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| {{Infobox language
| | *''hüläfä'' (m) = legend |
| |image =
| | *''Əstansə'' (m) = a holiday |
| |imagesize =
| | *''əgiti'' (PLak *àgit 'fall' + -s) (f) = autumn |
| |creator = [[User:IlL|IlL]]
| | *''lisdəw'' (v) = to learn (< lidəw 'to find') |
| |name = {{PAGENAME}}
| | ==Numbers== |
| |nativename = ''Wieb-Muts''
| | 0-12: ñic, dän, rat, əscəw, əmšäk, ümuc, dak, ešəb, oläy, taf, suyäw, üsruk |
| |pronunciation=
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| |region = Wiebermein
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| |familycolor=Gamedan
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| |fam1= [[Gamedan languages|Gamedan]]
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| |fam2= [[Wiebian]]
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| |script=Wiebian script
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| |iso3=qwb
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| |notice=IPA
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| }}
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| | |
| '''{{PAGENAME}}''' is the ancestor language of [[Reber Wiebian]], [[Gaufian|Gauf]], and [[Zwehrer|Zwehrer Wiebian]] lects.
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| ==Orthography==
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| :''See also: [[Wiebian/Script]].''
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| ==Historical phonology==
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| ===AW inventory===
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| <poem>
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| Ancient Wiebian:
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| ɪ iː ʏ yː ʊ uː
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| ɛ eː œ øː ɔ oː
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| a aː
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| ɪɐ iːɐ ʏɐ yːɐ ʊɐ uːɐ
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| ɛɐ eːɐ œɐ øːɐ ɔɐ oːɐ
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| aɐ aːɐ
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| aʊ aɪ ɔʏ
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| aʊɐ aɪɐ ɔʏɐ
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| ə
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| </poem>
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| ===Sound changes===
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| ====AW > Pre-MW====
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| *Vʀɐ > Vɐ
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| *ɪɐ iːɐ > iɐ, ʏɐ yːɐ > yɐ, ʊɐ uːɐ > uɐ, aɐ a:ɐ > aɐ
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| *ai > əi / _(voiceless) (after AV)
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| *au > əʊ / _(voiceless)
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| *ɔʏ > əʏ / _(voiceless)
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| *əl > ʊ in unstressed syllables
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| ====Initial changes====
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| *ts > s
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| *Cv > Cw
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| *Pr Br Fr r > ʈ ɖ ʂ ʐ
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| =====Aspiration=====
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| *sp sb st sd sʈ sɖ s! sg! sk sg > pʰ bʰ tʰ dʰ ʈʰ ɖʰ !ʰ g!ʰ kʰ gʰ
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| *sv sz > wʰ s
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| *sm sn > mʰ nʰ
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| | |
| =====Séimhiú=====
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| *Vp Vb Vt Vd Vʈ Vɖ V! Vg! Vk Vg > f v θ ð ʂ ʐ ɧ ɧ̬ x ɣ
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| *Vf Vv Vs Vz > ʔ ɦ h ɦ
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| *Vm Vl > v j
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| *aspirated consonants mutate the same as non-aspirated ones, except: mʰ > wʰ, nʰ > nʰ, lʰ > wʰ, wʰ > wʰ
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| | |
| =====Urú=====
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| *np nb nt nd nʈ nɖ n! ng! nk ng > b m d n ɖ ɳ g! ŋ! g ŋ
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| *nf ns nɧ > v z ɧ̬
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| *nsm nsn > m n
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| *nsp nst nsʈ ns! (nsk) > mʰ nʰ ɳʰ ŋʰ! ŋʰ
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| *nsl > l
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| =====Pharyngealization split=====
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| *Cl, Cʀ > Cˁ
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| *s-ʀ > hˁ, ʀ > ʔˁ
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| =====Other changes=====
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| *v > w
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| | |
| ====Pre-MW > MW====
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| *a aː > æ æː
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| *e i o u ø y > æ e ɑ o æ ø / _Cɐ
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| *eː iː oː øː uː yː > jaː eː waː ɥaː oː øː / _Cɐ
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| *a e i > o ø y / _Cʊ
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| *aː eː iː > oː øː yː / _Cʊ
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| *final ɐ, ʊ lost
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| *ai aw ay > eː oː øː
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| *iɐ̯ eɐ̯ > iːa
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| *ɛɐ̯ > jaː
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| *uɐ̯ oɐ̯ > uːa
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| *ɔɐ̯ > waː
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| *yɐ̯ > yːa
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| *øɐ̯ > ɥaː
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| *aɐ̯ > æː
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| *ˁæ ˁe ˁi ˁo ˁø ˁu ˁy > ˁɑ ˁæ ˁe ˁɑ ˁæ ˁo ˁø
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| *ˁaː ˁeː ˁiː ˁoː ˁøː ˁuː ˁyː > ˁɑː ˁaw ˁew ˁaw ˁoy ˁow ˁoy
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| *ˁVɐ̯ > ˁəa (if V != a)
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| *ˁaɐ̯ > ˁaː > ˁɑː
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| *aː eː iː oː uː øː yː > eː iː ai uː aw yː oy (GVS)
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| *əa > əː
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| *ei ou øy > iː uː yː
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| *pharyngealization lost; k-series and q-series (kˁ) remain distinct
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| | |
| ====AW > MW finals==== | |
| *cluster ending in fricative > breathy tone, cluster lost w/ compensatory lengthening
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| *cluster ending in plosive > glottalized tone, cluster lost w/ compensatory lengthening
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| *-w results from the first consonant in the final being a labial (unless final is single /-p/)
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| *-j results from /ç, ɧ/ as the first consonant | |
| | |
| ==Phonology==
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| ===Consonants===
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| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;"
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| |+'''{{PAGENAME}} initials'''
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| ! colspan="2"|
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| !Labial
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| !Alveolar
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| !Retroflex
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| !Click
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| !Velar
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| !Uvular
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| !Glottal
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| |-
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| ! rowspan="2"|Nasal
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| ! | <small>voiceless</small>
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| |/m̊/
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| |/n̊/
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| |/ɳ̊/
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| |/ŋ̊!/
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| |/ŋ̊/
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| |/ɴ̊/
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| |
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| |-
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| ! | <small>voiced</small>
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| |/m/
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| |/n/
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| |/ɳ/
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| |/ŋ!/
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| |/ŋ/
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| |/ɴ/
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| |-
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| ! rowspan="3"|Stop
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| ! | <small>tenuis</small>
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| |/p/
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| |/t/
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| |/ʈ/
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| |/ǃ/
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| |/k/
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| |/q/
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| |/ʔ/
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| |-
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| ! | <small>aspirated</small>
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| |/pʰ/
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| |/tʰ/
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| |/ʈʰ/
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| |/ǃʰ/
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| |/kʰ/
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| |/qʰ/
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| |-
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| ! | <small>voiced</small>
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| |/b/
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| |/d/
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| |/ɖ/
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| |/ɡǃ/
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| |/ɡ/
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| |/ɢ/
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| |-
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| ! rowspan="2"|Spirants
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| ! | <small>voiceless</small>
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| |/f/
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| |/θ/
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| |/ɧ/
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| |/x/
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| |/χ/
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| |/h/
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| |-
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| ! | <small>voiced</small>
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| |/ð/
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| |/ɧ̬/
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| |/ɣ/
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| |/ʁ/
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| |
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| |-
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| ! rowspan="2"|Sibilants
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| ! | <small>voiceless</small>
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| |/s/
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| |/ʂ/
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| |-
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| ! | <small>voiced</small>
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| |/z/
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| |/ʐ/
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| |-
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| ! rowspan="2"|Approximant
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| ! | <small>voiceless</small>
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| |/ʍ/
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| |/l̥/
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| |-
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| ! | <small>voiced</small>
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| |/w/
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| |/l/
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| |
| |}
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| | |
| ===Vowels===
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| {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 540px; text-align:center;"
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| |+ '''{{PAGENAME}} vowels'''
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| |-
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| ! rowspan="3" style="width: 90px; "|
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| ! colspan="4" style="width: 180px; " |Front
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| ! rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |Central
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| ! rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |Back
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |<small>unrounded</small>
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| ! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |<small>rounded</small>
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| |-
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
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| !style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
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| |-
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| ! style="" |Close
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| | /i/
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| | /iː/
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| | /y/
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| | /yː/
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| | /u/
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| | /uː/
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| |-
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| ! style="" |Mid
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| | /e/
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| | /eː/
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| | /ø/
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| | /øː/
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| | /əː/
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| | /ɔ/
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| | /oː/
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| |-
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| ! style="" |Open
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| | /æ/
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| | /æː/
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| | /ɑ/
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| | /ɑː/
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| |}
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| Diphthongs: /ai au oy ja je iːa jaː wa wo uːa waː ɥa ɥø yːa ɥaː aiɐ auɐ oyɐ/
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| ===Tones===
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| *(-p m)
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| *(-p b)
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| *(-p g)
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| *(+p m)
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| *(+p b)
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| *(+p g)
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| ==Grammar== | |
| For ordinal numerals: ''Schmielke'' 'order' e.g. ''wahm Schmielke Hauer'' 'the first king' (or ''Zwind''? any relation to ''zweid'' 'walk'?)
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| ==Phrasebook== | |
| ''wahm, discher, narg, đauf, sälisch, stuhm, raut, lerz, pfarb, kier'':
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| va:m, dɪɧɐ, naɐ̯k, ɡ!auf, ze:lɪɧ, ʃtu:m, ʀaut, lɛɐ̯ts, pfaɐ̯p, ki:ɐ̯
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| væ:m, dɛɧ, naɐ̯k, ɡ!əuf, ze:ləɧ, ʃtu:m, ʀəut, lɛɐ̯ts, pfaɐ̯p, ki:ɐ̯
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| ve:m, dɛɧ, na:k, ɡ!u:, zi:ləɧ, ʃtaum, ʀaut, lja:ts, pfa:p, kaiɐ
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| ve:m, dɛɧ, na:k, ɡ!u:, zi:lɧ, tʰaum, ʕaut, lja:s, fa:p, kaiɐ
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| ve:m (-p m), dɛj (-p b), na:k (-p g), ɡ!u: (-p b), zi: (-p b), tʰaum (-p m), 'aut (-p g), lja: (-p b), faap (-p g), kaiɐ (-p m)
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| {{List subpages|caption=Related pages with more information}}
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| [[Category:Gamedan languages]][[Category:Wiebic languages]][[Category:Hussmauch]]
| |