Aoma: Difference between revisions
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Neutral '''indicative''' is shown in the tables above and other moods are derived from it: | Neutral '''indicative''' is shown in the tables above and other moods are derived from it: | ||
*Plain '''imperative''' (suprahortative) is simply the PRES.2SG form: ''Roke!'' (Run!) | *Plain '''imperative''' (suprahortative) is simply the PRES.2SG form: ''Roke!'' (Run!) | ||
**Longer imperative is formed by using the indicative | **Longer imperative is formed by using the indicative PRES.3SG verb form together with a pronoun: '''''Peko foo''' sish naee!'' (You give it to me!) | ||
**'''Prohibitive''' is formed similarly with negative verb [[Aoma#Negation|''söm'']] and infinite of the main verb. | **'''Prohibitive''' is formed similarly with negative verb [[Aoma#Negation|''söm'']] and infinite of the main verb. | ||
*'''Optative''' (cohortative; imprecative with ''söm'') is used for requests and as a polite imperative. It is formed by joining | *'''Optative''' (cohortative; imprecative with ''söm'') is used for requests and as a polite imperative (precative). It is formed by joining PRES.3SG and conjugated ''komma'' (to do): ''Peko'''komu''' sish naee.'' (Could you give it to me.) | ||
**'''Permissive''' is used by those with higher social status for giving permissions to members of lower social classes. It is formed by using optative | **'''Permissive''' is used by those with higher social status for giving permissions to members of lower social classes. It is formed by using optative 3SG with second person pronoun datives: ''Rokkoma votei.'' (You all are allowed to run.) With 1st person datives it is antihonorific while with 3rd person datives it expresses indifference: ''Wapkoma shye.'' (It doesn't matter if he goes.) | ||
**'''Volitive''' is intended for wishes and created by using honorifics ''haa/hää'' (SG/PL) with optative 3SG and (polite) datives: ''Hää'ijikoma Iwaa Weteki!'' (May the Light shine for all of You!) | |||
*'''Conditional''' of conditional sentence apodoses is formed through final right-to-left reduplication and then conjugated normally: ''pekkokko'', ''vomvom'', ''tyte(s)tes'' so that ''Pekkokom'' means "We would give". | *'''Conditional''' of conditional sentence apodoses is formed through final right-to-left reduplication and then conjugated normally: ''pekkokko'', ''vomvom'', ''tyte(s)tes'' so that ''Pekkokom'' means "We would give". | ||
*'''Subjunctive''' (potential), which is used in some dependent clauses, | *'''Subjunctive''' (potential), which is used to express possibility as well as in some dependent clauses, is formed through initial left-to-right reduplication, but always with CV or VC parts of the first syllable: ''pepekko'', ''vovom'', ''tytytes'', ''ejejom'' | ||
**Double reduplication gives a mood similar to '''eventive''' and it is used in conditional sentence protasis and speculatives: ''Pekkokoran '''tetellulun'''.'' (I would give '''if I had'''.) (notice also the future tense of apodosis) | **Double reduplication (subjunctive+conditional) gives a mood similar to '''eventive''' and it is used in conditional sentence protasis and speculatives: ''Pekkokoran '''tetellulun'''.'' (I would give '''if I had'''.) (notice also the future tense of apodosis) | ||
*'''Interrogative''' is the question form of verbs which is created by adding the prefix ''so'': ''Vamo Vosokusik.'' → ''Sovamo Aumax?'' (You speak English. → Do you speak Aoma?) Stress remains on the verb but pitch rises towards the end. | *'''Interrogative''' is the question form of verbs which is created by adding the prefix ''so'': ''Vamo Vosokusik.'' → ''Sovamo Aumax?'' (You speak English. → Do you speak Aoma?) Stress remains on the verb but pitch rises towards the end. | ||
**Combination of interrogative and subjunctive gives indirect '''propositive''': ''Sowawapemo?'' (Should we go? It might be time for us to go...) | **Combination of interrogative and subjunctive gives indirect '''propositive''': ''Sowawapemo?'' (Should we go? It might be time for us to go...) | ||