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Chlouvānem/Morphology: Difference between revisions
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→Derivational morphology (vāmbeithausire maivāndarāmita)
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: ''yųlgis nali javyęs lā dvārma'' "room with fire for food" → ''yųljavyāh'' "kitchen"<ref>Synchronically, this analysis is correct; however, this word was likely first crafted as a tatpuruṣa, i.e. "a fire for food" (''yųlgis nali javyāh''), before kitchens were rooms.</ref> | : ''yųlgis nali javyęs lā dvārma'' "room with fire for food" → ''yųljavyāh'' "kitchen"<ref>Synchronically, this analysis is correct; however, this word was likely first crafted as a tatpuruṣa, i.e. "a fire for food" (''yųlgis nali javyāh''), before kitchens were rooms.</ref> | ||
=== | ===Noun-forming morphemes=== | ||
'''-a''' (unstressed) or '''-ā''' (stressed) is a common derivative to make basic words from verbal roots. It does not have any fixed meaning, though it's always pretty close to the root. Nouns with the unstressed suffix and an ablautable vowel usually belong to the ablauting declension. '''ṛ''' in a root is always strengthened to middle-grade.<br/> | '''-a''' (unstressed) or '''-ā''' (stressed) is a common derivative to make basic words from verbal roots. It does not have any fixed meaning, though it's always pretty close to the root. Nouns with the unstressed suffix and an ablautable vowel usually belong to the ablauting declension. '''ṛ''' in a root is always strengthened to middle-grade.<br/> | ||
* ''dṛ'' (to do, to make) → ''dara'' (activity)<br/> | * ''dṛ'' (to do, to make) → ''dara'' (activity)<br/> | ||
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* ''tṛl-'' (to know, understand) → ''tṛlgarim'' (rule) (not synonymous with ''tartṛlsūs'', meaning "needed knowledge, prerequisite") | * ''tṛl-'' (to know, understand) → ''tṛlgarim'' (rule) (not synonymous with ''tartṛlsūs'', meaning "needed knowledge, prerequisite") | ||
'''- | '''-yai''' (often with lengthening) forms nouns with the meaning of "pertaining to", generally applied to nouns denoting inanimate (but usually concrete) concepts. Such nouns are found in literature with an anaphorical use.<br/>It is commonly found in Chlouvānem surnames. In chemistry, it denotes binary compounds, usually with a dvandva stem. | ||
* ''vīhatam'' (farm) → '' | * ''vīhatam'' (farm) → ''vīhātyai'' (farmer; farm's) | ||
* ''svāṣṭa'' (armor) → ''svāṣṭyai'' (armored knight) | * ''svāṣṭa'' (armor) → ''svāṣṭyai'' (armored knight) | ||
* ''bilumbida'' (sodium) + ''talyelīm'' (chlorine) → ''bilumbītalyelīyai'' (sodium chloride) | * ''bilumbida'' (sodium) + ''talyelīm'' (chlorine) → ''bilumbītalyelīyai'' (sodium chloride) | ||
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* ''alūs'' (bottle) → ''alūrarā'' (a big bottle) | * ''alūs'' (bottle) → ''alūrarā'' (a big bottle) | ||
=== | ===Verb-forming morphemes=== | ||
Denominal verbs, in Chlouvānem, are not formed with derivational suffixes; a "light verb" is attached to the semantic root instead; the semantic root remains invariable but the light verb is conjugated (as a prefixed one). The light verb used are especially ''dṛke'' (to do, make), but also ''jilde'' (to do an action), ''jānake'' (to feel (physical)), and ''gyake'' (to be). Some examples: | Denominal verbs, in Chlouvānem, are not formed with derivational suffixes; a "light verb" is attached to the semantic root instead; the semantic root remains invariable but the light verb is conjugated (as a prefixed one). The light verb used are especially ''dṛke'' (to do, make), but also ''jilde'' (to do an action), ''jānake'' (to feel (physical)), and ''gyake'' (to be). Some examples: | ||
* ''āmaya'' (collection) → ''āmayadṛke'' (to collect) | * ''āmaya'' (collection) → ''āmayadṛke'' (to collect) | ||