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{{Types of conlangs}} | {{Types of conlangs}} | ||
An '''a posteriori''' language (from [[w:Latin language|Latin]] [[wikt:a posteriori]] - from the | An '''a posteriori''' language (from [[w:Latin language|Latin]] [[wikt:a posteriori|a posteriori]] - from the latter), according to [[w:Louis Couturat|Louis Couturat]], is any [[constructed language]] whose elements are borrowed or based on existing languages, as opposed to the [[A priori|''a priori'' languages]]. | ||
The ''a posteriori'' languages can be divided into three categories: | The ''a posteriori'' languages can be divided into three categories: | ||
* Simplified ethnic languages, like [[w:Basic English|Basic English]] or [[Latino sine flexione]] | * Simplified ethnic languages, like [[w:Basic English|Basic English]] or [[w:Latino_sine_flexione|Latino sine flexione]] | ||
* Naturalistic languages, i.e. closest to the real ethnic languages (most often Latin or Romance languages), like the [[ | * Naturalistic languages, i.e. closest to the real ethnic languages (most often Latin or Romance languages), like the [[w:Occidental_language|Occidental language]] or [[w:Interlingua|Interlingua]] | ||
* Autonomous (schematic) languages, in which grammar is ''a priori'' but vocabulary is ''a posteriori'', like [[Esperanto]] or, to some extent, [[Volapük]]. | * Autonomous (schematic) languages, in which grammar is ''a priori'' but vocabulary is ''a posteriori'', like [[w:Esperanto|Esperanto]] or, to some extent, [[w:Volapük|Volapük]]. | ||
In distinguishing whether the language is ''a priori'' or ''a posteriori'' the prevalence and distribution of respectable traits is often the key. | In distinguishing whether the language is ''a priori'' or ''a posteriori'' the prevalence and distribution of respectable traits is often the key. | ||
Latest revision as of 23:12, 10 July 2017
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An a posteriori language (from Latin a posteriori - from the latter), according to Louis Couturat, is any constructed language whose elements are borrowed or based on existing languages, as opposed to the a priori languages.
The a posteriori languages can be divided into three categories:
- Simplified ethnic languages, like Basic English or Latino sine flexione
- Naturalistic languages, i.e. closest to the real ethnic languages (most often Latin or Romance languages), like the Occidental language or Interlingua
- Autonomous (schematic) languages, in which grammar is a priori but vocabulary is a posteriori, like Esperanto or, to some extent, Volapük.
In distinguishing whether the language is a priori or a posteriori the prevalence and distribution of respectable traits is often the key.
References
- Louis Couturat, Les nouvelles langues internationales. Paris: Hachette. 1907. With Léopold Leau. Republished 2001, Olms.
- Louis Couturat, Étude sur la dérivation dans la langue internationales. 1910. Paris: Delagrave. 100 p.
See also
- A priori language
- Category:A posteriori - list of a posteriori languages on Linguifex.