Nankôre: Difference between revisions

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In terms of morphological complexity, the copula performs more functions than the verb.  The copula, in addition to redundantly mark the Inverse voice, also encodes tense, number, mood, and causation through a complex series of affixation.  Note the irregular Indicative Hodiernal tense form; the Inverse marker does ''not'' lengthen as it does for the rest of the paradigm.
In terms of morphological complexity, the copula performs more functions than the verb.  The copula, in addition to redundantly mark the Inverse voice, also encodes tense, number, mood, and causation through a complex series of affixation.  Note the irregular Indicative Hodiernal tense form; the Inverse marker does ''not'' lengthen as it does for the rest of the paradigm.
=====The Copula Paradigm =====
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg sortable mw-collapsible"
!  rowspan="10"  style="width:64.01pt; " |  Present
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="4" style="width:64.01pt; " | Low Animate Patient
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Indicative
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Causative
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|- 
!  rowspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | High Animate Agent
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | itá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | itán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | sip'itá' (pis'itá')
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | sip'itán  (pis'itán)
|- 
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | nitá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | nitán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | sipnitá' (pisnitá')
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | sipnitán (pisnitán)
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="4" style="width:64.01pt; " | High Animate Patient
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Indicative
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Causative
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|- 
!  rowspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Low Animate Agent
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | ta’itá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | ta’itán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | taspitá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | taspitán
|- 
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tānitá' 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tānitán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tāsipnitá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tāsipnitán
|-
!  rowspan="11" style="width:64.01pt; " | Hodiernal Past
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="4" style="width:64.01pt; " | Low Animate Patient
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Indicative
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Causative
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|- 
!  rowspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | High Animate Agent
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hô'itá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hô'itán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hôsipnitá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hôsipnitán
|- 
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hô'intá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hô'intán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hôsipnintá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hôsipnintán
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="4" style="width:64.01pt; " | Low Animate Patient
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Indicative
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Causative
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|- 
!  rowspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Low Animate Agent
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | ta’hô'itá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | ta’hô'itán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tāhópsintá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tāhópsintán
|- 
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tahô'intá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tahô'intán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tāhópsintá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tāhópsintán
|- 
!  rowspan="11" style="width:64.01pt; " | Recent Past
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="8" style="width:64.01pt; " | Low Animate Patient
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Indicative
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Causative
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|- 
!  rowspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | High Animate Agent
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | nitá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | nitán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | sipnitá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | sipnitán
|- 
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | nintá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | nintán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | sipnintá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | sipnintán
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="8" style="width:64.01pt; " | Low Animate Patient
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Indicative
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Causative
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|- 
!  rowspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Low Animate Agent
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | ta’nitá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | ta’nitán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tasipnitá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tasipnitán
|- 
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tānintá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tānintán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tāsipnintá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tāsipnintán
|- 
!  rowspan="11" style="width:64.01pt; " | Medio-Distal Past
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="8" style="width:64.01pt; " | Low Animate Patient
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Indicative
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Causative
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|- 
!  rowspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | High Animate Agent
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hitá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hitán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hispitá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hisiptán
|- 
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hintá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hintán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hisipnitá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hisipnitán
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="8" style="width:64.01pt; " | High Animate Patient
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Indicative
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Causative
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|- 
!  rowspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Low Animate Agent
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tahitá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tahitán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tasiphitá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tasiphitán
|- 
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tāhintá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tāhintán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tāsiphintá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tāsiphintán
|- 
!  rowspan="10" style="width:64.01pt; " | Distal Past
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="8" style="width:64.01pt; " | Low Animate Patient
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|- 
!  rowspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | High Animate Agent
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | pitá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | pitán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | pisiptá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | pisiptan
|- 
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | pintá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | pintán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | pisipnitá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | pisipnitán
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="8" style="width:64.01pt; " | High Animate Patient
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Indicative
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Causative
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|- 
!  rowspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Low Animate Agent
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | ta’pitá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | ta’pitán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tapsipta'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tapsiptán
|- 
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tápsintá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tápsintán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tápsipnitá'
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tápsipnitán
|- 
!  rowspan="11" style="width:64.01pt; " | Medio-Proximal Future
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="8" style="width:64.01pt; " | Low Animate Patient
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Indicative
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Causative
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|- 
!  rowspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | High Animate Agent
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | nitáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | nitahán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | nisiptáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | nisiptahán
|- 
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | nintáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | nintahán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | nisipnitáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | nisipnitahán
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="8" style="width:64.01pt; " | High Animate Patient
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Indicative
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Causative
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|- 
!  rowspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Low Animate Agent
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | ta’nitáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tantahán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tasipnitáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tasipnitahán
|- 
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tānintáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tānintahán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tāsipnitáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tāsipnintahán
|- 
!  rowspan="11" style="width:64.01pt; " | Immediate Future
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="8" style="width:64.01pt; " | Low Animate Patient
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Indicative
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Causative
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|- 
!  rowspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | High Animate Agent
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hitáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hitahán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hisipitáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hisiptahán
|- 
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hintáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hintahán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hispintáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | hisipnitahán
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="8" style="width:64.01pt; " | High Animate Patient
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Indicative
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Causative
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|- 
!  rowspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Low Animate Agent
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tahitáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tahitahán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tahisipitáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tahisiptahán
|- 
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tāhintáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tāhintahán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tāhispintáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tāhisipnitahán
|- 
!  rowspan="12" style="width:64.01pt; " | Distal Future
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="8" style="width:64.01pt; " | Low Animate Patient
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Indicative
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Causative
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|- 
!  rowspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | High Animate Agent
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | pitáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | pitahán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | pisiptáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | pisiptahán
|- 
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | pintáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | pintahán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | pisipnitáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | pisipnitahán
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="4" style="width:64.01pt; " | High Animate Patient
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Indicative
!  colspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Causative
|- 
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
|  style="width:64.01pt; " |  
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|- 
!  rowspan="2" style="width:64.01pt; " | Low Animate Agent
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | SG
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | ta’pitáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | taptahán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tapsiptáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tapsiptahán
|- 
!  style="width:64.01pt; " | PL
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tāpintáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tāpintahán
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tápsipnitáh
|  style="width:64.01pt; " | tápsipnitahán
|}


====Derivation ====
====Derivation ====
Retrieved from "https://linguifex.com/wiki/Nankôre"