Gemendic: Difference between revisions

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===Pronouns===

====Personal pronouns====

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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

|+ Essanian personal pronouns

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! rowspan="2" colspan="4" | Person, Number, Formality, Gender !! colspan="4" | Independent || colspan="4" | Clitic

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! Subject !! Object !! Reflexive Object!! Possessive !! Direct object !! Indirect object !! Reflexive !! Possessive

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! rowspan="3" | 1st !! colspan="3" | Singular

| ''yo'' || colspan="2"| ''mi'' || ''miyu/miyos, miya/miyes, miyo'' || colspan="3" | me, m'1 || ''mo(n)2/mos, ma(n)2/mes, mo(n)2''

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! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | Plural !! Masculine

| colspan="3" | ''nós; nosotros'' || rowspan="2" | ''nues/nuesos, nuesa/nueses, nueso'' || rowspan="2" colspan="3"| ''nos'' || rowspan="2" | –

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! Feminine

| colspan="3" | ''nós; nosotres''

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! rowspan="7" | 2nd !! rowspan="3" | Singular || colspan="2" | Informal

| ''tu'' ||colspan="2"| ''ti'' || ''tuw/tuwos, tuwa/tuwes, tuwo'' || colspan="3" | te, t'1 || ''to(n)2/tos, ta(n)2/tes, to(n)2''

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! rowspan="2"| Formal !! Masculine

| rowspan="2" colspan="2"| ''vucé'' || rowspan="2"| ''sí'' || rowspan="2"| ''suw/suwos, suwa/suwes, suwo'' || lu, l'1, ''-l''3 || rowspan="2"| ''lhi'' || rowspan="2"| se, s'1 || rowspan="2"| ''so(n)2/sos, sa(n)2/ses, so(n)2''

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! Feminine

| la, l'4

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! rowspan="4" | Plural !! rowspan="2" | Informal !! Masculine

| colspan="3" | ''vós; vosotros'' || rowspan="2" | ''vues/vuesos, vuesa/vueses, vueso'' || rowspan="2" colspan="3"| ''vos'' || rowspan="2" | –

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! Feminine

| colspan="3" | ''vós; vosotres''

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! rowspan="2" | Formal !! Masculine

| rowspan="2" colspan="2"| ''vucés'' || rowspan="8"| ''sí'' ||rowspan="2"| ''lor/loros, lora/lores, loro'' || ''los'' || rowspan="2"| ''lhis'' || rowspan="2"| se, s'1, ''-sen''5 || rowspan="2"| –

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! Feminine

| ''les''

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! rowspan="5" | 3rd !! rowspan="3" colspan="2" | Singular !! Masculine

| colspan="2"| ''elh'' || rowspan="3"| ''suw/suwos, suwa/suwes, suwo'' || lu, l'1, ''-l''3 || rowspan="3"| lhi, lh'1 || rowspan="3"| se, s'1|| rowspan="3"| ''so(n)2/sos, sa(n)2/ses, so(n)2''

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! Feminine

| colspan="2"| ''elha'' || la, l'4

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! Neuter

| colspan="2"| ''elho'' || lo, l'1

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! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | Plural !! Masculine

| colspan="2"| ''elhos'' || rowspan="2"| ''lor/loros, lora/lores, loro'' || ''los'' || rowspan="2"| ''lhis'' || rowspan="2"| se, s'1, ''-sen''5 || rowspan="2"| –

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! Feminine

| colspan="2"| ''elhes'' || ''les''

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! colspan="4" | Impersonal

| colspan="2" | ''wemo'' || ''suw/suwos, suwa/suwes, suwo'' || lo, l'1 || lhi, lh'1 || se, s'1 || ''so(n)2/sos, sa(n)2/ses, so(n)2''

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'''Notes:'''

1 Preverbal before vowel.

2 -''n'' is appended to the singular clitic possessives when the following word begins in a vowel. Also note that in more archaic forms of Essanian, a glide may be added after the initial consonant of the clitic possessives in both the singular and plural. This glide is ''-i-'' in the first person and ''-u-'' in the second and third persons.

3 Post-verbal after vowel.

4 Preverbal before ''a''.

5 Post-verbal after non-finite form (infinitive, participles, etc.).

Note that post-verbal clitic pronouns are always separated from the verb with a hyphen.

The neuter gender is used to refer to abstract ideas, infinitives, ''que'' clauses, inanimate interrogatives and indefinites, and similar.

When a verb has multiple clitic object pronouns, they combine in the following order: ''reflexive OP + indirect OP + direct OP + adverbial OP'' (see below).-->

==Syntax==

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