Valthungian: Difference between revisions
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# The letter ‹n› is used before ‹g› or ‹k› to indicate the velar nasal [ŋ]. Specifically, ‹ng› is [ŋg] and ‹nk› is [ŋk]. (E.g. ''drinkna'' [driŋk.na] ‘to drink’.) | # The letter ‹n› is used before ‹g› or ‹k› to indicate the velar nasal [ŋ]. Specifically, ‹ng› is [ŋg] and ‹nk› is [ŋk]. (E.g. ''drinkna'' [driŋk.na] ‘to drink’.) | ||
# In combinations where ‹ng› is followed by another nasal consonant, [g] is elided in speech: ‹ngm› is [ŋm] and ‹ngn› is [ŋn]. (E.g. ''gangna'' [gaŋ.na] ‘to go’; not **[gaŋg.na].) In rapid speech this may also occur to the other nasal-stop combinations ‹mbn›, ‹mbm›, ‹ndm›, and ‹ndn›; sometimes the stop may also become glottal. | # In combinations where ‹ng› is followed by another nasal consonant, [g] is elided in speech: ‹ngm› is [ŋm] and ‹ngn› is [ŋn]. (E.g. ''gangna'' [gaŋ.na] ‘to go’; not **[gaŋg.na].) In rapid speech this may also occur to the other nasal-stop combinations ‹mbn›, ‹mbm›, ‹ndm›, and ‹ndn›; sometimes the stop may also become glottal. | ||
# The realization of ‹ē› as /ai̯/ may vary greatly: [ɛi̯ ~ ʌi̯ ~ æi̯ ~ ai̯ ~ ɑi̯] | |||
# The realization of ‹ō› as /au̯/ may vary greatly: [ɔu̯ ~ ʌu̯ ~ au̯ ~ ɑu̯ ~ ɒu̯] | |||
# The combination ‹rju› is realized as [rɛu̯] (rather than the expected [rju]). (E.g. ''frjusna'' [frɛu̯s.na] ‘to freeze’.) | # The combination ‹rju› is realized as [rɛu̯] (rather than the expected [rju]). (E.g. ''frjusna'' [frɛu̯s.na] ‘to freeze’.) | ||
# The diphthong ‹eu› is realized as [ɛu̯] (rather than the expected [e̞u̯]). (E.g. ''sneugna'' [snɛu̯g.na] ‘to snow’.) | # The diphthong ‹eu› is realized as [ɛu̯] (rather than the expected [e̞u̯]). (E.g. ''sneugna'' [snɛu̯g.na] ‘to snow’.) | ||
# The diphthong | # The diphthong ‹œu› is realized as [œy̑] (rather than the expected [ø̞u̯]). | ||
# For some speakers, word-final ‹þs› may be realized as [t̪s]. | # For some speakers, word-final ‹þs› may be realized as [t̪s]. | ||
# For some speakers, medial ‹tl› (usually derived from earlier /ll/) may be realized as [dɮ]. | |||
Stress is indicated in the standard orthography with an acute accent only if: | Stress is indicated in the standard orthography with an acute accent only if: | ||