Meskangela: Difference between revisions
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! colspan=3 | Voiced | ! colspan=3 | Voiced | ||
! colspan=3 | Nasal | ! colspan=3 | Nasal | ||
! [[w:Lateral approximant|Lateral<br>approximant]] | ! style="background:beige;"| [[w:Lateral approximant|Lateral<br>approximant]] | ||
! [[w:Glottal consonant|Glottal]] | ! style="background:beige;"| [[w:Glottal consonant|Glottal]] | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! <small>letter</small> | ! <small>letter</small> | ||
| Line 76: | Line 76: | ||
! <small>sound</small> | ! <small>sound</small> | ||
! <small>rom.</small> | ! <small>rom.</small> | ||
| font-size: | | style="background:beige; font-size:28px;"| ལྷ | ||
| rowspan=3| — | | style="background:beige;" rowspan=3| — | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! [[w:Velar consonant|Velar]] | ! [[w:Velar consonant|Velar]] | ||
| font-size: | | style="font-size:28px;"| ཁ || [kʰ] || ''kh'' || style="font-size:28px;"| ཀ || [k] || ''k'' || style="font-size:28px;"| ཨ || [ɣ~∅], *[x] || ''g'' || style="font-size:28px;"| ག || [ɣ] || ''g'' || style="font-size:28px;"| ང || [ŋ] || ''ŋ'' || style="background:beige;"| [ɬ] | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! [[w:Palatal consonant|Palatal]] | ! [[w:Palatal consonant|Palatal]] | ||
| font-size: | | style="font-size:28px;"| ཆ || [t͡ɕʰ] || ''ch'' || style="font-size:28px;"| ཅ || [t͡ɕ] || ''c'' || style="font-size:28px;"| ས || [s] || ''s'' || style="font-size:28px;"| ཡ || [j] || ''j'' || colspan=3| — || style="background:beige;"| ''lh'' | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! [[w:Dental consonant|Dental]] | ! [[w:Dental consonant|Dental]] | ||
| font-size: | | style="font-size:28px;"| ཁ || [tʰ] || ''th'' || style="font-size:28px;"| ཀ || [t] || ''t'' || style="font-size:28px;"| ཞ || [θ] || ''z'' || style="font-size:28px;"| ཨ || [ð̞~ɹ] || ''d'' || style="font-size:28px;"| ན || [n] || ''n'' || style="background:beige; font-size:28px;"| ལ || style="background:beige; font-size:28px;"| འ | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! [[w:Labial consonant|Labial]] | ! [[w:Labial consonant|Labial]] | ||
| font-size: | | style="font-size:28px;"| ཕ || [pʰ] || ''ph'' || style="font-size:28px;"| པ || [p] || ''p'' || style="font-size:28px;"| ཧ || [h~ɦ], *[f] || ''h'' || style="font-size:28px;"| བ || [w] || ''w'' || style="font-size:28px;"| མ || [m] || ''m'' || style="background:beige;"| [l] || style="background:beige;"| [a], *[aʱ] | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! [[w:Trill consonant|Trill]] | ! [[w:Trill consonant|Trill]] | ||
| font-size: | | style="font-size:28px;"| རྷ || [r̥] || ''rh'' || style="font-size:28px;"| ར || [r] || ''r'' || style="font-size:28px;"| རྲ || [d͡z] || ''ʒ'' ||colspan=6 | — || style="background:beige;"| ''l'' || style="background:beige;"| ''a'' | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! colspan=19 | Vowels and semivowels | ! colspan=19 | Vowels and semivowels | ||
| Line 117: | Line 117: | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! Short vowels | ! Short vowels | ||
| ◌ི || [i] || ''i'' || ◌ུ || [u] || ''u'' || ◌ེ || [e] || ''e'' || ◌ོ || [o] || ''o'' || ◌ཾ || [a] || ''a'' || ◌ || [ə] || ''ë'' | | style="font-size:26px;"| ◌ི || [i] || ''i'' || style="font-size:26px;"| ◌ུ || [u] || ''u'' || style="font-size:26px;"| ◌ེ || [e] || ''e'' || style="font-size:26px;"| ◌ོ || [o] || ''o'' || style="font-size:26px;"| ◌ཾ || [a] || ''a'' || style="font-size:26px;"| ◌ || [ə] || ''ë'' | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! Long vowels | ! Long vowels | ||
| ◌ཱི || [iː] || ''ī'' || ◌ཱུ || [uː] || ''ū'' || ◌ཻ || [eː] || ''ē'' || ◌ཽ || [oː] || ''ō'' || ◌ཱ || [aː] || ''ā'' || ◌྅ || [øː] || ''ö'' | | style="font-size:26px;"| ◌ཱི || [iː] || ''ī'' || style="font-size:26px;"| ◌ཱུ || [uː] || ''ū'' || style="font-size:26px;"| ◌ཻ || [eː] || ''ē'' || style="font-size:26px;"| ◌ཽ || [oː] || ''ō'' || style="font-size:26px;"| ◌ཱ || [aː] || ''ā'' || style="font-size:26px;"| ◌྅ || [øː] || ''ö'' | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! Diphthongs | ! Diphthongs | ||
| ◌ྃ || [aɪ] || ''ai'' || ◌ྂ || [aʊ] || ''au'' || ◌ཿ || *[aʱ] || ''ā'' || ◌ྸ || [˥] || ''◌́'' || ◌ྱ || [ʲ] || ''y'' || ◌ྭ || [ʷ] || ''w'' | | style="font-size:26px;"| ◌ྃ || [aɪ] || ''ai'' || style="font-size:26px;"| ◌ྂ || [aʊ] || ''au'' || style="font-size:26px;"| ◌ཿ || *[aʱ] || ''ā'' || style="font-size:26px;"| ◌ྸ || [˥] || style="font-size:26px;"| ''◌́'' || ◌ྱ || [ʲ] || ''y'' || style="font-size:26px;"| ◌ྭ || [ʷ] || ''w'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
The table above demonstrates all characters of the Meskangēl script and their classical pronunciation. Individual dialects may vary greatly over the way certain characters are pronounced, and some dialects do not use certain letters, while others still retain the Classical Meskangela spelling, even though the pronunciation is different. For example, the Eastern variety does not use "◌ྂ" (''au''), replacing it with "◌ཱུ" (''ū'') everywhere, and uses "ཨ" to represent [l], while the Southern variety does not use letters "ཨ" and "ཞ", the tone symbol "◌ྸ" and the "◌ཿ " ending and ignore those characters while reading. | The table above demonstrates all characters of the Meskangēl script and their classical pronunciation. Individual dialects may vary greatly over the way certain characters are pronounced, and some dialects do not use certain letters, while others still retain the Classical Meskangela spelling, even though the pronunciation is different. For example, the Eastern variety does not use "◌ྂ" (''au''), replacing it with "◌ཱུ" (''ū'') everywhere, and uses "ཨ" to represent [l], while the Southern variety does not use letters "ཨ" and "ཞ", the tone symbol "◌ྸ" and the "◌ཿ " ending and ignore those characters while reading. | ||
[[Category:Languages]] | [[Category:Languages]] | ||