Häskä/Wordlist: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox language
*''hüläfä'' (m) = legend
|image =
*''Əstansə'' (m) = a holiday
|imagesize =
*''əgiti'' (PLak *àgit 'fall' + -s) (f) = autumn
|creator = [[User:IlL|IlL]]
*''lisdəw'' (v) = to learn (< lidəw 'to find')
|name = {{PAGENAME}}
==Numbers==
|nativename = ''Wieb-Muts''
0-12: ñic, dän, rat, əscəw, əmšäk, ümuc, dak, ešəb, oläy, taf, suyäw, üsruk
|pronunciation=  
|region = Wiebermein
|familycolor=Gamedan
|fam1= [[Gamedan languages|Gamedan]]
|fam2= [[Wiebian]]
|script=Wiebian script
|iso3=qwb
|notice=IPA
}}
 
'''{{PAGENAME}}''' is the ancestor language of [[Zwehrer]] and [[Gaufian|Gauf Wiebian]] lects.
==Orthography==
:''See also: [[Wiebian/Script]].''
 
==Historical phonology==
===AW inventory===
<poem>
Ancient Wiebian:
ɪ iː ʏ yː ʊ uː
ɛ eː œ øː ɔ oː
a aː
ɪɐ iːɐ ʏɐ yːɐ ʊɐ uːɐ
ɛɐ eːɐ œɐ øːɐ ɔɐ oːɐ
aɐ aːɐ
aʊ aɪ ɔʏ
aʊɐ aɪɐ ɔʏɐ
ə
</poem>
===Sound changes===
====AW > Pre-OZw====
*Vʀɐ > Vɐ
*ɪɐ iːɐ > iɐ, ʏɐ yːɐ > yɐ, ʊɐ uːɐ > uɐ, aɐ a:ɐ > aɐ
*ai > əi / _(voiceless) (after AV)
*au >  əʊ / _(voiceless)
*ɔʏ >  əʏ / _(voiceless)
*əl > ʊ in unstressed syllables
====Initial changes====
*ts > s
*Cv > Cw
*Pr Br Fr r > ʈ ɖ ʂ ʐ
=====Aspiration=====
*sp/pf sb st sd sʈ sɖ s! sg! sk sg > pʰ bʰ tʰ dʰ ʈʰ ɖʰ !ʰ g!ʰ kʰ gʰ
*sv sz > wʰ s
*sm sn > mʰ nʰ
 
=====Séimhiú=====
*Vp Vb Vt Vd Vʈ Vɖ V! Vg! Vk Vg > f v θ ð ʂ ʐ ɧ ɧ̬ x ɣ
*Vf Vv Vs Vz > ʔ ɦ h ɦ
*Vm Vl > v j
*aspirated consonants mutate the same as non-aspirated ones, except: mʰ > wʰ, nʰ > nʰ, lʰ > wʰ, wʰ > wʰ
 
=====Urú=====
*np nb nt nd nʈ nɖ n! ng! nk ng > b m d n ɖ ɳ g! ŋ! g ŋ
*nf ns nɧ > v z ɧ̬
*nsm nsn > m n
*nsp nst nsʈ ns! (nsk) > mʰ nʰ ɳʰ ŋʰ! ŋʰ
*nsl > l
=====Pharyngealization split=====
*Cl, Cʀ > Cˁ
*s-ʀ > hˁ, ʀ > ʔˁ
 
=====Other changes=====
*v > w
 
====Pre-OZw > OZw====
*a aː > æ æː
*e i o u ø y > æ e ɑ o æ ø / _Cɐ
*eː iː oː øː uː yː > jaː eː waː ɥaː oː øː / _Cɐ
*a e i > o ø y / _Cʊ
*aː eː iː > oː øː yː / _Cʊ
*final ɐ, ʊ lost
*ai aw ay > eː oː øː
*iɐ̯ eɐ̯ > iːa
*ɛɐ̯ > jaː
*uɐ̯ oɐ̯ > uːa
*ɔɐ̯ > waː
*yɐ̯ > yːa
*øɐ̯ > ɥaː
*aɐ̯ > æː
*ˁæ ˁe ˁi ˁo ˁø ˁu ˁy > ˁɑ ˁæ ˁe ˁɑ ˁæ ˁo ˁø
*ˁaː ˁeː ˁiː ˁoː ˁøː ˁuː ˁyː > ˁɑː ˁaw ˁew ˁaw ˁoy ˁow ˁoy
*ˁVɐ̯ > ˁəa (if V != a)
*ˁaɐ̯ > ˁaː > ˁɑː
*æː eː iː oː uː øː yː > eː iː ai uː aw yː oy (GVS)
*əa > əː
*əi əu əy > iː uː yː
*ˁəi ˁəu ˁəy > ai au oy
*pharyngealization lost; k-series and q-series (kˁ) remain distinct
 
====AW > OZw finals====
*cluster ending in fricative > breathy tone, cluster lost w/ compensatory lengthening
*cluster ending in plosive > glottalized tone, cluster lost w/ compensatory lengthening
*-w results from the first consonant in the final being a labial (unless final is single /-p/)
*-j results from /ç, ɧ/ as the first consonant
 
==Phonology==
===Consonants===
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;"
|+'''{{PAGENAME}} initials'''
! colspan="2"|
!Labial
!Alveolar
!Retroflex
!Click
!Velar
!Uvular
!Glottal
|-
! rowspan="2"|Nasal
! | <small>voiceless</small>
|/m̊/
|/n̊/
|/ɳ̊/
|/ŋ̊!/
|/ŋ̊/
|/ɴ̊/
|
|-
! | <small>voiced</small>
|/m/
|/n/
|/ɳ/
|/ŋ!/
|/ŋ/
|/ɴ/
|
|-
! rowspan="3"|Stop
! | <small>tenuis</small>
|/p/
|/t/
|/ʈ/
|/ǃ/
|/k/
|/q/
|/ʔ/
|-
! | <small>aspirated</small>
|/pʰ/
|/tʰ/
|/ʈʰ/
|/ǃʰ/
|/kʰ/
|/qʰ/
|
|-
! | <small>voiced</small>
|/b/
|/d/
|/ɖ/
|/ɡǃ/
|/ɡ/
|/ɢ/
|
|-
! rowspan="2"|Spirants
! | <small>voiceless</small>
|/f/
|/θ/
|
|/ɧ/
|/x/
|/χ/
|/h/
|-
! | <small>voiced</small>
|
|/ð/
|
|/ɧ̬/
|/ɣ/
|/ʁ/
|
|-
! rowspan="2"|Sibilants
! | <small>voiceless</small>
|
|/s/
|/ʂ/
|
|
|
|
|-
! | <small>voiced</small>
|
|/z/
|/ʐ/
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2"|Approximant
! | <small>voiceless</small>
|/ʍ/
|/l̥/
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! | <small>voiced</small>
|/w/
|/l/
|
|
|
|
|
|}
 
===Vowels===
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 540px; text-align:center;"
|+ '''{{PAGENAME}} vowels'''
|-
! rowspan="3" style="width: 90px; "|
! colspan="4" style="width: 180px; " |Front
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |Central
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |Back
|-
! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |<small>unrounded</small>
! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |<small>rounded</small>
|-
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
|-
! style="" |Close
| /i/
| /iː/
| /y/
| /yː/
|
|
| /u/
| /uː/
|-
! style="" |Mid
| /e/
| /eː/
| /ø/
| /øː/
|
| /əː/
| /ɔ/
| /oː/
|-
! style="" |Open
| /æ/
| /æː/
|
|
|
|
| /ɑ/
| /ɑː/
|}
 
Diphthongs: /ai au oy ja je iːa jaː wa wo uːa waː ɥa ɥø yːa ɥaː aiɐ auɐ oyɐ/
 
===Tones===
*(-p m)
*(-p b)
*(-p g)
*(+p m)
*(+p b)
*(+p g)
 
==Grammar==
For ordinal numerals: ''Schmielke'' 'order' e.g. ''wahm Schmielke Hauer'' 'the first king' (or ''Zwind''? any relation to ''zweid'' 'walk'?)
 
==Phrasebook==
''wahm, discher, narg, đauf, sälisch, stuhm, raut, lerz, pfarb, kier'':
 
va:m, dɪɧɐ, naɐ̯k, g!auf, ze:lɪɧ, ʃtu:m, ʀaut, lɛɐ̯ts, pfaɐ̯p, ki:ɐ̯
 
we:m, deɧ, ne:k, g!u:f, zi:lɧ, tʰaum, ʔˁaut, lja:ts, pʰe:p, kaiɐ̯
 
 
{{List subpages|caption=Related pages with more information}}
 
[[Category:Gamedan languages]][[Category:Wiebic languages]][[Category:Hussmauch]]

Latest revision as of 20:26, 7 July 2018

  • hüläfä (m) = legend
  • Əstansə (m) = a holiday
  • əgiti (PLak *àgit 'fall' + -s) (f) = autumn
  • lisdəw (v) = to learn (< lidəw 'to find')

Numbers

0-12: ñic, dän, rat, əscəw, əmšäk, ümuc, dak, ešəb, oläy, taf, suyäw, üsruk

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