Norþimris: Difference between revisions
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===Dialects=== | ===Dialects=== | ||
There is a great deal of dialect variation across Norþimer, but there are generally considered to be four main dialects: | There is a great deal of dialect variation across Norþimer, but there are generally considered to be four main dialects: | ||
* Southern, which is the closest to a 'standard' dialect, found in '' | * Southern, which is the closest to a 'standard' dialect, found in ''Yorucschir'' | ||
* Northern, extending north from ''Weer | * Northern, extending north from ''Weer Ey'' (River Wear) to the Scottish border | ||
* Western, the dialect west of the moors | * Western, the dialect west of the moors | ||
* South-western, the dialect of the '' | * South-western, the dialect of the ''Þreeplands'', sometimes called ''Þreeplandris'' | ||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
The consonant inventory of Norþimris is very similar to that of English and has changed little since the Old English period. | |||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 660px; text-align:center;" | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 660px; text-align:center;" | ||
! style="width: 68px; "| | ! style="width: 68px; "| | ||
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| ɹ | | (ɹ) | ||
| | | | ||
| j | | j | ||
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|} | |} | ||
Notes: | |||
* /ɹ/ is an allophone of /ɾ/ found before consonants. | |||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
The Norþimris vowel system is probably best understood as consisting of 6 short vowels, 7 historically 'long' vowels (which are more commonly pronounced as diphthongs) and 4 true diphthongs. | |||
====Short Vowels==== | |||
The short vowels are shown in the table below. They include the reduced vowel /ə/, which may be an allophonic variant of any other short vowel in an unstressed syllable. | |||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | ||
! style="width: 90px; "| | ! style="width: 90px; "| | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Close | ! style="" |Close | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Near-close | ! style="" |Near-close | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Close-mid | ! style="" |Close-mid | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Mid | ! style="" |Mid | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Near-open | ! style="" |Near-open | ||
| | | | ||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|} | |} | ||
====The 'Long' Vowels==== | |||
===Stress=== | ===Stress=== | ||
Primary stress is usually on the first syllable of a word (e.g. ''ápel, átermot, héfenlie''). The prefixes ''a-, be-'' and ''fer-'' do not usually bear stress, so the following element takes it (e.g. ''ahínt, fersétand''). | Primary stress is usually on the first syllable of a word (e.g. ''ápel, átermot, héfenlie''). The prefixes ''a-, be-'' and ''fer-'' do not usually bear stress, so the following element takes it (e.g. ''ahínt, fersétand''). | ||