlL|IlL]]
|name = {{PAGENAME}}
|name = {{PAGENAME}}
|nativename = ''Anbirjeong, kaz Anbirjeong''
|nativename = Anbir² snalltjeongen¹
|pronunciation=  
|pronunciation=
|setting = [[Verse:Tricin]]
|setting=[[Verse:Hmøøh]]
|nation = Anbir, Musun, Anbir Sjeoreong (in the [[Verse:Tricin/USB|USB]])
|region =  
|familycolor=quihum
|fam1=Anbiric
|fam1= [[Quame languages|Quame]]
|familycolor=tsn
|fam2= Talmic
|fam3= Tigolic
|script=Talmic alphabet
|iso3=
|notice=IPA
|notice=IPA
}}
}}


'''{{SUBPAGENAME}}''' (''n gaz Anbirjeong'' /ən gaz anbirjəŋ/) is a major [[Talmic]] language descended from [[Tigol]], inspired by Sino-Korean, Swedish, and Welsh. It is noted for its split-ergativity, like its close relative [[Ciètian]].
Anglo-Swedo-Icelando-Sino-Korean jokelang; include a xenic layer from a Pama-Nyungan-like language Dårle
{{SUBPAGENAME}} is the official language of the Talman countries [[Verse:Tricin/Anbir|Anbir]] and [[Verse:Tricin/Musun|Musun]] and of former colonies in Cualuav (including one large country to the south of Fyxoom) and Txapoalli; it is the second-largest Talmic language in terms of number of speakers. Like with German, there is a Standard {{SUBPAGENAME}} and various regiolects.


Thanks in large part to the printing press, Modern {{SUBPAGENAME}} rapidly gained prominence over a larger area in Northern Talma and came to serve as a lingua franca for northern mainland Talma and parts of Etalocin. Today, {{SUBPAGENAME}} still enjoys a certain status as a "cultured" language and is one of the most widely taught foreign languages in the Bitaletan world. Anbirese is somewhat mutually intelligible with [[Ciètian]] (like German and Dutch).
milveol1 'bear'


==External history==
þik1 ’to exist; (with subject) to have’
The idea of {{SUBPAGENAME}} began as "Tsjoen", before I decided to make it a Tigolic language. The grammar is heavily based on my first Tiogall draft.


==Todo==
Use "Fljeongmjeongths" somewhere
*ot, od > vat, vada
*Numbers: kjam, tjeodeor, nask, tyb, solj, stam, rvaz, laz, paerp, ngjor, jachim, knae
*scaimh 'mountain' > skeγ
*obey < TELIC + 'listen' (like in Þiús'k)
*Conjunctions that take pronominal suffixes, like Arabic ''ʔinna'' and ''ʔanna''
*Swadesh list
*Tigol > {{SUBPAGENAME}} sound changes
*a verbalizer like ''-ować''


*Verb prefixes:
hjeonn1 'to bid/try', hjeoll2 'sea'
**''ar-'': on, at > ''ar-''
**''(deut.) as-'': telic > ''ys-''
**''(prot.) de-, (deut.) do-'': in, at > ''dze-'', ''do-''
**''é-'': with, co- > ''e-''
**''fin-''/''sin-'' = well, thoroughly > ''fin-''
**''for-'': causative, through > ''for-''
**''(prot.) ful-, (deut.) fol-'': around, back > ''fl-''
**''imm-'': immediately > ''im-, m-, n-, ŋ-''
**''(prot.) gel-, (deut.) gol-'': up, out > ''gol-''
**''ro-'': down > ''ro-''
**''sol-'': a causative > ''sol-''
**''(prot.) su-, (deut.) so-'': towards > ''su-''
**''(prot.) sur-, (deut.) sor-'': back > ''sor-''
**''(prot.) u(cc)-, (deut.) oc-'': from > ''oc-''


Vowel reflexes:
Am2 hjeonn1 snall1 Anbirjeong2 'I am tryign to speak Anbirese-ly'
*a e i o u > eo jeo je u eu
*ai ei oi ui > ae ji oe i
*á éa í(o) ó ú > a je ji o u
*ái éi ói úi éu > ai je oi ui jo
*eá eó eói iú iúi > ja jo joi ju jui
*ae ao aoi > e eu eui
*ia ua uai > ja veo vae


==Phonology==
Hjeondae iltaren 'Hyundai cars'
Old Anbirese and Old Ciètian both underwent the so-called Anbirese spirantization of [[Tigol]] aspirated stops: ''p ṗ t ṫ c ċ'' /pʰ bʰ tʰ dʰ kʰ gʰ/ > OAnb /f v θ ð x ɣ/. Modern Anbirese subsequently shifted /θ/ to unaspirated ''t'' /t/, /t/ (from Tigol ''d'') to ''θ'' /tʰ/, /ð/ to ''z'' /z/, and deleted /ɣ/.
 
===Consonants===
Andaegol
Anbirese has about 33 consonants:
 
*/k g x ŋ/
Mjeolnir 'big hammer' -- hammer that periodically destroys the world (Sino-Korean myeol 'to wipe out') in Anbirese mythology?
*/tɕ d͡ʑ tɕʰ ɲ/
 
*/t d tʰ z (ʑ) n/
Mjeolbon 'Melbourne'
*/p b f v m/
 
*/pʲ bʲ fʲ vʲ mʲ/
brjedjeong
*/s ɕ ɧ h/
 
*/ɾ ɾʲ ɹ j ɴ̆/ [w]
sjeong - sky, skjeong - to clean
 
Daerjeong-eup: town located where our timeline's Dwellingup is
 
Final stops have a distinction between nasally released vs. unreleased (-mm -nn -nng vs. -p -t -k)
 
stje /ɕé/ 'money'
skjö /skjœ̂/ 'rope'
 
'll need some Swedish/English-y forms like e.g. tjeolla (my), tjeolls (3sg's), tjeollen (sg. construct), tjeollar (thy), tjeollths (3pl's)
 
Maybe tjeolli or tjeollu for pl construct


Anbirese has phonetic palatalization, indicated by writing ''Cj''. Anbirese makes a distinction between palatalized consonants (written ''Cj'') and iotated consonants (written ''Clj''):
Possessive suffixes should be easy to get, fortunately
* ''mjeg'' /mʲeg/ = to cover (cognate to Eevo ''mee'' 'to hide'); ''mljeg'' /mʲjeg/ = to sell (cognate to Eevo ''mleend'' 'shop')
* ''sjeong'' 'sky', ''sljeong'' 'blossom, bloom'


[w] is an allophone of hard /v/ after consonants.
Though they might induce final changes like tjeoll becoming tjeol


/t d tʰ s z n/ are dental(ized).
stjanng /ɕâk̚ŋ̊/ 'color', sjeong-stjangen /ɧʌ̂ŋɕáŋèn/ 'sky blue'


===Notation===
== Proto-Anbiric ==
====Radical consonants====
Have vowel length
*k χ ng /k x ŋ/
*kj χj ngj /tɕ ɕ ɲ/
*t θ n /t tʰ n/
*tj θj nj /tɕ tɕʰ ɲ/
*c cj /ts tɕ/
*p f m /p f m/
*pj fj mj /pʲ fʲ mʲ/
*s sj/stj/skj h /s ɧ h/
*r l lj j /r ɴ̆ j j/


At word-final position, the voicing distinction in unaspirated plosives is lost, and unaspirated plosives are unreleased.
-ŭs suffix (''-ur'' in [[Twetho]]; final fortition in Anbirese)


====Lenited consonants====
==Phonology==
*g γ /g Ø/
===Initials===
*gj γj /d͡ʑ j/
Simple initials:
*d z /d z/
*'''k g''' /k{{h}} k/
*dj zj /d͡ʑ ɹ/
*'''tj/þj dj nj''' /tɕ{{h}} tɕ ɲ/
*dz dzj /dz d͡ʑ/  
*'''t d þ n''' /t{{h}} t θ n/
*b v /b v/
*'''p b f v m''' /p{{h}} p f v~w m/
*bj vj /bʲ vʲ/
*'''s sj stj h''' /s ɧ ɕ h/
*'''r l j''' /ɾ l j/


====Eclipsed consonants====
[w] is an allophone of hard /v/ after consonants.
*ng ngh /ŋ ŋʰ/
*nj nhj /ɲ ɲʰ/
*n nh /n nʰ/
*m mh mj mhj /m mʰ mʲ mʲʰ/


===Mutations===
/t d tʰ s n/ are dental(ized).
Anbirese has 3 types of mutations: lenition, eclipsis, and h-prothesis.
{| class="wikitable " style=" text-align: center;"
|-
|+ '''Consonant mutations'''
|-
!|grapheme
|''m''||''p''||''f''||''t''||''θ''||''c''||''s''<sup>*</sup>||''z''||''k''||''ch''||''0, j''
|-
!|soft
|''ng''||''b''||''h''||''z''||''d''||''dz''||''h''||''0''||''g''||(null)||''-''
|-
!|nasal
|''-''||''m''||''v''||''nh''||''n''||''-''||''z''||''-''||''ng''||''ngh''||''n(j)-''
|-
!|h-prothesis
|''-''||''-''||''-''||''-''||''-''||''-''||''-''||''-''||''-''||''-''||''h(j)-''
|}
Null-initial words may get h-prothesis after certain words.


<sup>*</sup>The clusters written ''sp'', ''st'', ''sk'' do not mutate.
Initial clusters: '''(s)kj gj (s)pj bj fj (s)mj rj (s)lj snj hj (s)kr gr kl gl kn hn hnj hl hlj hr hrj fr fl br bl (s)tr dr krj grj klj glj frj flj brj blj (s)trj drj knj'''


===Vowels===
===Nuclei===
Anbirese has 7 vowel phonemes. ''eu'' /ɨ/ may be treated as a hard counterpart of ''i'' /i/: ''mi ni pi ti ci ki bi di gi fi vi'' are read as ''mji nji pji tji cji kji bji dji gji fji vji''. ''si zi li'' are an exception: they're pronounced [ɕi ʑi ɲi].
Anbirese has 7 vowel phonemes. ''ni ti thi ki di gi'' are read as ''nji tji thji kji dji gji''.


{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
Line 155: Line 96:
|-
|-
! style="" |Mid
! style="" |Mid
| '''ae, e''' /e~ɛ/
| '''ae, e''' /e̞/
| '''oe''' /ø~œ/
| '''ö''' /ø~œ/
| '''eo''' [ə]
| '''eo''' [ə]
| '''eo''' /ʌ~ɔ/
| '''eo''' /ʌ~ɔ/
Line 166: Line 107:
|  
|  
|}
|}
=== Finals ===
'''p d k s l r m n ng mm nn nng ll rr þ''' /p(unreleased) ð{{lowered}} k(unreleased) s l r m n ŋ pm(voiceless) tn(voiceless) kŋ(voiceless) ɬ r(voiceless) θ/ + some Germanicy clusters like -nd, -ld, -llt, ...


===Stress===
=== Tone ===
Stress is weak to nonexistent in Modern Anbirese.
Like Swedish, Anbirese has two tones/pitch accents. In monosyllables, tone 2 is realized as glottalization; in polysyllabic words, the two tones are realized as Swedish tones 1 and 2.
 
===Intonation===
Standard Anbirese is not tonal; it has an intonation like Seoul Korean.
 
==Dialectology==
Anbirese is primarily spoken in Anbir, Musun and in overseas Anbirese-speaking countries.
===Anbir===
Anbir has more dialectal diversity. Some dialects still use the preterite conjugation inherited from [[Tigol]] instead of the participle form
 
===Musun===
 
==Orthography==
Like other Talmic languages, Anbirese is written in the Talmic alphabet.
 
==Vocabulary==
Anbirese is about as purist as German, though it has a fair helping of [[Swuntsim]] loanwords. Many [[Tseer]] and [[Windermere]] loans are considered archaic today.
 
==Morphology==
===Mutations===
Like Ciètian, Anbirese has lenition and nasal mutation.
 
===Nouns===
Like its close relative [[Ciètian]], Anbirese has three genders for nouns (masculine, feminine, and neuter). Standard Anbirese has nominative and genitive cases, but many Anbirese dialects have lost all inflection.
====Definite article====
Regardless of gender and number, the definite article is
*''eo'' before nasals and resonants (except /j/): ''eo mar'' [ə̀ mǎɾ] 'the tree'
*''n'' before other consonants (where it is pronounced /ɨn/) and before vowels (where it is pronounced /n/): ''n cheozir'' [ɨn xə̀ʑîɾ] 'the flower'; ''n abeoz'' [n‿àbə̂z] 'the book'
 
The above rule operates after the word is mutated for number/gender marking.
 
TODO: definite article mutations by gender
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+ '''Definite article'''
! rowspan=2 | || colspan="3" | singular || colspan="3" | plural
|-
! m. || f. || n. || m. || f. || n.
|-
!
| eclipsis || lenition || no mut. || h-prothesis || h-prothesis || eclipsis
|-
! Example
| ''eo '''mp'''ran''<br/>'the corner' || ''n '''gk'''az''<br/>'the language' || ''n '''ch'''eozir''<br/>'the flower' || ''n '''p'''rán''<br/>'the corners' || ''n '''k'''áz''<br/>'the languages' || ''eo '''ngh'''éozir''<br/>'the flowers'
|}
 
====Plural nouns====
A common way to pluralize nouns is by tone change. This is the default paradigm for loans.
 
*''mar'' /mǎɾ/ [mǎɾ] = a tree
*''már'' /máɾ/ [mâɾ] = trees
 
However, many plurals use suffixes or other changes:
*''íms'' /íms/ [îms] = a loved one
*''imseot'' /ǐmsət/ [ìmsə̂t] = loved ones (some dialects use ''ímseot'')
 
Musunese Anbirese always uses ''-eot'' for the plural.
<!--
Nouns only have two states (absolute and construct) and two numbers (singular and plural).  The usual affixes are:
*plural absolute: ''-r''
*singular construct: ''-(y)th''
*plural construct: ''-(y)ph''
 
e.g. ''cythr'' 'flower', ''cythryr'' 'flowers'; ''chyvn'' 'woman', ''chyvnyr'' 'women'.
 
The definite article is always ''i'', or ''in'' before a V or after a preposition.
 
Possessive suffixes: mar-na, mar-s, mar-ou, mar-i, mar-yth, mar-ym, mar-fe, mar-yc, mar-ur (or mar-thur)
 
Plural: mar-ph-yna, mar-ph-s, mar-ph-ou, mar-ph-i, ...
 
''i marna'' = my tree
 
''i cythr suvn-yna'' = my beautiful flower
-->
 
===Adjectives===
Predicate adjectives are uninflected. Attributive adjectives agree with nouns in gender and number by mutations.
 
Adverbs derived from adjectives are unchanged (as in German).
 
TODO: degree
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+ '''Adjective inflection'''
! rowspan=2 | || colspan="3" | singular || colspan="3" | plural
|-
! m. || f. || n. || m. || f. || n.
|-
!
| eclipsis || lenition || no mut. || no mut. || no mut.|| eclipsis
|-
! Example
| ''eo '''n'''alb '''nh'''jangeoban''<br/>/ə nawp ɲʰaŋəban/<br/>'the interesting shop' || ''n '''g'''az '''z'''jangeoban''<br/>/ŋ gaz ɹaŋəban/<br/>'the interesting language' || ''n '''ch'''eozir '''t'''jangeoban''<br/>/ŋ xəʑiɾ tɕaŋəban/<br/>'the interesting flower' || ''n '''θ'''álb '''t'''jangeoban''<br/>/n tʰǎwp tɕaŋəban/<br/>'the interesting shops' || ''n '''k'''áz '''t'''jangeoban''<br/>/ŋ k⁼ǎz tɕaŋəban/<br/>'the interesting languages' || ''eo '''ngh'''éozir '''nh'''jangeoban''<br/>/ə ŋʰɔ̌ʑiɾ ɲʰaŋəban/<br/>'the interesting flowers'
|}
 
*Comparative: ''tjangeoban'''teo''''' = more interesting
*Superlative: ''tjangeoban'''eob''''' = most interesting
 
===Verbs===
Verbs are conservative and similar to [[Ciètian]], with synthetic forms instead of analytic constructions as in [[Skellan]].
====Finite verb inflection====
All forms of an Anbirese verb are formed from four principal parts:
 
#the present absolute stem
#the imperative stem
#the past stem
#the bare infinitive stem
 
The forms of an Anbirese verb are the following:
*Present tense: PRESENT + ''-i'', negative ''θri'' + IMPERATIVE
*Subjunctive (after preverbs): also IMPERATIVE
*Future tense: ''aeb'' + IMPERATIVE
*Past tense: PAST + ''-i''; induces split-ergativity
*Imperative: IMPERATIVE
*''-eod'' infinitive: PRESENT + -eod
*bare infinitive: INFINITIVE
 
There is no aspect distinction.
 
====Non-finite forms====
*The ''-eod'' infinitive is used with some modal verbs.
**with ''djeobjeol'', indicates purpose: "in order to VERB"
**with ''ok'' 'from', indicates stopping, avoiding, or preventing from VERBing
**with ''ast'' 'without', indicates "without VERBing" [Dialects may use the ''-a'' infinitive]
*The bare infinitive is mainly used to construct various deranked clauses, like the Biblical Hebrew infinite construct:
**with ''djeo'' 'in', indicates "while the action is taking place" or, when possessed, "while POSSESSOR is VERBing"
**with ''eor'' 'on', indicates "upon/as soon as the action is taking place" or, when possessed,  "upon the POSSESSOR's VERBing"
**with ''nae'' 'by', indicates that the verb's action serves a reason or purpose clause: "by VERBing" or "because of VERBing"
**with ''ok'' 'from', indicates being "beyond VERBing, or preventing from VERBing", or when possessed, "beyond the POSSESSOR's VERBing"
***''Lae mi kai ok neo soela djeo doreuk χjang.'' (be.PRES this much from my do.VN in try one) = This is too much for me to do all at once.
**with the accusative marker ''ljeo'', indicates a complement clause. There are two possible syntaxes for the ''ljeo''-complement clause:
***''ljeo'' + SUBJECT + ''a'' + VERB-''a''
***''ljeo'' + VERB + SUBJECT (possessed verbal noun)
**It is also used to form the [[Anbirese/Syntax#Infinitive_absolute|infinitive absolute]].
 
====Split-ergativity====
Anbirese has split-ergativity: past tense verbs display ergative alignment, and non-past tense verbs have accusative alignment.
 
That is, the subject is marked with the preposition ''u'' for transitive verbs, and is unmarked for intransitive verbs. In the case of transitive verbs, the ergative marking occurs regardless of whether or not there is a direct object. When a direct object is present, the word order becomes VOS.
 
Examples:
{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}
'''Transitive verbs'''
:''Chabin '''una'''.''
:eat.PRET from-1SG
:'I have eaten.'
 
:''Chabin lagar '''una'''.''
:eat.PRET from-1SG DEF soup
:'I have eaten the soup'
 
:''A tjéobrjeong n keolsjang '''una ''' cha.''
:but leave.PRET ERG 1SG DEF glh_schanng there
:'But I left the ''glh schanng'' (kefir-soaked Bjeheondian salad) there.'
{{col-break}}
'''Intransitive verbs'''
:''Eoseong eo maran.''
:die.PRET DEF tree/PL
:'The trees died.'
 
:''Farjeogin meo noγeol chaltan.''
:return.PRET 1PL.EXC.POSS dog/PL at_last
:'Our dogs finally returned.'
{{col-end}}
 
====Strong verbs====
As in Germanic, some Anbirese verbs form the past tense and the ''-eod'' infinitive by using ablaut.
 
===Copula===
Something complicated like Irish
 
===Pronouns===
na, skid, ngu, si, jeo, me, tid, skid, tar = I, you, he, she, it, we (exc), we (inc), you, they
 
There is also an archaic 2nd person singular pronoun ''fjeor'' 'thou'.
 
===Prepositions===
Prepositions inflect for person as in most Talmic languages.
*''ljeo'' = accusative (ljeo + eo/n > ljeon) (only used with definite nouns in modern {{SUBPAGENAME}}: ''Aeli na ljeon skuir/lje/ljeo Heojad'')
**''ljeona, ljeok, lju, lje, ljeoz, ljam, ljeof, ljeok, ljur''
*''djeo'' = in (djeo + eo/n > djeon)
**''djeona, djeok, dju, di, djeoz, djam, djeof, djeok, djur''
*''rjeo'' = of
** (possessed forms are used for emaphsis)
*''nae'' = with (inst.)
**''naemna, naebeok, naebu, naepi, naebeoz, naebam, naebeof, naebeok, naebur''
*ae = to, for (ae + eo/n > aen)
**''aemna, aebeok, aebu, aepi, aebeoz, aebam, aebeof, aebeok, aebur''
*''ljang'' = around, about
**''ljangna, ljangeok, ljangu, ljanki, ljangeoz, ljangam, ljangeof, ljangeok, ljangur''
*''eor'' = at
**''eorna, eoreok, oru, eri, eoreoz, eoram, eoreof, eoreok, eorur''
*''hjel'' = like
**''hjelna, hjeleok, hjelu, hjeli, hjeleoz, hjelam, hjeleof, hjeleok, hjerur''
*''θrjeo'' = with (comitative)
**''θrina, θrik, θrju, θri, θriz, θrim, θrif, θrik, θrjur''
*''eor oed'' = against
*''ok'' = from (ok + eo/n > on)
**''ona, okeok, oku, eki, okeoz, okam, okeof, okeok, okur''
 
===Conjunctions===
*''eok'' = and
*''lu'' = xor
 
===Numerals===
====Cardinal====
1-10 = chjang, tjedeor, nask, tob, sol, stang, rvaz, laz, paer, ngjor
 
11, 12, ... = jagjeong, xnae, nask ljang ngjor, tob ljang ngjor, etc.
 
====Ordinal====
chjameor, rjebjeor, naskeor, tobeor, soljeor, stangeor, rvazeor, lazeor, paerpeor, ngjoreor, jagjeor, xnaeëor, nask ljang ngjor-eor, etc.
 
===Derivational morphology===
====Native====
*-a = verbalizer
*ba- = sub-
*-eod = nominalizer
*-jeond/-eond = nominalizer
*-eog = nominalizer
*-leon = nominalizer of adjectives
*mi- = mis-, pseudo-
 
====Foreign====
*ing- = verbalizer ([[Windermere|Wdm.]])
*bin- = nominalizer (Wdm.)
 
==Syntax==
:''More: [[Anbirese/Syntax]]
 
==Sample texts==
===From H2G2===
:'''''N jangtal mokstin: Djeon hslakeort farsngoein eo tartsor. Toglaïn un san mje lib eom ngvad eos aesjeong e eor fjen djeon daki sjeod nhoreuk nknjet.'''''
:/n‿jaŋtʰal mokst⁼in | dʑən hʟak⁼ərt farsŋœin ə t⁼arts⁼ur | tʰuglain ün zan mje ʟib ɔm ŋwad əs ɛɧɔŋ e əɾ fjen dʑən datɕ⁼i ɧət nuɾük ŋnjet/
:the story so_far: in-DEF beginning create-PST DEF universe. anger-PAST ERG-DEF thing this very person/PL many and meet/PST it at eye/PL in-DEF wideness as turn bad.
:''The story so far: In the beginning the universe was created. This has made many people very angry and been widely regarded as a bad move.''
 
===UDHR===
:'''''Darkjeori ba h-eom djeo hsjeok eos blje naen fraechleod eos naen meorjeond. Oskjeonin har naen mabrin eos naen stvarnga, eos pjeol eorur, djeo skrateon djeo ljesvar n jezeokleon aeb h-eosrag.'''''
:/daɾtɕəɾi ba hɔm dʑə ɧɔk əs bje nen fɾexləd əs nen mɔɾʲənd. uɧənin har nen mabɾin əs nen stwaɾŋa, əs pʲɔl ɔɾüɾ dʑə skɾatən dʑə jeswaɾ njezəkʟən eb hɔsɾag/
:be_born-PRES all human PRED free and same INST-DEF dignity and INST-DEF right/PL. endow-PAST 3PL INST-DEF reason and INST-DEF conscience, and part on-3PL ADV mutual in spirit DEF brotherhood LJEO act.
:''All humans are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.''
[[Category:Tricin]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Talmic languages]]

Latest revision as of 05:29, 26 November 2024

Anbirese
Anbir² snalltjeongen¹
Created byIlL
SettingVerse:Hmøøh
Anbiric
  • Anbirese
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Anglo-Swedo-Icelando-Sino-Korean jokelang; include a xenic layer from a Pama-Nyungan-like language Dårle

milveol1 'bear'

þik1 ’to exist; (with subject) to have’

Use "Fljeongmjeongths" somewhere

hjeonn1 'to bid/try', hjeoll2 'sea'

Am2 hjeonn1 snall1 Anbirjeong2 'I am tryign to speak Anbirese-ly'

Hjeondae iltaren 'Hyundai cars'

Andaegol

Mjeolnir 'big hammer' -- hammer that periodically destroys the world (Sino-Korean myeol 'to wipe out') in Anbirese mythology?

Mjeolbon 'Melbourne'

brjedjeong

sjeong - sky, skjeong - to clean

Daerjeong-eup: town located where our timeline's Dwellingup is

Final stops have a distinction between nasally released vs. unreleased (-mm -nn -nng vs. -p -t -k)

stje /ɕé/ 'money' skjö /skjœ̂/ 'rope'

'll need some Swedish/English-y forms like e.g. tjeolla (my), tjeolls (3sg's), tjeollen (sg. construct), tjeollar (thy), tjeollths (3pl's)

Maybe tjeolli or tjeollu for pl construct

Possessive suffixes should be easy to get, fortunately

Though they might induce final changes like tjeoll becoming tjeol

stjanng /ɕâk̚ŋ̊/ 'color', sjeong-stjangen /ɧʌ̂ŋɕáŋèn/ 'sky blue'

Proto-Anbiric

Have vowel length

-ŭs suffix (-ur in Twetho; final fortition in Anbirese)

Phonology

Initials

Simple initials:

  • k g /kʰ k/
  • tj/þj dj nj /tɕʰ tɕ ɲ/
  • t d þ n /tʰ t θ n/
  • p b f v m /pʰ p f v~w m/
  • s sj stj h /s ɧ ɕ h/
  • r l j /ɾ l j/

[w] is an allophone of hard /v/ after consonants.

/t d tʰ s n/ are dental(ized).

Initial clusters: (s)kj gj (s)pj bj fj (s)mj rj (s)lj snj hj (s)kr gr kl gl kn hn hnj hl hlj hr hrj fr fl br bl (s)tr dr krj grj klj glj frj flj brj blj (s)trj drj knj

Nuclei

Anbirese has 7 vowel phonemes. ni ti thi ki di gi are read as nji tji thji kji dji gji.

Front Central Back
unrounded rounded
Close i /i/ u /ü/ eu [ɨ] o /o~u/
Mid ae, e /e̞/ ö /ø~œ/ eo [ə] eo /ʌ~ɔ/
Open a /ɐ/

Finals

p d k s l r m n ng mm nn nng ll rr þ /p(unreleased) ð̞ k(unreleased) s l r m n ŋ pm(voiceless) tn(voiceless) kŋ(voiceless) ɬ r(voiceless) θ/ + some Germanicy clusters like -nd, -ld, -llt, ...

Tone

Like Swedish, Anbirese has two tones/pitch accents. In monosyllables, tone 2 is realized as glottalization; in polysyllabic words, the two tones are realized as Swedish tones 1 and 2.

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