Contionary:vaja: Difference between revisions
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==[[Jugsnorsk]]== | ==[[Jugsnorsk]]== | ||
===Etymology=== | ===Etymology=== | ||
Inherited from {{der|jugs|vhus| | Inherited from {{der|jugs|vhus|węja}}, from {{der|jugs|non|vera}} (Eastern ''wæʀa''). {{cog|jugs|da|være|is|vera|no|være|sv|vara}} | ||
====Alternative forms==== | ====Alternative forms==== | ||
{{term|ǫja}} (''with w- assimilation'') | {{term|ǫja}} (''with w- assimilation'') | ||
| Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
====Verb==== | ====Verb==== | ||
{{head|jugs|verb}} | {{head|jugs|verb|present '''vaj-''' or ''''j-''', past '''váj-'''}} | ||
#{{lb|jugs|ambitransitive}} to be | #{{lb|jugs|ambitransitive}} to be | ||
##{{lb|jugs|transitive|copulative}} to be | ##{{lb|jugs|transitive|copulative}} to be | ||
| Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
##{{lb|jugs|intransitive}} to exist | ##{{lb|jugs|intransitive}} to exist | ||
#{{lb|jugs|auxiliary|with supine}} ''used to form the future tense'' | #{{lb|jugs|auxiliary|with supine}} ''used to form the future tense'' | ||
#:{{ux|jugs| | #:{{ux|jugs|ę'gátt''''jut''' <small>(<ęk gátt vajut)</small> hýp...?|I '''won't''' get a puppy...?}} | ||
=====Usage notes===== | =====Usage notes===== | ||
When used with an adjective, ''vaja'' expresses permanent qualities, whereas ''{{term|hava}}'' expresses temporary qualities. Both ''vaja'' and ''hava'' take a nominative object when used as a copula. | When used with an adjective, ''vaja'' expresses permanent qualities, whereas ''{{term|hava}}'' expresses temporary qualities. Both ''vaja'' and ''hava'' take a nominative object when used as a copula. | ||
As with ''hava'', ''vaja'' rarely appears in its full form, especially for younger speakers, most often appearing with the ''va-'' removed, as'' 'ja'' | As with ''hava'', ''vaja'' rarely appears in its full form, especially for younger speakers, most often appearing with the ''va-'' removed, as'' 'ja''. Also as with ''hava'', when used as an auxiliary, it is always shortened and appended to the end of the other verb's supine form, thus ''átt'ju'', not ''átt vaju'' nor ''(va)ju átt''. | ||
Note that the mediopassive forms are rare or colloquial. | |||
The present indicative forms often appear as ''a(j)-'' for older speakers, the active singular present indicative most often appearing as ''a'' | The present indicative forms often appear as ''a(j)-'' for older speakers, the active singular present indicative most often appearing as ''a''. | ||
=====Inflection===== | =====Inflection===== | ||
Latest revision as of 12:23, 26 March 2026
Jugsnorsk
Etymology
Inherited from Varhúsnorsk węja, from Old Norse vera (Eastern wæʀa). Cognate to Danish være, Icelandic vera, Norwegian være, Swedish vara.
Alternative forms
ǫja (with w- assimilation)
Pronunciation
Verb
vaja (present vaj- or 'j-, past váj-)
- (ambitransitive) to be
- (transitive, copulative) to be
- k'ju (< ęk vaju) sélā!
- I'm happy!
- (intransitive) to exist
- (transitive, copulative) to be
- (auxiliary, with supine) used to form the future tense
- ę'gátt'jut (<ęk gátt vajut) hýp...?
- I won't get a puppy...?
Usage notes
When used with an adjective, vaja expresses permanent qualities, whereas hava expresses temporary qualities. Both vaja and hava take a nominative object when used as a copula.
As with hava, vaja rarely appears in its full form, especially for younger speakers, most often appearing with the va- removed, as 'ja. Also as with hava, when used as an auxiliary, it is always shortened and appended to the end of the other verb's supine form, thus átt'ju, not átt vaju nor (va)ju átt.
Note that the mediopassive forms are rare or colloquial.
The present indicative forms often appear as a(j)- for older speakers, the active singular present indicative most often appearing as a.
Inflection
| non-finites | active | mediopassive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | past | present | past | ||
| infinitive | vaja | vája | vajask | vájask | |
| participle | vajaddi | véðj | vajaddisk | vétsk | |
| supine | — | vét | — | vétsk | |
| indicative | present | past | present | past | |
| singular | vaju | váju | vajusk | vájusk | |
| plural | vajū | vájū | vajūsk | vájūsk | |
| subjunctive | present | past | present | past | |
| singular | vaji | váji | vajisk | vájisk | |
| plural | vajī | vájī | vajīsk | vájīsk | |
| imperative | present | present | |||
| singular | vé | vésk | |||
| plural | vajið | vajitsk | |||
| non-finites | active | mediopassive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | past | present | past | ||
| infinitive | vajat | vájat | vajaska | vájaska | |
| participle | vajaddit | véðjat | vajaddiska | vétska | |
| supine | — | vétat | — | vétska | |
| indicative | present | past | present | past | |
| singular | vajut | vájut | vajuska | vájuska | |
| plural | vajūt | vájūt | vajūska | vájūska | |
| subjunctive | present | past | present | past | |
| singular | vajit | vájit | vajiska | vájiska | |
| plural | vajīt | vájīt | vajīska | vájīska | |
| imperative | present | present | |||
| singular | vajat | véska | |||
| plural | vajiðat | vajitska | |||
Categories:
- Jugsnorsk terms derived from Varhúsnorsk
- Jugsnorsk terms derived from Old Norse
- Jugsnorsk terms with Danish cognates
- Jugsnorsk terms with Icelandic cognates
- Jugsnorsk terms with Norwegian cognates
- Jugsnorsk terms with Swedish cognates
- Contionary
- Jugsnorsk lemmas
- Jugsnorsk verbs
- Jugsnorsk transitive verbs
- Jugsnorsk intransitive verbs
- Jugsnorsk copulative verbs
- Jugsnorsk terms with usage examples
- Jugsnorsk auxiliary verbs
- Jugsnorsk class 5 strong verbs
- Jugsnorsk suppletive verbs