User:IlL/Sketchbook: Difference between revisions
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== | == Burmese roms == | ||
=== v0 === | |||
<poem> | |||
Ŧăȷā hmȷạ·ŧạ luc·lac khȷīnh nẹ mă tuê | |||
ta.ra: hmya. ta. lwat lap hkrang: nai. ma. swe | |||
[tɪ.já m̥ja̰.ta̰ lʊʔ.laʔ t͡ɕʰɪ́ŋ nɛ̰ mə t̪wè ǀ] | |||
Độ pȷê, độ mȷê | |||
tui. prany, tui. mre | |||
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǁ] | |||
Mȷā lu khat·tê̄nh nhê̄nh·gkhȷan zxê bộ | |||
mya: lu hkap sim: ngrim: hkyam: ce hpo. | |||
[mjá lù kʰaʔ.t̪éɪ̯ŋ ɲéɪ̯ɰ̃.d͡ʑán zè βo̰ ǀ] | |||
Khuỵnh ŧu·nhı hmȷạ, wa·đạ phȷu·xınh đŧệ pȷê | |||
hkwang. tu nyi hmya. wada. hpyu cang tai. prany | |||
[kʰwɪ̰ŋ tù.ɲì m̥ja̰ ǀ wà.da̰ (ǀ) pʰjù.sɪ̀ŋ dḛ pjè ǀ] | |||
Độ pȷê, độ mȷê | |||
tui. prany tui. mre | |||
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǁ] | |||
Pȷı·đŧhong·zxụ ămuê ămȷē ŧı·đŧạn zxê | |||
prany htaung cu. a mwi a.mrai: tany tam. ce | |||
[pjì.dàʊ̯ŋ.zṵ ʔə.mwè ʔ(ə.)mjɛ́ tì.da̰ŋ zè] | |||
Ă·đêch·ŧhan pȷụ bpê, ŧhênh·tênh zxộ lê | |||
a.dhithtan pru. pe htin: sim: cui. le | |||
[ʔ(ə.)deɪ̯ʔ.tʰàn pjṵ βè ǀ tʰéɪ̯ŋ.t̪éɪ̯ŋ zo̰ lè ǁ] | |||
Găba mă kȷê, Mȷăma pȷê | |||
kambha ma. kye, mranma prany | |||
[ɡ(ə.)βà mə t͡ɕè ǀ mjə.mà pjè ǀ] | |||
Độ bô̄·boā ămuê xıch mộ khȷıch mȷat nô̄ bê | |||
tui. bhui: bwa: a.mwe cac mui. hkyac mrat nui: pe | |||
[do̰ βó.bwá (ʔə.)mwè sɪʔ mo̰ t͡ɕʰɪʔ mjaʔ nó βè ǁ] | |||
Pȷi·đŧhong·zxụ gô ătet pê̄ lộ độ ka goe mălê | |||
prany htaung cu. kui a.sak pe: lui. tui. ka kwai ma.le | |||
[pjì.dàʊ̯ŋ.zṵ ɡò ʔ(ə.)t̪ɛʔ pé lo̰ do̰ kà ɡwɛ̀ m(ə.)lè ǀ] | |||
Đa độ pȷê đa độ mȷê độ panh·net mȷê | |||
da tui. prany da tui. mre tui. puing nak mre | |||
[dà do̰ pjè dà do̰ mjè do̰ pàɪ̯ŋ.nɛʔ mjè ǀ] | |||
Độ pȷê, độ mȷê, ăkjô̄ gô nhı·nha zxoa độ đăđuê | |||
tui. prany tui. mre a.kyui: kui nyi nya cwa tui. ta.twe | |||
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǀ ʔ(ə.)t͡ɕó ɡò ǀ ɲì.ɲà zwà do̰ d(ə.)dwè ǀ] | |||
Ŧhān xhong ba zxộ lê, độ ta·wung bê ăphô̄·ŧan mȷê | |||
htam: hcaung pa sui. le tui. ta wan pe a. hpui: tan mre | |||
[tʰán sʰàʊ̯ŋ bà zo̰ lè ǀ do̰ tà.wʊ̀ŋ bè ʔ(ə.)pʰó.tàn mjè ǁ] | |||
</poem> | |||
=== v1 === | |||
<poem> | |||
Tyȷā hmȷȧtȧ luqlaq khȷīɴ nɛ̇ my þwe | |||
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe | |||
Mȷā lu khaqþēɴ nȷēɴgkhȷaɴ zse bȯ | |||
Khwiɴ tunȷı hmȷȧ, wadȧ phȷusıɴ dtė pȷe | |||
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe | |||
Pȷıdthɔɴzsu̇ ymwe ymȷɛ̇ tıdtȧɴ zse | |||
Ydeqthaɴ pȷu̇ bpe, thenþeɴ zsȯ le | |||
Gyba my kȷe, Mȷyma pȷe | |||
Dȯ bōbwā ymwe sıq mȯ khȷıq mȷaq nō be | |||
Gyba my kȷe, Mȷyma pȷe | |||
Dȯ bōbwā ymwe sıq mȯ khȷıq mȷaq nō be | |||
Pȷidthɔɴzsu̇ go yþɛq pē lȯ dȯ ka gwɛ myle | |||
Da dȯ pȷe da dȯ mȷe dė pɛɴnɛq mȷe | |||
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe, ykjō go nȷınȷa zwa dȯ dydwe | |||
Thāɴ shɔɴ ba zsȯ le, dȯ þawuɴ be yphōtaɴ mȷe | |||
</poem> | |||
=== v2 === | |||
<poem> | |||
Tyjā hmjătă luqlaq khjīɴ nɛ{{breve}} my þwe | |||
Dŏ pje, dŏ mje | |||
Mjā lu khaqþēɴ njēɴgkhjaɴ zse bŏ | |||
Khwĭɴ tunji hmjă, wadă phjusiɴ dtĕ pȷe | |||
Dŏ pje, dŏ mje | |||
Pjidthɔɴzsŭ ymwe ymjɛ{{breve}} tıdtăɴ zse | |||
Ydeqthaɴ pjŭ bpe, thenþeɴ zsŏ le | |||
Gyba my kje, Mjyma pje | |||
Dŏ bōbwā ymwe siq mŏ khjiq mjaq nō be | |||
Gyba my kje, Mjyma pje | |||
Dŏ bōbwā ymwe siq mŏ khjiq mjaq nō be | |||
Pjĭdthɔɴzsŭ go yþɛq pē lŏ dŏ ka gwɛ myle | |||
Da dŏ pje da dŏ mje dĕ pɛɴnɛq mje | |||
Dŏ pȷe, dŏ mȷe, ykjō go njinja zwa dŏ dydwe | |||
Thāɴ shɔɴ ba zsŏ le, dŏ þawuɴ be yphōtaɴ mje | |||
</poem> | |||
=== v3 === | |||
Deliberately English/German-like | |||
Ch for aspiration, þ/ð for dental stops | |||
Superscript the original consonant before a voiced initial that's a result of voicing sandhi | |||
<poem> | |||
Rimes: | |||
ị i ī ịn in īn it | |||
ẹ e ē ạne ane āne ate | |||
ạre are āre ịne ine īne ite | |||
ạ a ā ạn an ān at et | |||
ạw aw āw ọun oun ōun out | |||
ọ o ō ọne one ōne ote | |||
ụ u ū ọon oon ōon oot | |||
</poem> | |||
<poem> | |||
<sup>k</sup>gəba ma che, myəma pye | |||
dọ bōbwā əmwe sit mọ chhit myat nō be | |||
</poem> | |||
== World's worst romanization for Vietnamese == | |||
=== Initials === | |||
<poem> | |||
ñ ɟ̃ ỹ q̃ = m n nh ng | |||
n{{lsb}} n þ ɟ ꞃ y q = p b t đ tr ch c/k/qu | |||
f ɟ{{lrb}} q{{lrb}} = ph th kh | |||
ſ p{{lrb}} = x s | |||
ƿ ȷ j r = v d gi g | |||
λ p = l r | |||
</poem> | |||
The initials ʔ h are indicated by placing spiritus lenis and spiritus asper above the first letter, and {{angbr|ƿ}} is used for the /w/ medial: ƿηɟ̃, Ƿ{{lsb}}ηɟ̃, ƿ{{lrb}}ηɟ̃s = viên, Uyên, huyền. | |||
=== Nuclei === | |||
* u ɯ w e ɘ ə ɵ æ a ɐ ɑ = i/y ư u ê ơ â ô e a ă o | |||
* η ξ ω = ia/iê, ưa/ươ, ua/uô | |||
=== Finals === | |||
* ñ ɟ̃ ỹ q̃ = m n nh ng | |||
* n ɟ y q = p t ch c | |||
* ι υ = /-j -w/ | |||
=== Tones === | |||
tones: -0 -s -b -m -v -d = ngang, huyen, sac, nang, hoi, nga | |||
==Hōbispellum Jōhannis Tōtiscē== | |||
<poem> | |||
1:1 In occinunquā vore Verbum, ante Verbum vore ob Hutum, ante Hutus vore Verbum. | |||
1:2 Tod vore in occinunquā ob Hutum. | |||
1:3 Alla terque eum magāta sunt, ante enū eō magātum est nēctis, quod magātum est. | |||
1:4 In eō līpum vore, ante līpum vore lūctum lūbium. | |||
</poem> | |||
==Semantic drifts== | |||
===Truth=== | |||
*true/proof > guilt | |||
*to stand, to stay, to be straight up > to be true | |||
*true/show/prove > to vindicate > to win | |||
==Dakelh/Tlingit inspired Dodellic== | |||
==Bylȳn== | |||
[[Main_Page/Themsarian]] | |||
put in Dodellic; Wdm substrate | |||
phonology: | |||
*/m n p b t d tš dž k g (glottal stop) f s š x H h v z ž r l/ {{angbr|m n p b t d ť ď k g q f s š ch x h v z ž r l}} | |||
*/a e i u y a: e: i: u: y: ai au iə uə/ {{angbr|a e i u y aa ee ii uu yy ai au ie ua}} | |||
**Responsible for Wdm vowel shift: *u > ü, *o > u, *a > o, *ä > a | |||
*pitch accent | |||
==Trician doublets== | |||
*Thensarian ardlaccātom > atxagátañ (via Nurian) ~ dlahgað (via Tigol) ~ glyçád (via glăchad) ~ plahad (via Clofabosin placadin) - various stringed instruments | |||
*Pida (Mărotłian teacher) ~ pda (Dr.) ~ Modern Wdm. pra (honorific pronoun) | |||
==Silly language family trees== | |||
*Trigonic languages | |||
**Sinitic | |||
***Mandarin | |||
***Cantonese | |||
****Schwyzerdütsch | |||
***Sinaitic | |||
****Phoenician | |||
*****Greek | |||
******Inuktitut | |||
**Coshitic | |||
***Vietnamese | |||
****Sinh | |||
****Tanh | |||
****Sech | |||
***Hyperbolgarian | |||
***Beta | |||
***Proto-Afro-Asiatic | |||
**Deltan languages (aka Newtono-Leibnizic) | |||
***Hessian German | |||
***Turingian German | |||
****[[Tyrith]] (from older ''*Türiŋit'') | |||
****Lambda calculus | |||
****Mathematica | |||
****C++ | |||
*****Sanskrit | |||
**Triforcian languages | |||
***Hylian | |||
****Tritriforcian languages | |||
*****Tritritriforcian languages | |||
******... | |||
*******Sierpińskian | |||
==Qiala Gaivuan's Dwarvish== | |||
Wäßßmerian/Highlands Wiobian consonant shift (stolen wholesale from High German consonant shift): | |||
Phase 1 (final or intervocallic): | |||
/p/ > /f/ <''f''> | |||
/t/ > /s/ <''ß''> | |||
/c/ > /ç/ > later /z/ bzw. /ʃ/ <''s/sch''> | |||
/k/ > /x/ > later /χ/ <''ch''> | |||
Phase 2 (initial, geminated or after a resonant) | |||
/p/ > /pf/ <''pf''> | |||
/t/ > /ts/ <''ßß''> > word initially /s/ <''ß''> | |||
/c/ > /cç/ > later /''tʃ''/ <zsch> | |||
/k/ > /kx/ > later /''χ''/ <ch> | |||
Phase 3 | |||
/b/ > /p/ fortis or lenis <''p''> | |||
/d/ > /t/ fortis or lenis <''t''> | |||
/ɟ/ > /c/ fortis or lenis <''z''> | |||
/g/ > /k/ fortis or lenis <''k''> | |||
Other changes: | |||
/θ~ð/ > /d/ > later lenis /t/ <''d''> | |||
/f~v/ > /b/ > later lenis /p/ <''b''> (after a vowel) | |||
/sk, çk/ > sch /ʃ/ | |||
Auslautverhärtung | |||
==Paucal of humility== | |||
There are three numbers: singular ({{sc|sg}}) representing one object, paucal ({{sc|pc}}) for a few, and plural ({{sc|pl}}) for many. The paucal form usually denotes two to nine items, but the boundary between paucal and plural is quite fluid; a paucal could be used for a larger number for contrast with a much larger number of things. The plural number in pronouns also serves as an honorific; complementarily, using paucal pronouns where a plural is expected entails a "dishonorific", humble or pejorative meaning. | |||
==Something with my old Tsjoen grammar== | |||
Txapoalli? Naquic? | |||
==Manxome (Manx-Hmoob hybrid)== | |||
A close relative of Skellan with the GVS? Or is this just Ko? | |||
Cedilla and double vowel mania | |||
Mix in a little Dutch? | |||
==IE conlang ideas== | |||
*'want' from bhr-h1s- (bear-DES) | |||
*"try 1SG-ACC VERB-INF" = try to VERB me (actually looks pretty german) | |||
=="Ah, meine Treußer" gibs== | |||
*Săchał yang hălsreaf chrăthüng fi pdath yas măfongșor! Wănguas fi binreach wangsăfab thearłăsab făneyșumab pălontumab acsitumab gopliximab fizoraximab prozamumab cabituzumab... Ah, endocebuxin! | |||
*sčʼutaʔɬ čəd dzəlxʷʔad ʔal kʷi sqʷadbəʔid! shuʔədəb šiƛ̕x̌adil stab dzastidil balustadil xʷəʔsdətapril kʷinapazil bəsmanadil quizoradil daquinadil sperotidil prolixudil... Ah, endolucrifen! | |||
==Some old gibs== | |||
Neuber und Seigen driechen das Fauensammer. | |||
Und Pfurges ummärten den Sieberschmüstchen | |||
der Meichtel und die kreuge haben den Ofel angeschninkelt! | |||
der Strahme der hüffneden ist an síreochta dréag agus fhóineocht. | |||
(irish gib is also easy to adapt) | |||
Und dauchte die Miegung. | |||
Agus sráineann an mhóilte i bhfáirdeacha. | |||
An dtrídeach tú leim an mheidreach? | |||
und die dréanoigh na chloiste is clóireach | |||
makk praom krenn tae leontóin agus dreangachtaí | |||
Zohnung schweifen der mahl tröhnen | |||
Cáróidh meim fhíreasá sróidheamh táin a chúloigh a fháir a cheim | |||
sróitreáneidh na pradhaoibhiú té bheir sa dhímeá 'bhifeóirsi tha | |||
Pirandetam ver ketassinosin ket ligerinogenine | |||
Du sümmelst so gapfer an, wenn du in solch schnöpfen, geschrammten Hückeln inframierst! Ich ingräliere dir, indem ich dir einen Beschlaubszwicher antabere. Ich möchte dir einen schlaarige Garulierer anzülfen, damit du in gezührigen Anschniegsgahmen verschnülzern kannst. | |||
die Anschrängerungen verkiech die Redangierungen, indem sie deren Gespalchsfeunungen rekredabierte. | |||
Der Aufschlied zwand die Mäste, um ihrer Begeifigungen zu verknieren. | |||
Αν ο φαγγαλος τεθεγμασται την ψαθην και τον κιμαρρον! | |||
Αναι μεν γαρ δεδαγγασμενοι ηλετησαν ινε τον φραθμον. | |||
Ο φιστώτης και η νίψ κεκλαμμένοι εισίν. | |||
Sʼeik beih Đâh kglumm gnüar Haem Päh jehn knuck Lö Mott nihr ngå Pluh Reaz Sra Ksaot teap klav Waü Zeay Þael | |||
Azz kemm jick gno Sruck bâzz skång mäch dö' Lümm dak mihn mu påhng Sjä Kbael Pfeiz rao Smau tngaör zbaü lean Sek Woh tböhng sia Koas Tuah Gnüang | |||
==Scope of negation== | |||
different negative markers for scope | |||
==Llanfair...gogogoch gib== | |||
Reduplication (goch > gogogoch) | |||
==Fyxámian national anthem== | |||
===Eevo=== | |||
===English translation=== | |||
====Verse 1==== | |||
<poem> | |||
[...] | |||
[...] | |||
''From antipode to antipode'' | |||
''Men of thy deeds do sing.'' | |||
</poem> | |||
====Refrain==== | |||
==Book and paper titles in Eevo== | |||
*(''A Bound for the Number of Points on Elliptic Curves over Finite Fields'') | |||
*(''Spectral Sequences of Algebraic Varieties'') | |||
*''Mroga-xiv ry blwhir jybinþylisár ar jonda jynéeb'' (''Zeta Functions of Algebraic Curves over Finite Fields'') (fT 2259) | |||
*''Regular Temperaments'' | |||
==Primitive Seargais== | |||
<poem> | <poem> | ||
long vowels: | |||
a: e: i: o: u: æ: ø: y: from | |||
broad á aí/ai/oi oí/uí/ui ó/ao ú/ua/ui ái ói/aío/aoi úi/oío/uío/uai | |||
slender eá ei/éi/éa í/ia/iai eo iú/io/iu ea/éa/eai/eái eoi iúi/ío | |||
éa becomes æ: before broad d, n, l and r, and e: elsewhere | |||
ui becomes u: before broad d, n, l and r, and i: elsewhere | |||
short vowels: | |||
a e i o u -> a ʲa ʲɨ a ɨ | |||
changes from proto seargais to seargais | |||
high vowels move one POA | |||
(u -> ü, ü -> i but aü stays put) | |||
there's the merger | |||
now o becomes u to fill in the gap, a becomes o and æ becomes a | |||
a e i o u æ ø y -> | |||
o e i u y a ø i | |||
e -> ə | |||
which triggers i -> ia, ia -> e, y -> i, u -> ɨ, o -> u, a -> ua, ua -> o | |||
so i get | |||
a e i o u æ ø y ia ua ai au ay -> | |||
o e i u y a ø i ia ua ai au ay -> | |||
u ə ia ɨ i ua _ ia e o ai au _ | |||
ø -> ɛ -> a while ay -> aɨ | |||
u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ (i now have all the vowels!) | |||
breathy voice ablaut patterns: | |||
e/i/ai -> ə/ia/ai | |||
o/u/au -> ɨ/i/au | |||
ö/ü/aü -> a/ia/aɨ | |||
chaotic! | |||
a/ua -> u/o | |||
ä/ia -> ua/e | |||
spelling: a e i o u y w = /a e i o u ə ɨ/ | |||
short a -> y | |||
short ɨ -> w (very few modern Seargais speakers make the distinction between the short vowels using y for both) | |||
</poem> | |||
===Seargais superstrate=== | |||
<poem> | |||
same breathy voice pattern except there's a GVS | |||
a e i o u ä ö ü ua ia ai au aü -> | |||
o i ai u au e ü aü uo ie ä a a | |||
compare | |||
u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ | |||
these are heard by seargais speakers as | |||
o i ai u au ə ɨ aɨ e o e a a | |||
</poem> | |||
===Seargais consonants=== | |||
<poem> | |||
p t q pʰ tʰ χ m n w θ ʟ r tɬ ɬ (broad) | |||
f ts k f ts kʰ m n j s ɬ r tʃ ʃ (slender) | |||
Urú'ed: | |||
m n ʟ mʰ nʰ χ m n pf θ ʟ r nl tɬ (broad) | |||
m n ŋ mʰ nʰ ŋʰ m n f ts ɬ r n tʃ (slender) | |||
the combined set of phonemes: | |||
p pʰ t tʰ k kʰ q | |||
f θ s ɬ ʃ χ | |||
pf ts tɬ tʃ | |||
m mʰ n nʰ ŋ ŋʰ nl | |||
j w ʟ r | |||
h is missing | |||
broad sm and sn can become h | |||
urúing to tʰ | |||
actually it should stay as θm and θn | |||
θm -> voiceless m -> h also works | |||
it doesn't impact the morphology | |||
</poem> | </poem> | ||
== | ==Huichaltzah's alien language== | ||
p pʰ t tʰ ts tsʰ tɬ tɬʰ k kʰ kʟ kʟʰ | |||
s ɬ x h | |||
m n ŋ | |||
l ʟ w j | |||
a e i o ar er ir or (rhotic vowels) | |||
Grammar: Rhotic vowel harmony, CW with many cases | |||
==Bändli== | |||
Zulu pseudo-gib | |||
===Initials=== | |||
schm, m > m, mh | |||
schn, n > n, nh | |||
schng/kn, ng > ng, ngh | |||
/ | sp, p, b, gep/geb > p, ph, bh, b | ||
st, t, d, get/ged > t, th, dh, d | |||
ŧ, sŧ, đ, geŧ/geđ > qh, q, nqh, gq | |||
k, g, gek/geg > kh, gh, g | |||
r > hh | |||
f, w > f, v | |||
fl, kl, schl > hl | |||
bl, gl > dl | |||
pfr, fr, tr, kr, schr > kl /x~kx/ | |||
br, dr, gr > gl /ɣ~gɣ/ | |||
j > y | |||
schw > f | |||
z, s, sch > s, z, sh | |||
ent- > prenasalization | |||
===Consonants=== | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | | |||
! rowspan="2" | Labial | |||
! colspan="2" | Alveolar | |||
! rowspan="2" | Palatal | |||
! rowspan="2" | Velar | |||
! rowspan="2" | Glottal | |||
|- | |||
! central | |||
! lateral | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="4" | Click | |||
! plain | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| {{IPA|ǃ}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! aspirated | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| {{IPA|ǃʰ}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! nasalised | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| {{IPA|ᵑǃ}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! breathy nasalised | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| {{IPA|ᶢǃʱ}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | Nasal | |||
! plain | |||
| {{IPA|m}} | |||
| {{IPA|n}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| ŋ | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! breathy | |||
| {{IPA|mʱ}} | |||
| {{IPA|nʱ}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| {{IPA|ŋʱ}} | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="4" | Stop | |||
! voiceless | |||
| {{IPA|p}} | |||
| {{IPA|t}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! aspirated | |||
| {{IPA|pʰ}} | |||
| {{IPA|tʰ}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| {{IPA|kʰ}} | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! breathy | |||
| {{IPA|b}} | |||
| {{IPA|d}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| {{IPA|ɡ}} | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! implosive | |||
| {{IPA|ɓ}} | |||
| ɗ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| ɠ | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | Fricative | |||
! voiceless | |||
| {{IPA|f}} | |||
| {{IPA|s}} | |||
| {{IPA|ɬ}} | |||
| {{IPA|ʃ}} | |||
| x | |||
| {{IPA|h}} | |||
|- | |||
! breathy | |||
| {{IPA|v}} | |||
| {{IPA|z}} | |||
| {{IPA|ɮ}} | |||
| | |||
| ɣ | |||
| {{IPA|ɦ}} | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | Approximant | |||
! plain | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| {{IPA|l}} | |||
| {{IPA|j}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
===Vowels=== | |||
i ï u e ë o ä a /i ɨ u e ə o æ ɑ/ | |||
===Tones=== | |||
No tone | |||
==Some Clofablang== | |||
*Vowels: æ ɪ i ʌ ə ʊ ʉ | |||
*Vowel harmony groups: | |||
**high tense: i ʉ | |||
**high lax: ɪ ʊ | |||
**low: æ ʌ | |||
**ə is neutral | |||
==Russo-Salish== | |||
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center" | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan="2" colspan="2"| | |||
!colspan="2" | Labial | |||
!colspan="2" | Alveolar | |||
!rowspan="2" | Retroflex | |||
!colspan="2" | Velar | |||
!rowspan="2" | Glottal | |||
|- | |||
! <small>hard</small> | |||
! <small>soft</small> | |||
! <small>hard</small> | |||
! <small>soft</small> | |||
! <small>soft</small> | |||
! <small>hard</small> | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan="2"| Nasal | |||
!<small>glottalized</small> | |||
| || | |||
| n̪ʼ || nʲʼ | |||
| | |||
| ŋʲʼ | |||
| ŋʼ | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
!<small>plain</small> | |||
| m || mʲ | |||
| n̪ || nʲ | |||
| | |||
| ŋʲ | |||
| ŋ | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan="3" | Stop | |||
!<small>plain</small> | |||
| || | |||
| t̪ || tʲ | |||
| | |||
| kʲ | |||
| k | |||
| ʔ | |||
|- | |||
!<small>ejective</small> | |||
| || | |||
| t̪ʼ || tʲʼ | |||
| | |||
| kʲʼ | |||
| kʼ | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
!<small>voiced</small> | |||
| b || bʲ | |||
| d̪ || dʲ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan="3" | Affricate | |||
!<small>plain</small> | |||
| || | |||
| ts || tsʲ | |||
| tʂ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
!<small>ejective</small> | |||
| || | |||
| tsʼ || tsʲʼ | |||
| tʂʼ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
!<small>voiced</small> | |||
| || | |||
| dz || dzʲ | |||
| dʐ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan="2"|Fricative | |||
!<small>voiceless</small> | |||
| f || fʲ | |||
| s || sʲ | |||
| ʂ | |||
| xʲ | |||
| x | |||
| h | |||
|- | |||
!<small>voiced</small> | |||
| v || vʲ | |||
| z || zʲ | |||
| ʐ | |||
| ɣʲ | |||
| ɣ | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan=2| Approximant | |||
!<small>glottalized</small> | |||
| || | |||
| lˠʼ || lʲʼ | |||
| | |||
| jʼ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
!<small>plain</small> | |||
| || | |||
| lˠ || lʲ | |||
| | |||
| j | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 540px; text-align:center;" | |||
! style="width: 90px; "| | |||
! style="width: 90px; " |Front | |||
! style="width: 90px; " |Central | |||
! style="width: 90px; " |Back | |||
|- | |||
! style="" |Close | |||
| i | |||
| | |||
| u | |||
|- | |||
! style="" |Mid | |||
| | |||
| ə | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! style="" |Open | |||
| | |||
| a | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
==Salish + Old Chinese== | |||
m n ŋ ŋʷ | |||
mʼ nʼ ŋʼ ŋʷʼ | |||
p t ts k kʷ q qʷ ʔ | |||
pʼ tʼ tsʼ kʼ kʷʼ qʼ qʷʼ | |||
b d dz g gʷ ɢ ɢʷ | |||
s r rʼ l lʼ (+ phar'd versions of each) | |||
a e i o u ə | |||
== | ==CW language sketch== | ||
m n | |||
p t ts k q | |||
b d dz g | |||
s h ʀ | |||
w l r j | |||
i u | |||
e o | |||
æ a | |||
==Some auxlang?== | |||
== | |||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 500px; text-align:center;" | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 500px; text-align:center;" | ||
Line 188: | Line 768: | ||
! colspan="2" |Approximant | ! colspan="2" |Approximant | ||
| '''w''' /w~v/ | | '''w''' /w~v/ | ||
| '''l''' /l/ | | '''l''' /l/; '''r''' /r/ | ||
| '''y''' /j/ | | '''y''' /j/ | ||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" |Trill | |||
| | |||
| '''r''' /r/ | |||
| | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 223: | Line 810: | ||
===Phonotactics=== | ===Phonotactics=== | ||
Consonant clusters are disallowed, except medial geminates and -NC- sequences. Only | Consonant clusters are disallowed, except medial geminates and -NC- sequences. Only /p t k m n ŋ/ can come in word-final position. | ||
== | ==Σȣομʚ== | ||
Καʚκκʚ ʚⱶμʚσετ συντυϝητ ϝαπαʚνα ια τασαϝερταʚσʚνα αρϝολτααν ια οʚκεȣκσʚλτααν. Ⱶεʚλλε ον αννεττȣ ιηρκʚ ια οματȣντο, ια ⱶεʚδην ον τοʚμʚτταϝα τοʚσʚααν κοⱶτααν ϝελιευδεν ⱶεγγεσση. | |||
==Qe!== | |||
Jāheqozron vemālaerus qe doñanqerosy. | |||
=== | ==Pristac Guanorliviroc== | ||
<poem> | |||
Leißelbeiger Glündesschnock, | |||
bhfaoigh na dhruisce leis an ngloc, | |||
с куздом твачу зблодащок, | |||
pristac guanorliviroc! | |||
Tyűlöszöbbes hávaltok, | |||
ṇentronné veux mains du roque, | |||
geuteureun madeul ryeonmok, | |||
pristac guanorliviroc! | |||
Iūcullātur plexē hoc, | |||
Takzitxerri ezbantzok, | |||
Ηζειν ευθρασιν στουροκ, | |||
pristac guanorliviroc! | |||
Nguyết sảnh xưa nỡn hầng màu trọc, | |||
Cuālliquimeh huixōtloc, | |||
tʰˁawk pgəts məlˁaj n̊əŋs qʷʰˁraʔ tkʰˁens nˁrok, | |||
pristac guanorliviroc! | |||
Raamaanujanniaviusuq- | |||
qanngutsijałłaumiartuq, | |||
Post hoc ergo propter hoc, | |||
pristac guanorliviroc! | |||
Zíj phlàa vîek rang dèt Bangkok, | |||
Satthayaarongsamphonnok, | |||
Pikna la-magtef litzmok, | |||
pristac guanorliviroc! | |||
</poem> | |||
== | ==Finno-Arabic== | ||
/t tˁ k q ʔ f s sˁ x χ h m n l r w j a aa ə əə i ii u uu ai au əi əu ia ua iə uə/ | |||
== | ==Irish with pharyngealized consonants== | ||
/a/: a ea ae eae | |||
/e/: oeu eu oe e | |||
/i/: ai ia aia i | |||
/o/: o uo uea ue | |||
/u/: aua ua au u | |||
==Uncanny valley Korean== | |||
Consonants: /m n ŋ bʰ dʰ dzʰ gʰ p t ts k f s fʰ sʰ h w j r ʔ/ | |||
Postvocalic /ʔ/ may be realized as creaky voice. | |||
Vowels: /i ɨ u e ə o ɛ ɔ æ a/ | |||
==Proto-Eomujic== | |||
*ä, a, e, o | |||
*eu, i <- syllabic resonants | |||
*p t k p’ t’ k’ b d g | |||
*s z ts ts’ ʂ ʐ ʈʂ ʈʂ’ | |||
*m n ŋ r l ʀ w j h | |||
==Gleb phonologies== | ==Gleb phonologies== | ||
===SEA-esque=== | ===SEA-esque=== | ||
Line 371: | Line 975: | ||
Gleb seed 1408165181 | Gleb seed 1408165181 | ||
==A Damin== | ==A Damin== | ||
Line 399: | Line 985: | ||
*vowels: y ɤ æ | *vowels: y ɤ æ | ||
== | ==from An Bhlaoighne== | ||
<poem> | <poem> | ||
big: go qhéith | |||
small: go mionn (from Latin "minimus") | |||
long: go mheal | |||
short: go laomh | |||
wide: go raoi | |||
narrow: go cuachar | |||
thick: go scúil | |||
thin: go h-ádh | |||
woman: an fháixe, na bhfáixe | |||
man: an beathra, na mbeathra | |||
child: an stíotha, na stíotha | |||
mother: an feadhan-fháixe? | |||
father: an feadhan-beathra? | |||
na bhfeadhan-fháixe, na bhfeadhan-beathra | |||
wife: an sleith-fháixe | |||
husband: an sleith-beathra | |||
na dhsleith-fháixe, na dhsleith-beathra | |||
fish: an déimhe, na dhéimhe | |||
bird: an chuar, na cuar | |||
(all these are from the bhadhagha gib) | |||
dog: an lior, na lior | |||
louse: an h-úmha, na n-úmha | |||
snake: an bhfaost, na faost | |||
worm: an ghean, na ngean | |||
tree: an daodha, na dhaodha | |||
forest: an ríne, na ríne | |||
stick: an cuath, na chuath | |||
fruit: an thamha, na dtamha | |||
seed: an páile, na páile | |||
leaf: an fhuix, na bhfuix | |||
root: an dhóife, na dhóife | |||
bark: an cior, na cior | |||
flower: an qeógh, na qheógh | |||
grass: an rúiche, na rúiche | |||
rope: an mbuad, na bhuad | |||
skin: an geabh, na gheabh | |||
meat: an ceith, na gceith | |||
blood: an dhséabha, na dhséabha | |||
bone: an reist, na reist | |||
fat: an xuile, na xuile | |||
egg: an qé, na qhé *hmoob intensifies* | |||
horn: an n-aire, na h-aire | |||
tail: an h-aoi, na h-aoi | |||
feather: an gcoít, na choít | |||
hair: an núcha, na núcha | |||
head: an snith, na snith | |||
ear: an dtiocha, na tiocha | |||
eye: an fheirn, na bhfeirn | |||
nose: an gaoine, na ngaoine | |||
mouth: an cnuile, na chnuile | |||
tooth: an iacha, na h-iacha | |||
tongue: an bhlaoighne? 😀 | |||
fingernail: an sciofhth, na sciofhth | |||
foot: an reithe, na reithe | |||
leg: an ndeocha reith, na dheocha reith | |||
knee: an xionn reith, na dhxionn reith | |||
hand: flúin | |||
an bhflúin, na fhlúin | |||
arm: an ndeocha bhflúin, na dheocha bhflúin | |||
elbow: an xionn bhflúin, na dhxionn bhflúin | |||
wing: an ceamh, na gceamh | |||
belly: an táile, na tháile | |||
guts: an nquinneach, na quinneach | |||
neck: an xaoiphe, na xaoiphe | |||
back: an mbíolbh, na bíolbh | |||
breast: an dhsracht, na sracht | |||
heart: an luisc, na luisc | |||
liver: an steóisc, na dhsteóisc | |||
go neábha 'to drink' | |||
go séic 'to eat' | |||
go xumhadh 'to bite' | |||
go scéimh 'to suck' | |||
go fiara 'to spit, to eject' | |||
go fiara an néitheasach 'to vomit' | |||
go fíoxa 'to blow' | |||
go stúimhe 'to breathe' | |||
go sraoth 'to laugh' | |||
go bhfeirthe 'to see' | |||
go dtiodh 'to hear' | |||
go xeólaigh 'to know' | |||
go bhrainne 'to think' | |||
to smell: go mbuir | |||
fear: an xaoithe, na dhxaoithe | |||
to sleep: go h-uaileas | |||
to live: go chaith | |||
</poem> | </poem> | ||
dance: from An Bhlaoighne "dannsa" (to move to a beat), from "dann" (beat; imitative of a drum) + -tha/-the verbalizer (-nnth- becomes -nns-) | |||
==Long German gibby word== | |||
Brüschlingssträpfchenentzürmungsdreicherwildeleischenerbröpflichkeitsspülzergebraußerspeichelsmäudsgrefferklittenwertsbrimmendlicherungsschnäfternascherndräckelbassungsbärzenherdlichengerützelbeunungströtterbeteibertenspründerschlettengeschärtungsentdraufengeschiemlichkeitsneftertreuenhauscheraufstrüpfenanwadlungsstaufengrammlermeitscherluchseneinstrupfungsgeweidsschmesserdornenbekeifersträmpferentblüstungsgefrützerhaumenrießenschweiherbockerschaftsbedeuferungsbezandlungsgestürdenscheuchterdachsergeisterzerbrüttungsfrätterschoffergriedenteckenschwindsgemerzenheitsbrauftenscharnesspeizendentkremmensielesstrüstergezwohrenenvergräuferspeilenhuftschuckerverwaftungsschmagenentdränzerwinkenmeundenbielerglüftenverzäumlichkeitspfarnengortenspahlenentschrangenkrindenschufendriechengreierschnockenwiegerwungenschieberdähmenstuchtgejästnisgräbenspunkereienschneiligungsspürzenknafterschaumenbrußenbedreuernisjackerkeldungsheidenschmüsselnzudrenkenrumpferleigungsbehedigungsschweiterwackengesteckerbeizerwendungsfrüchlingszweibenseiderschangenhubergeidengemermlichkeitsgelechterschlammengogengettenberzlerfiegenlundenbädelnspanderquändelerbeichenstahrgebütenhenerbluhnenentzängerbreumenbefärzigergampfendreigenschaftszerbrenklungsgebrohungsschmindlergaftengaufsgekemmtenbräuzchenzerkreinerndenschleitenhaufsdröffernzerschwällenzwünderdreisungsenttrebenpflingergreuferschmaunenverrümmerkreibenquängerheitsschmatterverzwenkerungsflebereibenguftenjangereideldreibengangenbleizerbehürberschierdequammerhüngenbrössenbekleiterzwandengemiegerzeistigungsbegählnisberachtungsschwadenkrütteranklaumenschweicherleinerbröhnungsneidelnkufenschrankenziederdrabenschöhlerbruhnspeutscherentgäumungsvergürblichungsverweidnisglündergehuhmendreucherbeibengreusteszwerterschründereienbücklingserstorchenspienerhetschergohrenausschweislichkeitenlemdengetranderschrifferbeschlecherlingswingerkrantengedärzerzärncheneinfleuderhackerstälzenbriednisseigerungsverdraußerräuchselstommerfrätzelschlünterstürglingszwätcheneinblittsgespüßenentdriedenschwünterheibenstalerfernersteilendrüßentrachersträtzgeschwiebendeineslorteskehrwarteurendspannwachenblatzstaufentreischentraubengetöhlerbaußenhauerdinzenbeklaunerwießenkeitsbeschärfigungsgewichtsbraudenwederklaumsbefritzenscheiberdänzelungsmeitelwischerbeschorkenklubenwunderzäugswögerblüschenbenäudigungsheibenentpfeischerlammenwiedenbewegsweitchenläumlichkeitsgrüberdraßterwallenheuertriebenentpfernerkreidenlächtnisstreußerentrüchelvermaußerheitsverbrüschenwerdenwolderschrahnenzäudsgemischerpflechtsschreuerkrüßenpfeischenlangenläubgeschlindersträuelheitsschreberkäuftigkeitsmeierwünnenbäserhattenkraufengeschreudsentwerdsbeeigenbrännenbrauerbrindenschannenklüserwächtsweugenklagergessenbeienrüchtsraußenbewindenschlafterheitsentreffenschmeierlachtwießerschrupfenbeschwündsverziechengeschlächerlauferzernessenheitsgraußenschlöderleinswangenkehrenberaußwischerleitenracherschwegerfäudlichenzabenwündenerkrufenhaubswaudendissengäuberlampfenschrümberfiedsgräubenbedachenmahrenschreudsverschmaßenheitssprüngenentwöhlerbeschluntenhübenreunsbeneifsverzöhnenbeleifernempfäusungswichtheitsgederfsschwermenlückenanzweißenlauschungsfriegschwipferlangsberüngenschehnenblöckenzärferlachsgewindenmaubennaubenpaubentaubenkaubenbaubendaubengaubenpfaubenzaubentschaubensaubenschaubenfaubenwaubenjaubenhaubenlaubenraubenpraubentraubenkraubenbraubendraubengraubenpfraubenfraubenplaubenklaubenblaubenglaubenpflaubenflaubenknaubengnaubenstaubenspaubenschmaubenschnaubenschlaubenschraubenschwaubenstraubenspraubenmausennausenpausentausenkausenbausendausengausenpfausenzausentschausensausenschausenfausenwausenjausenhausenlausenrausenprausentrausenkrausenbrausendrausengrausenpfrausenfrausenplausenklausenblausenglausenpflausenflausenknausengnausenstausenspausenschmausenschnausenschlausenschrausenschwausenstrausensprausenmaumennaumenpaumentaumenkaumenbaumendaumengaumenpfaumenzaumentschaumensaumenschaumenfaumenwaumenjaumenhaumenlaumenraumenpraumentraumenkraumenbraumendraumengraumenpfraumenfraumenplaumenklaumenblaumenglaumenpflaumenflaumenknaumengnaumenstaumenspaumenschmaumenschnaumenschlaumenschraumenschwaumenstraumenspraum |
Latest revision as of 01:48, 5 March 2024
Burmese roms
v0
Ŧăȷā hmȷạ·ŧạ luc·lac khȷīnh nẹ mă tuê
ta.ra: hmya. ta. lwat lap hkrang: nai. ma. swe
[tɪ.já m̥ja̰.ta̰ lʊʔ.laʔ t͡ɕʰɪ́ŋ nɛ̰ mə t̪wè ǀ]
Độ pȷê, độ mȷê
tui. prany, tui. mre
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǁ]
Mȷā lu khat·tê̄nh nhê̄nh·gkhȷan zxê bộ
mya: lu hkap sim: ngrim: hkyam: ce hpo.
[mjá lù kʰaʔ.t̪éɪ̯ŋ ɲéɪ̯ɰ̃.d͡ʑán zè βo̰ ǀ]
Khuỵnh ŧu·nhı hmȷạ, wa·đạ phȷu·xınh đŧệ pȷê
hkwang. tu nyi hmya. wada. hpyu cang tai. prany
[kʰwɪ̰ŋ tù.ɲì m̥ja̰ ǀ wà.da̰ (ǀ) pʰjù.sɪ̀ŋ dḛ pjè ǀ]
Độ pȷê, độ mȷê
tui. prany tui. mre
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǁ]
Pȷı·đŧhong·zxụ ămuê ămȷē ŧı·đŧạn zxê
prany htaung cu. a mwi a.mrai: tany tam. ce
[pjì.dàʊ̯ŋ.zṵ ʔə.mwè ʔ(ə.)mjɛ́ tì.da̰ŋ zè]
Ă·đêch·ŧhan pȷụ bpê, ŧhênh·tênh zxộ lê
a.dhithtan pru. pe htin: sim: cui. le
[ʔ(ə.)deɪ̯ʔ.tʰàn pjṵ βè ǀ tʰéɪ̯ŋ.t̪éɪ̯ŋ zo̰ lè ǁ]
Găba mă kȷê, Mȷăma pȷê
kambha ma. kye, mranma prany
[ɡ(ə.)βà mə t͡ɕè ǀ mjə.mà pjè ǀ]
Độ bô̄·boā ămuê xıch mộ khȷıch mȷat nô̄ bê
tui. bhui: bwa: a.mwe cac mui. hkyac mrat nui: pe
[do̰ βó.bwá (ʔə.)mwè sɪʔ mo̰ t͡ɕʰɪʔ mjaʔ nó βè ǁ]
Pȷi·đŧhong·zxụ gô ătet pê̄ lộ độ ka goe mălê
prany htaung cu. kui a.sak pe: lui. tui. ka kwai ma.le
[pjì.dàʊ̯ŋ.zṵ ɡò ʔ(ə.)t̪ɛʔ pé lo̰ do̰ kà ɡwɛ̀ m(ə.)lè ǀ]
Đa độ pȷê đa độ mȷê độ panh·net mȷê
da tui. prany da tui. mre tui. puing nak mre
[dà do̰ pjè dà do̰ mjè do̰ pàɪ̯ŋ.nɛʔ mjè ǀ]
Độ pȷê, độ mȷê, ăkjô̄ gô nhı·nha zxoa độ đăđuê
tui. prany tui. mre a.kyui: kui nyi nya cwa tui. ta.twe
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǀ ʔ(ə.)t͡ɕó ɡò ǀ ɲì.ɲà zwà do̰ d(ə.)dwè ǀ]
Ŧhān xhong ba zxộ lê, độ ta·wung bê ăphô̄·ŧan mȷê
htam: hcaung pa sui. le tui. ta wan pe a. hpui: tan mre
[tʰán sʰàʊ̯ŋ bà zo̰ lè ǀ do̰ tà.wʊ̀ŋ bè ʔ(ə.)pʰó.tàn mjè ǁ]
v1
Tyȷā hmȷȧtȧ luqlaq khȷīɴ nɛ̇ my þwe
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe
Mȷā lu khaqþēɴ nȷēɴgkhȷaɴ zse bȯ
Khwiɴ tunȷı hmȷȧ, wadȧ phȷusıɴ dtė pȷe
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe
Pȷıdthɔɴzsu̇ ymwe ymȷɛ̇ tıdtȧɴ zse
Ydeqthaɴ pȷu̇ bpe, thenþeɴ zsȯ le
Gyba my kȷe, Mȷyma pȷe
Dȯ bōbwā ymwe sıq mȯ khȷıq mȷaq nō be
Gyba my kȷe, Mȷyma pȷe
Dȯ bōbwā ymwe sıq mȯ khȷıq mȷaq nō be
Pȷidthɔɴzsu̇ go yþɛq pē lȯ dȯ ka gwɛ myle
Da dȯ pȷe da dȯ mȷe dė pɛɴnɛq mȷe
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe, ykjō go nȷınȷa zwa dȯ dydwe
Thāɴ shɔɴ ba zsȯ le, dȯ þawuɴ be yphōtaɴ mȷe
v2
Tyjā hmjătă luqlaq khjīɴ nɛ̆ my þwe
Dŏ pje, dŏ mje
Mjā lu khaqþēɴ njēɴgkhjaɴ zse bŏ
Khwĭɴ tunji hmjă, wadă phjusiɴ dtĕ pȷe
Dŏ pje, dŏ mje
Pjidthɔɴzsŭ ymwe ymjɛ̆ tıdtăɴ zse
Ydeqthaɴ pjŭ bpe, thenþeɴ zsŏ le
Gyba my kje, Mjyma pje
Dŏ bōbwā ymwe siq mŏ khjiq mjaq nō be
Gyba my kje, Mjyma pje
Dŏ bōbwā ymwe siq mŏ khjiq mjaq nō be
Pjĭdthɔɴzsŭ go yþɛq pē lŏ dŏ ka gwɛ myle
Da dŏ pje da dŏ mje dĕ pɛɴnɛq mje
Dŏ pȷe, dŏ mȷe, ykjō go njinja zwa dŏ dydwe
Thāɴ shɔɴ ba zsŏ le, dŏ þawuɴ be yphōtaɴ mje
v3
Deliberately English/German-like
Ch for aspiration, þ/ð for dental stops
Superscript the original consonant before a voiced initial that's a result of voicing sandhi
Rimes:
ị i ī ịn in īn it
ẹ e ē ạne ane āne ate
ạre are āre ịne ine īne ite
ạ a ā ạn an ān at et
ạw aw āw ọun oun ōun out
ọ o ō ọne one ōne ote
ụ u ū ọon oon ōon oot
kgəba ma che, myəma pye
dọ bōbwā əmwe sit mọ chhit myat nō be
World's worst romanization for Vietnamese
Initials
ñ ɟ̃ ỹ q̃ = m n nh ng
n̓ n þ ɟ ꞃ y q = p b t đ tr ch c/k/qu
f ɟ̔ q̔ = ph th kh
ſ p̔ = x s
ƿ ȷ j r = v d gi g
λ p = l r
The initials ʔ h are indicated by placing spiritus lenis and spiritus asper above the first letter, and ⟨ƿ⟩ is used for the /w/ medial: ƿηɟ̃, Ƿ̓ηɟ̃, ƿ̔ηɟ̃s = viên, Uyên, huyền.
Nuclei
- u ɯ w e ɘ ə ɵ æ a ɐ ɑ = i/y ư u ê ơ â ô e a ă o
- η ξ ω = ia/iê, ưa/ươ, ua/uô
Finals
- ñ ɟ̃ ỹ q̃ = m n nh ng
- n ɟ y q = p t ch c
- ι υ = /-j -w/
Tones
tones: -0 -s -b -m -v -d = ngang, huyen, sac, nang, hoi, nga
Hōbispellum Jōhannis Tōtiscē
1:1 In occinunquā vore Verbum, ante Verbum vore ob Hutum, ante Hutus vore Verbum.
1:2 Tod vore in occinunquā ob Hutum.
1:3 Alla terque eum magāta sunt, ante enū eō magātum est nēctis, quod magātum est.
1:4 In eō līpum vore, ante līpum vore lūctum lūbium.
Semantic drifts
Truth
- true/proof > guilt
- to stand, to stay, to be straight up > to be true
- true/show/prove > to vindicate > to win
Dakelh/Tlingit inspired Dodellic
Bylȳn
put in Dodellic; Wdm substrate
phonology:
- /m n p b t d tš dž k g (glottal stop) f s š x H h v z ž r l/ ⟨m n p b t d ť ď k g q f s š ch x h v z ž r l⟩
- /a e i u y a: e: i: u: y: ai au iə uə/ ⟨a e i u y aa ee ii uu yy ai au ie ua⟩
- Responsible for Wdm vowel shift: *u > ü, *o > u, *a > o, *ä > a
- pitch accent
Trician doublets
- Thensarian ardlaccātom > atxagátañ (via Nurian) ~ dlahgað (via Tigol) ~ glyçád (via glăchad) ~ plahad (via Clofabosin placadin) - various stringed instruments
- Pida (Mărotłian teacher) ~ pda (Dr.) ~ Modern Wdm. pra (honorific pronoun)
Silly language family trees
- Trigonic languages
- Sinitic
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Schwyzerdütsch
- Sinaitic
- Phoenician
- Greek
- Inuktitut
- Greek
- Phoenician
- Coshitic
- Vietnamese
- Sinh
- Tanh
- Sech
- Hyperbolgarian
- Beta
- Proto-Afro-Asiatic
- Vietnamese
- Deltan languages (aka Newtono-Leibnizic)
- Hessian German
- Turingian German
- Tyrith (from older *Türiŋit)
- Lambda calculus
- Mathematica
- C++
- Sanskrit
- Triforcian languages
- Hylian
- Tritriforcian languages
- Tritritriforcian languages
- ...
- Sierpińskian
- ...
- Tritritriforcian languages
- Tritriforcian languages
- Hylian
- Sinitic
Qiala Gaivuan's Dwarvish
Wäßßmerian/Highlands Wiobian consonant shift (stolen wholesale from High German consonant shift):
Phase 1 (final or intervocallic): /p/ > /f/ <f> /t/ > /s/ <ß> /c/ > /ç/ > later /z/ bzw. /ʃ/ <s/sch> /k/ > /x/ > later /χ/ <ch>
Phase 2 (initial, geminated or after a resonant) /p/ > /pf/ <pf> /t/ > /ts/ <ßß> > word initially /s/ <ß> /c/ > /cç/ > later /tʃ/ <zsch> /k/ > /kx/ > later /χ/ <ch>
Phase 3 /b/ > /p/ fortis or lenis <p> /d/ > /t/ fortis or lenis <t> /ɟ/ > /c/ fortis or lenis <z> /g/ > /k/ fortis or lenis <k>
Other changes: /θ~ð/ > /d/ > later lenis /t/ <d> /f~v/ > /b/ > later lenis /p/ <b> (after a vowel) /sk, çk/ > sch /ʃ/ Auslautverhärtung
Paucal of humility
There are three numbers: singular (sg) representing one object, paucal (pc) for a few, and plural (pl) for many. The paucal form usually denotes two to nine items, but the boundary between paucal and plural is quite fluid; a paucal could be used for a larger number for contrast with a much larger number of things. The plural number in pronouns also serves as an honorific; complementarily, using paucal pronouns where a plural is expected entails a "dishonorific", humble or pejorative meaning.
Something with my old Tsjoen grammar
Txapoalli? Naquic?
Manxome (Manx-Hmoob hybrid)
A close relative of Skellan with the GVS? Or is this just Ko?
Cedilla and double vowel mania
Mix in a little Dutch?
IE conlang ideas
- 'want' from bhr-h1s- (bear-DES)
- "try 1SG-ACC VERB-INF" = try to VERB me (actually looks pretty german)
"Ah, meine Treußer" gibs
- Săchał yang hălsreaf chrăthüng fi pdath yas măfongșor! Wănguas fi binreach wangsăfab thearłăsab făneyșumab pălontumab acsitumab gopliximab fizoraximab prozamumab cabituzumab... Ah, endocebuxin!
- sčʼutaʔɬ čəd dzəlxʷʔad ʔal kʷi sqʷadbəʔid! shuʔədəb šiƛ̕x̌adil stab dzastidil balustadil xʷəʔsdətapril kʷinapazil bəsmanadil quizoradil daquinadil sperotidil prolixudil... Ah, endolucrifen!
Some old gibs
Neuber und Seigen driechen das Fauensammer. Und Pfurges ummärten den Sieberschmüstchen der Meichtel und die kreuge haben den Ofel angeschninkelt! der Strahme der hüffneden ist an síreochta dréag agus fhóineocht. (irish gib is also easy to adapt) Und dauchte die Miegung. Agus sráineann an mhóilte i bhfáirdeacha. An dtrídeach tú leim an mheidreach? und die dréanoigh na chloiste is clóireach makk praom krenn tae leontóin agus dreangachtaí Zohnung schweifen der mahl tröhnen Cáróidh meim fhíreasá sróidheamh táin a chúloigh a fháir a cheim sróitreáneidh na pradhaoibhiú té bheir sa dhímeá 'bhifeóirsi tha
Pirandetam ver ketassinosin ket ligerinogenine
Du sümmelst so gapfer an, wenn du in solch schnöpfen, geschrammten Hückeln inframierst! Ich ingräliere dir, indem ich dir einen Beschlaubszwicher antabere. Ich möchte dir einen schlaarige Garulierer anzülfen, damit du in gezührigen Anschniegsgahmen verschnülzern kannst.
die Anschrängerungen verkiech die Redangierungen, indem sie deren Gespalchsfeunungen rekredabierte. Der Aufschlied zwand die Mäste, um ihrer Begeifigungen zu verknieren. Αν ο φαγγαλος τεθεγμασται την ψαθην και τον κιμαρρον! Αναι μεν γαρ δεδαγγασμενοι ηλετησαν ινε τον φραθμον. Ο φιστώτης και η νίψ κεκλαμμένοι εισίν.
Sʼeik beih Đâh kglumm gnüar Haem Päh jehn knuck Lö Mott nihr ngå Pluh Reaz Sra Ksaot teap klav Waü Zeay Þael
Azz kemm jick gno Sruck bâzz skång mäch dö' Lümm dak mihn mu påhng Sjä Kbael Pfeiz rao Smau tngaör zbaü lean Sek Woh tböhng sia Koas Tuah Gnüang
Scope of negation
different negative markers for scope
Llanfair...gogogoch gib
Reduplication (goch > gogogoch)
Fyxámian national anthem
Eevo
English translation
Verse 1
[...]
[...]
From antipode to antipode
Men of thy deeds do sing.
Refrain
Book and paper titles in Eevo
- (A Bound for the Number of Points on Elliptic Curves over Finite Fields)
- (Spectral Sequences of Algebraic Varieties)
- Mroga-xiv ry blwhir jybinþylisár ar jonda jynéeb (Zeta Functions of Algebraic Curves over Finite Fields) (fT 2259)
- Regular Temperaments
Primitive Seargais
long vowels:
a: e: i: o: u: æ: ø: y: from
broad á aí/ai/oi oí/uí/ui ó/ao ú/ua/ui ái ói/aío/aoi úi/oío/uío/uai
slender eá ei/éi/éa í/ia/iai eo iú/io/iu ea/éa/eai/eái eoi iúi/ío
éa becomes æ: before broad d, n, l and r, and e: elsewhere
ui becomes u: before broad d, n, l and r, and i: elsewhere
short vowels:
a e i o u -> a ʲa ʲɨ a ɨ
changes from proto seargais to seargais
high vowels move one POA
(u -> ü, ü -> i but aü stays put)
there's the merger
now o becomes u to fill in the gap, a becomes o and æ becomes a
a e i o u æ ø y ->
o e i u y a ø i
e -> ə
which triggers i -> ia, ia -> e, y -> i, u -> ɨ, o -> u, a -> ua, ua -> o
so i get
a e i o u æ ø y ia ua ai au ay ->
o e i u y a ø i ia ua ai au ay ->
u ə ia ɨ i ua _ ia e o ai au _
ø -> ɛ -> a while ay -> aɨ
u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ (i now have all the vowels!)
breathy voice ablaut patterns:
e/i/ai -> ə/ia/ai
o/u/au -> ɨ/i/au
ö/ü/aü -> a/ia/aɨ
chaotic!
a/ua -> u/o
ä/ia -> ua/e
spelling: a e i o u y w = /a e i o u ə ɨ/
short a -> y
short ɨ -> w (very few modern Seargais speakers make the distinction between the short vowels using y for both)
Seargais superstrate
same breathy voice pattern except there's a GVS
a e i o u ä ö ü ua ia ai au aü ->
o i ai u au e ü aü uo ie ä a a
compare
u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ
these are heard by seargais speakers as
o i ai u au ə ɨ aɨ e o e a a
Seargais consonants
p t q pʰ tʰ χ m n w θ ʟ r tɬ ɬ (broad)
f ts k f ts kʰ m n j s ɬ r tʃ ʃ (slender)
Urú'ed:
m n ʟ mʰ nʰ χ m n pf θ ʟ r nl tɬ (broad)
m n ŋ mʰ nʰ ŋʰ m n f ts ɬ r n tʃ (slender)
the combined set of phonemes:
p pʰ t tʰ k kʰ q
f θ s ɬ ʃ χ
pf ts tɬ tʃ
m mʰ n nʰ ŋ ŋʰ nl
j w ʟ r
h is missing
broad sm and sn can become h
urúing to tʰ
actually it should stay as θm and θn
θm -> voiceless m -> h also works
it doesn't impact the morphology
Huichaltzah's alien language
p pʰ t tʰ ts tsʰ tɬ tɬʰ k kʰ kʟ kʟʰ s ɬ x h m n ŋ l ʟ w j a e i o ar er ir or (rhotic vowels)
Grammar: Rhotic vowel harmony, CW with many cases
Bändli
Zulu pseudo-gib
Initials
schm, m > m, mh
schn, n > n, nh
schng/kn, ng > ng, ngh
sp, p, b, gep/geb > p, ph, bh, b
st, t, d, get/ged > t, th, dh, d
ŧ, sŧ, đ, geŧ/geđ > qh, q, nqh, gq
k, g, gek/geg > kh, gh, g
r > hh
f, w > f, v
fl, kl, schl > hl
bl, gl > dl
pfr, fr, tr, kr, schr > kl /x~kx/
br, dr, gr > gl /ɣ~gɣ/
j > y
schw > f
z, s, sch > s, z, sh
ent- > prenasalization
Consonants
Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
central | lateral | ||||||
Click | plain | ǃ | |||||
aspirated | ǃʰ | ||||||
nasalised | ᵑǃ | ||||||
breathy nasalised | ᶢǃʱ | ||||||
Nasal | plain | m | n | ŋ | |||
breathy | mʱ | nʱ | ŋʱ | ||||
Stop | voiceless | p | t | ||||
aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | ||||
breathy | b | d | ɡ | ||||
implosive | ɓ | ɗ | ɠ | ||||
Fricative | voiceless | f | s | ɬ | ʃ | x | h |
breathy | v | z | ɮ | ɣ | ɦ | ||
Approximant | plain | l | j |
Vowels
i ï u e ë o ä a /i ɨ u e ə o æ ɑ/
Tones
No tone
Some Clofablang
- Vowels: æ ɪ i ʌ ə ʊ ʉ
- Vowel harmony groups:
- high tense: i ʉ
- high lax: ɪ ʊ
- low: æ ʌ
- ə is neutral
Russo-Salish
Labial | Alveolar | Retroflex | Velar | Glottal | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
hard | soft | hard | soft | soft | hard | ||||
Nasal | glottalized | n̪ʼ | nʲʼ | ŋʲʼ | ŋʼ | ||||
plain | m | mʲ | n̪ | nʲ | ŋʲ | ŋ | |||
Stop | plain | t̪ | tʲ | kʲ | k | ʔ | |||
ejective | t̪ʼ | tʲʼ | kʲʼ | kʼ | |||||
voiced | b | bʲ | d̪ | dʲ | |||||
Affricate | plain | ts | tsʲ | tʂ | |||||
ejective | tsʼ | tsʲʼ | tʂʼ | ||||||
voiced | dz | dzʲ | dʐ | ||||||
Fricative | voiceless | f | fʲ | s | sʲ | ʂ | xʲ | x | h |
voiced | v | vʲ | z | zʲ | ʐ | ɣʲ | ɣ | ||
Approximant | glottalized | lˠʼ | lʲʼ | jʼ | |||||
plain | lˠ | lʲ | j |
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i | u | |
Mid | ə | ||
Open | a |
Salish + Old Chinese
m n ŋ ŋʷ mʼ nʼ ŋʼ ŋʷʼ p t ts k kʷ q qʷ ʔ pʼ tʼ tsʼ kʼ kʷʼ qʼ qʷʼ b d dz g gʷ ɢ ɢʷ s r rʼ l lʼ (+ phar'd versions of each) a e i o u ə
CW language sketch
m n p t ts k q b d dz g s h ʀ w l r j
i u e o æ a
Some auxlang?
Consonants
Labial | Coronal | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | ŋ /ŋ/ | |||
Plosive | unaspirated | b /p/ | d /t/ | j /tɕ/ | g /k/ | |
aspirated | p /pʰ/ | t /tʰ/ | ch /tɕʰ/ | k /kʰ/ | ||
Fricative | f /f/ | s /s/ | sh /ɕ/ | kh /x/ | h /h/ | |
Approximant | w /w~v/ | l /l/; r /r/ | y /j/ | |||
Trill | r /r/ |
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i /i/ | u /u/ | |
Mid | e /e/ | ə /ø~ə~ɤ/ | o /o/ |
Open | a /a/ |
Diphthongs: ai ao /ai au/
Phonotactics
Consonant clusters are disallowed, except medial geminates and -NC- sequences. Only /p t k m n ŋ/ can come in word-final position.
Σȣομʚ
Καʚκκʚ ʚⱶμʚσετ συντυϝητ ϝαπαʚνα ια τασαϝερταʚσʚνα αρϝολτααν ια οʚκεȣκσʚλτααν. Ⱶεʚλλε ον αννεττȣ ιηρκʚ ια οματȣντο, ια ⱶεʚδην ον τοʚμʚτταϝα τοʚσʚααν κοⱶτααν ϝελιευδεν ⱶεγγεσση.
Qe!
Jāheqozron vemālaerus qe doñanqerosy.
Pristac Guanorliviroc
Leißelbeiger Glündesschnock,
bhfaoigh na dhruisce leis an ngloc,
с куздом твачу зблодащок,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Tyűlöszöbbes hávaltok,
ṇentronné veux mains du roque,
geuteureun madeul ryeonmok,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Iūcullātur plexē hoc,
Takzitxerri ezbantzok,
Ηζειν ευθρασιν στουροκ,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Nguyết sảnh xưa nỡn hầng màu trọc,
Cuālliquimeh huixōtloc,
tʰˁawk pgəts məlˁaj n̊əŋs qʷʰˁraʔ tkʰˁens nˁrok,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Raamaanujanniaviusuq-
qanngutsijałłaumiartuq,
Post hoc ergo propter hoc,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Zíj phlàa vîek rang dèt Bangkok,
Satthayaarongsamphonnok,
Pikna la-magtef litzmok,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Finno-Arabic
/t tˁ k q ʔ f s sˁ x χ h m n l r w j a aa ə əə i ii u uu ai au əi əu ia ua iə uə/
Irish with pharyngealized consonants
/a/: a ea ae eae /e/: oeu eu oe e /i/: ai ia aia i /o/: o uo uea ue /u/: aua ua au u
Uncanny valley Korean
Consonants: /m n ŋ bʰ dʰ dzʰ gʰ p t ts k f s fʰ sʰ h w j r ʔ/
Postvocalic /ʔ/ may be realized as creaky voice.
Vowels: /i ɨ u e ə o ɛ ɔ æ a/
Proto-Eomujic
- ä, a, e, o
- eu, i <- syllabic resonants
- p t k p’ t’ k’ b d g
- s z ts ts’ ʂ ʐ ʈʂ ʈʂ’
- m n ŋ r l ʀ w j h
Gleb phonologies
SEA-esque
m̥ m n̻̥ n̻ ɲ̥ ɲ mb mɓ̰ nd̻ nɗ̰̻ nɗ̱̰ nd͡ʒ pʰ p b ɓ̰ tʰ̻ t̻ d̻ ɗ̰̻ t͡s̻ ɗ̱̰ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k ɸ β s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ x h l̻ j w
i iː ɨ ɨː u uː e eː ɘ ɘː o oː ɛ ɛː ɜ ɜː ɔ ɔː a aː
Indic-esque
m̥ m n̥ n ɳ̥ ɳ ɲ̥ ɲ pʰ p b tʰ t d ʈʰ ʈ ɖ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k g ʔ f v s z ʂ ʐ ʃ ʒ x ɣ h r ɽ j i u ɪ ʊ ɑ
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: a non-palatal consonant other than a postalveolar consonant or one of /d g z ɣ/; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n pʰ p b tʰ t kʰ k ʔ f v s x h r/
Pseudo-Polynesian
m n̻ p b t̻ d̻ k g l̻ j w i u ɪ ʊ e o ɛ ɔ a
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Gleb seed 1516956979
Liquidless pseudo-French
m n̻ ṉ p b t̻ d̻ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ k g f v s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ h w i y u ɛ ɛ̃ œ œ̃ ɔ ɔ̃ a ã
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: a consonant
Gleb seed 1601724777
A nice one
m n̻ nʲ̻ tʰ̻ t̻ kʰ k kʷ f s̻ l̻ i iː u uː ɛ ɛː ɛ̃ ɛ̃ː ɔ ɔː ɔ̃ ɔ̃ː a aː ã ãː
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: a consonant other than /nʲ̻/
Gleb seed 1364524938
vaguely Clofab
consonants:
m n mb nd ndz ŋg p b t d ts dz k g mv nz f v s z h r w
vowels:
a e i o u
syllable structure: (C)V
Gleb seed 1390372573
Liquidless phonology
m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ mpʰ mb ntʰ nd ŋkʰ pʰ p b tʰ t d kʰ k ʔ f s x
a e ɛ i o ɔ u
(C)V(N)
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
N: a nasal; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ/
Gleb seed 1408165181
A Damin
- Nasals: ɱ n̼ ɳ ɲ
- Plosives: d̼ ʈ c'
- Affricates: tθ ʡħ
- Fricatives: ð̼ θ̱ ç
- Clicks: ʞ
- Liquids: ʙ ʟ ʢ
- vowels: y ɤ æ
from An Bhlaoighne
big: go qhéith
small: go mionn (from Latin "minimus")
long: go mheal
short: go laomh
wide: go raoi
narrow: go cuachar
thick: go scúil
thin: go h-ádh
woman: an fháixe, na bhfáixe
man: an beathra, na mbeathra
child: an stíotha, na stíotha
mother: an feadhan-fháixe?
father: an feadhan-beathra?
na bhfeadhan-fháixe, na bhfeadhan-beathra
wife: an sleith-fháixe
husband: an sleith-beathra
na dhsleith-fháixe, na dhsleith-beathra
fish: an déimhe, na dhéimhe
bird: an chuar, na cuar
(all these are from the bhadhagha gib)
dog: an lior, na lior
louse: an h-úmha, na n-úmha
snake: an bhfaost, na faost
worm: an ghean, na ngean
tree: an daodha, na dhaodha
forest: an ríne, na ríne
stick: an cuath, na chuath
fruit: an thamha, na dtamha
seed: an páile, na páile
leaf: an fhuix, na bhfuix
root: an dhóife, na dhóife
bark: an cior, na cior
flower: an qeógh, na qheógh
grass: an rúiche, na rúiche
rope: an mbuad, na bhuad
skin: an geabh, na gheabh
meat: an ceith, na gceith
blood: an dhséabha, na dhséabha
bone: an reist, na reist
fat: an xuile, na xuile
egg: an qé, na qhé *hmoob intensifies*
horn: an n-aire, na h-aire
tail: an h-aoi, na h-aoi
feather: an gcoít, na choít
hair: an núcha, na núcha
head: an snith, na snith
ear: an dtiocha, na tiocha
eye: an fheirn, na bhfeirn
nose: an gaoine, na ngaoine
mouth: an cnuile, na chnuile
tooth: an iacha, na h-iacha
tongue: an bhlaoighne? 😀
fingernail: an sciofhth, na sciofhth
foot: an reithe, na reithe
leg: an ndeocha reith, na dheocha reith
knee: an xionn reith, na dhxionn reith
hand: flúin
an bhflúin, na fhlúin
arm: an ndeocha bhflúin, na dheocha bhflúin
elbow: an xionn bhflúin, na dhxionn bhflúin
wing: an ceamh, na gceamh
belly: an táile, na tháile
guts: an nquinneach, na quinneach
neck: an xaoiphe, na xaoiphe
back: an mbíolbh, na bíolbh
breast: an dhsracht, na sracht
heart: an luisc, na luisc
liver: an steóisc, na dhsteóisc
go neábha 'to drink'
go séic 'to eat'
go xumhadh 'to bite'
go scéimh 'to suck'
go fiara 'to spit, to eject'
go fiara an néitheasach 'to vomit'
go fíoxa 'to blow'
go stúimhe 'to breathe'
go sraoth 'to laugh'
go bhfeirthe 'to see'
go dtiodh 'to hear'
go xeólaigh 'to know'
go bhrainne 'to think'
to smell: go mbuir
fear: an xaoithe, na dhxaoithe
to sleep: go h-uaileas
to live: go chaith
dance: from An Bhlaoighne "dannsa" (to move to a beat), from "dann" (beat; imitative of a drum) + -tha/-the verbalizer (-nnth- becomes -nns-)
Long German gibby word
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