Adamic Code: Difference between revisions

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{{Construction}}
{{Construction}}


'''Adamic''' (''Ādamya'', pronounced [aːˈdami̯a ]) is a [[Philosophical language|philosophical]] [[ab interiori language]] that consists on naming roots and applying patterns to make them act as a full fledged language. Its name was chosen by the creator, Veno, due the similarity with the narrative of Genesis, where Adam was tasked to name the animals of Eden<ref>[[De Eloquentia Vulgari]]</ref>.
'''Adamic''' (Hebrew Abjad: אדמי קפל, Latin Alphabet: Ādamya Qafl, pronounced [aːˈdami̯a ˈqafl]) is a [[Philosophical language|philosophical]] [[ab interiori language]] that consists on naming roots and applying patterns to make them act as a full fledged means of communication. Its name was chosen due the similarity with the narrative of Genesis, where Adam was tasked to name the animals of Eden<ref>[[De Eloquentia Vulgari]]</ref>.


{{Infobox language
{{Infobox language
|name              = Adamic Code
|name              = Adamic Code
|nativename        = ādamya
|altname          = Adamic
|nativename        = אדםי (ādamya)
|pronunciation    = aːˈdami̯a  
|pronunciation    = aːˈdami̯a  
|setting          = Africa
|setting          = Africa (?)
|speakers          = -
|speakers          = -
|date              = 2024
|date              = 2024
Line 15: Line 16:
|ancestor          = Paleolithic Creole
|ancestor          = Paleolithic Creole
|creator          = Veno
|creator          = Veno
|script1          = Latn
|script1          = Latn, [[Hebrew alphabet]]
|notice=IPA
|notice=IPA
}}
}}
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-->
-->


<!-- ***Phonology*** -->
==Formulae==
<!-- What sounds does your language use? -->
The formulae of Adamic are equivalent to acategorics of Pangaean or the syllabaries of Diluvian.
<!-- Here are some example sub-/other categories:


[UNDER CONS...


Syllable structure
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable collapsible autocollapse" style="width: 660px; "
Stress
! colspan="5" style=" text-align: center; "|1. ''testar'': to test
Intonation
|-
! style="text-align: center; width: 132px;"|<u>'''Participles'''</u>
! style="width: 132px; text-align: center;"|Present
| style="width: 132px; background-color: white;"|''X''
! style="width: 132px; text-align: center;"|Past
| style="width: 132px; background-color: white;"|''X''
|-
! colspan="5" style="text-align: center;"|<u>Singular</u>
|-
! colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|Gender →
! style="text-align: center;"|Masculine
! style="text-align: center;"|Feminine
! style="text-align: center;"|Neuter
|-
! rowspan="9" style="text-align: center;"|<u>'''Indicative'''</u>
! colspan="4" style="text-align: center;"|Present
|-
! style="text-align: center;"|Simple
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
|-
! colspan="4" style="text-align: center;"|Past
|-
! style="text-align: center;"|Imperfect
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
|-
! style="text-align: center;"|Perfect
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
|-
! style="text-align: center;"|Pluperfect
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
|-
! colspan="4" style="text-align: center;"|Future
|-
! style="text-align: center;"|Imperfect
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
|-
! style="text-align: center;"|Perfect
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
|-
! rowspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|<u>Conditional</u>
! style="text-align: center;"|Present
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
|-
! style="text-align: center;"|Past
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
|-
! colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|<u>Imperative</u>
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
|-
! colspan="5" style="text-align: center;"|<u>Plural</u>
|-
! colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|Gender →
! style="text-align: center;"|Masculine
! style="text-align: center;"|Feminine
! style="text-align: center;"|Neuter
|-
! rowspan="9" style="text-align: center;"|<u>Indicative</u>
! colspan="4" style="text-align: center;"|Present
|-
! style="text-align: center;"|Simple
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
|-
! colspan="4" style="text-align: center;"|Past
|-
! style="text-align: center;"|Imperfect
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
|-
! style="text-align: center;"|Perfect
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
|-
! style="text-align: center;"|Pluperfect
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
|-
! colspan="4" style="text-align: center;"|Future
|-
! style="text-align: center;"|Imperfect
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
|-
! style="text-align: center;"|Perfect
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
|-
! rowspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|<u>Conditional</u>
! style="text-align: center;"|Present
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
|-
! style="text-align: center;"|Past
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
|-
! colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|<u>Imperative</u>
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
| style="background-color: white;"|''X''
|}


-->
==Phonology==
==Phonology==
===Sounds===
====Consonants====


===Orthography===
Adamic has 18 consonants. Slightly less than the 24 consonants of the Diluvian Code.
===Consonants===


{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 396px; text-align:center;"
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 396px; text-align:center;"
Line 56: Line 184:
|-
|-
! Sonorant
! Sonorant
| {{ref|1|1}}h ɦ
| {{ref|1|1}}h {{ref|1|1}}{{ref|2|2}}ɦ
| l̥ r
| l̥ r
| n̥ m
| n̥ m
|-
|-
! Fricative
! Turbulent
| s z
| s z
| {{ref|1|1}}t͡s ʔ
| t͡s {{ref|1|1}}ʔ
| f v
| f v
|-
|-
! Plosive
! Occlusive
| k g
| k g
| t d
| t d
Line 71: Line 199:
|}
|}


:{{note|1|1}}The sounds /h/ and /ɦ/, as well as the sounds /t͡s/ and /ʔ/, are grouped as sonorants and fricatives respectively without showing the proper phonetic qualities.
:{{note|1|1}}Due the arrangement required from the tables, the sounds /h/ and /ɦ/, as well as the sound /ʔ/, are grouped as sonorants and coronal respectively without showing the proper phonetic qualities.
:{{note|2|2}}The sound /ɦ/ ranges from [ɦ], [ʕ], and [ʁ] to [ɣ].


The characters used in the orthography are given below.
The characters used in the orthography are given below.
Line 92: Line 221:
*/v/ is written ''v''
*/v/ is written ''v''


===Vowels===
====Vowels====
A
 
Standard Adamic has 6 vowels and 8 possible diphthongs, but optionally, most diphthongs may be forced into monophthongs, resulting in 12 vowels as a whole. In comparison, the Diluvian Code has 10 vowels.


{|
|- style="vertical-align: top;"
|
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 198px; text-align:center;"
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 198px; text-align:center;"
|+Monophthongs
! style="width: 66px; " |
! style="width: 66px; " |
! style="width: 66px; " |Front
! style="width: 66px; " |Front
Line 110: Line 244:
| aː
| aː
| uː
| uː
|}
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
|
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 198px; text-align:center;"
|+Diphthongs
! style="width: 66px; " |
! style="width: 66px; " |Front
! style="width: 66px; " |Center
! style="width: 66px; " |Back
|-
! Short
| {{ref|3|3}}<span style="color:red">u̯i</span>
| i̯a u̯a
| {{ref|3|3}}<span style="color:blue">i̯u</span>
|-
! Long
| {{ref|3|3}}<span style="color:red">iu̯</span>
| ai̯ au̯
| {{ref|3|3}}<span style="color:blue">ui̯</span>
|}
| &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
|
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 198px; text-align:center;"
|+Monophtongized Diphthongs
! style="width: 66px; " |
! style="width: 66px; " |Front
! style="width: 66px; " |Center
! style="width: 66px; " |Back
|-
! Short
| e
| <span style="color:blue">ɨ</span> ~ <span style="color:red">ʉ</span>
| o
|-
! Long
| eː
| <span style="color:blue">ɨː</span> ~ <span style="color:red">ʉː</span>
| oː
|}
|}
|}
:{{note|3|3}}In Adamic, the diphthongs /u̯i/ and /ui̯/ together with /i̯u/ and /iu̯/ are allophones, but in a more poetic register a difference may be made between i-dependent and u-dependent dialects, wherein one of each pair can be chosen in order to arrive at /ɨ/~/ɨː/ or /ʉ/~/ʉː/.


The characters used in the orthography are given below.
The characters used in the orthography are given below.
*/i/ is written ''i''
*/i/ without relevant stress is written ''i''
*/a/ is written ''a''
*/a/ without relevant stress is written ''a''
*/u/ is written ''u''
*/u/ without relevant stress is written ''u''
*/i/ with relevant stress is written ''í''
*/a/ with relevant stress is written ''á''
*/u/ with relevant stress is written ''ú''
*/iː/ without relevant stress is written ''ī''
*/aː/ without relevant stress is written ''ā''
*/uː/ without relevant stress is written ''ū''
*/iː/ with relevant stress is written ''î''
*/aː/ with relevant stress is written ''â''
*/uː/ with relevant stress is written ''û''
*/e/ without relevant stress is written ''e''
*/ɨ/~/ʉ/ without relevant stress is written ''y''
*/o/ without relevant stress is written ''o''
*/e/ with relevant stress is written ''é''
*/ɨ/~/ʉ/ with relevant stress is written ''ý''
*/o/ with relevant stress is written ''ó''
*/eː/ without relevant stress is written ''ē''
*/ɨː/~/ʉː/ without relevant stress is written ''ȳ''
*/oː/ without relevant stress is written ''ō''
*/eː/ with relevant stress is written ''ê''
*/ɨː/~/ʉː/ with relevant stress is written ''ŷ''
*/oː/ with relevant stress is written ''ô''


===Prosody===
====Pitch Accent====
====Stress====
====Intonation====


===Phonotactics===
Although non-morphemic, long vowels tend to carry a rising pitch when stressed, and a falling pitch when unstressed, in order to further distinguish them from plain vowels.
<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. -->
 
===Morphophonology===
===Meta-Segmentals===
 
====X====
 
====X====
 
====X====
 
===Supra-Segmentals===
 
====X====
 
====X====
 
====X====
 
==Taxology==
 
===Desinencies===
 
====Affixes====
 
====Roots====
 
====Clitics====
 
===X===
 
====X====
 
====X====
 
====X====
 
===X===
 
====X====
 
====X====
 
====X====
 
==Semantics==
 
===Phememes===
 
====Phones====
 
====Morphemes====
 
====Phonemes====
 
===Tagmemes===
 
====Semes====
 
====Taxemes====
 
====Sememes====
 
===Prosodemes===
 
====Glossemes====
 
====Noemes====
 
====Oidemes====


==Morphology==
==Morphology==
Line 131: Line 391:


===Lesson 1===
===Lesson 1===
[[§1.1.1.1]=P]A ∃ C<sub>2</sub>⇒(C<sub>1</sub>V<sub>1</sub>C<sub>2</sub>V<sub>2</sub>C<sub>3</sub>).
[[§1.1.1.1]=P]A ∃ C<sub>2</sub>⇒(<X>C<sub>1</sub>V<sub>1</sub>C<sub>2</sub>V<sub>2</sub>C<sub>3</sub><X>).


:{|
:{|
Line 196: Line 456:
===Lesson 5===
===Lesson 5===
[[§1.1.2.2]=D]A ∃ V⇒(V-...-V)
[[§1.1.2.2]=D]A ∃ V⇒(V-...-V)
:{|
|-
| colspan="5" | avâla iruc<span style="color:blue">ai</span>
|-
| -v-'-l->a/a/a/a || i-r-u(c)-ai
|-
| person>∅ || the-<small>GENERIC</small>-<small>NOMINATIVE</small>-group
|-
| "person" || "the group of"
|-
| colspan="4" | ''the <span style="color:blue">group of</span> people''
|}


===Lesson 6===
===Lesson 6===
[[§1.1.2.3]=P]A ∃ V<sub>2</sub>⇒(C<sub>1</sub>VV<sub>1</sub>C<sub>2</sub>VV<sub>2</sub>C<sub>3</sub>)
[[§1.1.2.3]=P]A ∃ V<sub>2</sub>⇒(C<sub>1</sub>VV<sub>1</sub>C<sub>2</sub>VV<sub>2</sub>C<sub>3</sub>)
:{|
|-
| colspan="5" | avâla ir<span style="color:blue">a</span>
|-
| -v-'-l->a/a/a/a || i-r-a
|-
| person>∅ || the-<small>GENERIC</small>-<small>ACCUSATIVE</small>
|-
| "person" || "the"
|-
| colspan="4" | ''the person <span style="color:blue">(accusative)</span>''
|}


===Lesson 7===
===Lesson 7===
Line 277: Line 563:


==Syntax==
==Syntax==
Default OSV when the subject is in the active voice, yet SOV when the subject is in the passive voice (Notice how the ortography stays the same):
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(1)
|top= דתס ר סכת בבל
|דתס ר סכת בבל
|dts r skt bbl
|dîtis ira saíkat ābūlá
|writing.{{gcl|INHU|inanimate human noun}}.{{gcl|DDT|definite determiner}}.{{gcl|CONS|construct state}} the.{{gcl|ERG|ergative case}} philosophy.{{gcl|INTORG|intellectual organism noun}} book.{{gcl|VTA|active transitive verb}}.{{gcl|PERF|perfective}}
|"The philosopher read the book"
}}
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(2)
|top= דתס ר סכת בבל
|דתס ר סכת בבל
|dts r skt bbl
|dîts ira siktí bābál
|writing.{{gcl|INHU|inanimate human noun}} the.{{gcl|ACC|accusative case}} philosophy.{{gcl|INTORG|intellectual organism noun}}.{{gcl|DDT|definite determiner}}.{{gcl|CONS|construct state}} book.{{gcl|VTP|passive transitive verb}}.{{gcl|PERF|perfective}}
|"The book was read by the philosopher"
}}
===Constituent order===
===Constituent order===
===Noun phrase===
===Noun phrase===
Line 283: Line 590:
===Dependent clauses===
===Dependent clauses===
<!-- etc. etc. -->
<!-- etc. etc. -->


==Example texts==
==Example texts==
<!-- An example of a translated or unique text written in your language. Again, it is recommended that you make sure that the phonology, constraints, phonotactics and grammar are more or less finished before writing. -->
<!-- An example of a translated or unique text written in your language. Again, it is recommended that you make sure that the phonology, constraints, phonotactics and grammar are more or less finished before writing. -->
''Murá-nu'' "I am dead"<br>
''Valár anu'' "I am a person"
==Other resources==
==Other resources==
<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->
<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->

Latest revision as of 23:58, 28 November 2024


Adamic (Hebrew Abjad: אדמי קפל, Latin Alphabet: Ādamya Qafl, pronounced [aːˈdami̯a ˈqafl]) is a philosophical ab interiori language that consists on naming roots and applying patterns to make them act as a full fledged means of communication. Its name was chosen due the similarity with the narrative of Genesis, where Adam was tasked to name the animals of Eden[1].

Adamic Code
Adamic
אדםי (ādamya)
Pronunciation[aːˈdami̯a]
Created byVeno
Date25000-12000 BP
SettingAfrica (?)
Native speakers- (2024)
Pangaean Code
  • Diluvian Code
    • Adamic Code
Early form
Paleolithic Creole
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Introduction

The Adamic Code was created to simulate the hypothesis of an Afroasiatic Paleolithic Code. Chronologically, the language would be a creole of the Pangaean Code[2] and the Diluvian Code[3].



Formulae

The formulae of Adamic are equivalent to acategorics of Pangaean or the syllabaries of Diluvian.

[UNDER CONS...

1. testar: to test
Participles Present X Past X
Singular
Gender → Masculine Feminine Neuter
Indicative Present
Simple X X X
Past
Imperfect X X X
Perfect X X X
Pluperfect X X X
Future
Imperfect X X X
Perfect X X X
Conditional Present X X X
Past X X X
Imperative X X X
Plural
Gender → Masculine Feminine Neuter
Indicative Present
Simple X X X
Past
Imperfect X X X
Perfect X X X
Pluperfect X X X
Future
Imperfect X X X
Perfect X X X
Conditional Present X X X
Past X X X
Imperative X X X

Phonology

Sounds

Consonants

Adamic has 18 consonants. Slightly less than the 24 consonants of the Diluvian Code.

Guttural Coronal Labial
Sonorant [1]h [1][2]ɦ l̥ r n̥ m
Turbulent s z t͡s [1]ʔ f v
Occlusive k g t d p b
^1Due the arrangement required from the tables, the sounds /h/ and /ɦ/, as well as the sound /ʔ/, are grouped as sonorants and coronal respectively without showing the proper phonetic qualities.
^2The sound /ɦ/ ranges from [ɦ], [ʕ], and [ʁ] to [ɣ].

The characters used in the orthography are given below.

  • /k/ is written k
  • /g/ is written g
  • /t/ is written t
  • /d/ is written d
  • /t/ is written t
  • /p/ is written p
  • /b/ is written b
  • /h/ is written h
  • /ɦ/ is written q
  • /l̥/ is written l
  • /r/ is written r
  • /s/ is written s
  • /z/ is written z
  • /t͡s/ is written c
  • /ʔ/ is written ’
  • /f/ is written f
  • /v/ is written v

Vowels

Standard Adamic has 6 vowels and 8 possible diphthongs, but optionally, most diphthongs may be forced into monophthongs, resulting in 12 vowels as a whole. In comparison, the Diluvian Code has 10 vowels.

Monophthongs
Front Center Back
Short i a u
Long iː aː uː
   
Diphthongs
Front Center Back
Short [3]u̯i i̯a u̯a [3]i̯u
Long [3]iu̯ ai̯ au̯ [3]ui̯
   
Monophtongized Diphthongs
Front Center Back
Short e ɨ ~ ʉ o
Long eː ɨː ~ ʉː oː
^3In Adamic, the diphthongs /u̯i/ and /ui̯/ together with /i̯u/ and /iu̯/ are allophones, but in a more poetic register a difference may be made between i-dependent and u-dependent dialects, wherein one of each pair can be chosen in order to arrive at /ɨ/~/ɨː/ or /ʉ/~/ʉː/.

The characters used in the orthography are given below.

  • /i/ without relevant stress is written i
  • /a/ without relevant stress is written a
  • /u/ without relevant stress is written u
  • /i/ with relevant stress is written í
  • /a/ with relevant stress is written á
  • /u/ with relevant stress is written ú
  • /iː/ without relevant stress is written ī
  • /aː/ without relevant stress is written ā
  • /uː/ without relevant stress is written ū
  • /iː/ with relevant stress is written î
  • /aː/ with relevant stress is written â
  • /uː/ with relevant stress is written û
  • /e/ without relevant stress is written e
  • /ɨ/~/ʉ/ without relevant stress is written y
  • /o/ without relevant stress is written o
  • /e/ with relevant stress is written é
  • /ɨ/~/ʉ/ with relevant stress is written ý
  • /o/ with relevant stress is written ó
  • /eː/ without relevant stress is written ē
  • /ɨː/~/ʉː/ without relevant stress is written ȳ
  • /oː/ without relevant stress is written ō
  • /eː/ with relevant stress is written ê
  • /ɨː/~/ʉː/ with relevant stress is written ŷ
  • /oː/ with relevant stress is written ô

Pitch Accent

Although non-morphemic, long vowels tend to carry a rising pitch when stressed, and a falling pitch when unstressed, in order to further distinguish them from plain vowels.

Meta-Segmentals

X

X

X

Supra-Segmentals

X

X

X

Taxology

Desinencies

Affixes

Roots

Clitics

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Semantics

Phememes

Phones

Morphemes

Phonemes

Tagmemes

Semes

Taxemes

Sememes

Prosodemes

Glossemes

Noemes

Oidemes

Morphology

Adamic grammar consists on a reutilization of the primordial and diluvian systems. When the relevant grammatical terms (X) are expressed the same way they are in the Pangaean Code (but within the morphophonological boundaries of Adamic) it is applied the formula [[X]=P]A; whereas with Diluvian, it is [[X]=D]A. Furthermore, the identification of the particle (Y) in the configuration of the Adamic Code responsible for the equivalence is represented by Y⇒(...Y...).


Lesson 1

[[§1.1.1.1]=P]A ∃ C2⇒(<X>C1V1C2V2C3<X>).

avâla aku
-v-'-l->a/a/a/a a-k-u
person>∅ a-DEITIC-NOMINATIVE
"person" "that"
that person

Lesson 2

[[§1.1.1.2]=P]A ∃ C3⇒(C1V1C2V2C3).

avâla aruk
-v-'-l->a/a/a/a a-r-u-k
person>∅ a-GENERIC-NOMINATIVE-COMITATIVE
"person" "with a"
with a person

Lesson 3

[[§1.1.1.3]=P]A ∃ C2∨C3⇒(C1V1C2V2C3).

avâla alku
-v-'-l->a/a/a/a a-lk-u
person>∅ a-ALIENATIVE.DEITIC-NOMINATIVE
"person" "other next"
other person next

Lesson 4

[[§1.1.2.1]=P]A ∃ V1⇒(C1V1C2V2C3).

avâla iru
-v-'-l->a/a/a/a i-r-u
person>∅ the-GENERIC-NOMINATIVE
"person" "the"
the person

Lesson 5

[[§1.1.2.2]=D]A ∃ V⇒(V-...-V)

avâla irucai
-v-'-l->a/a/a/a i-r-u(c)-ai
person>∅ the-GENERIC-NOMINATIVE-group
"person" "the group of"
the group of people

Lesson 6

[[§1.1.2.3]=P]A ∃ V2⇒(C1VV1C2VV2C3)

avâla ira
-v-'-l->a/a/a/a i-r-a
person>∅ the-GENERIC-ACCUSATIVE
"person" "the"
the person (accusative)

Lesson 7

[[§1.1.3.1]=D]A ∃ cV⇒(cV-...-cV) reduplication?

Lesson 8

[[Concentração]=P]A

Lesson 9

[[Distribuição]=P]A

Lesson 10

Lesson 11

Lesson 12

Lesson 13

Lesson 14

Lesson 15

Lesson 16

Lesson 17

Lesson 18

Lesson 19

Lesson 20

Lesson 21

Lesson 22

Lesson 23

Lesson 24

Lesson 25

Lesson 26

Lesson 27

Lesson 28

Lesson 29

Lesson 30

Lesson 31

Lesson 32

Lesson 33

Lesson 34

Lesson 35

Lesson 36

Syntax

Default OSV when the subject is in the active voice, yet SOV when the subject is in the passive voice (Notice how the ortography stays the same):

(1)
דתס ר סכת בבל

דתס

dts

dîtis

writing.INHU.DDT.CONS

ר

r

ira

the.ERG

סכת

skt

saíkat

philosophy.INTORG

בבל

bbl

ābūlá

book.VTA.PERF

דתס ר סכת בבל

dts r skt bbl

dîtis ira saíkat ābūlá

writing.INHU.DDT.CONS the.ERG philosophy.INTORG book.VTA.PERF

"The philosopher read the book"

(2)
דתס ר סכת בבל

דתס

dts

dîts

writing.INHU

ר

r

ira

the.ACC

סכת

skt

siktí

philosophy.INTORG.DDT.CONS

בבל

bbl

bābál

book.VTP.PERF

דתס ר סכת בבל

dts r skt bbl

dîts ira siktí bābál

writing.INHU the.ACC philosophy.INTORG.DDT.CONS book.VTP.PERF

"The book was read by the philosopher"

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

Murá-nu "I am dead"
Valár anu "I am a person"

Other resources

  1. ^ De Eloquentia Vulgari
  2. ^ Os Códigos
  3. ^ Grammaire Diluvienne
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