Chlouvānem/Morphology: Difference between revisions
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(Added section on impersonal verbs) |
(Added verb ''najake'') |
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There are some compound verbs which are formed by a "meaning stem" + ''gyake''; they conjugate just like ''gyake'' does: | There are some compound verbs which are formed by a "meaning stem" + ''gyake''; they conjugate just like ''gyake'' does: | ||
* ''pṛšcāṃgyake'' "to like"<ref>More properly "to be pleasing", e.g. ''lunai liū pṛšcāmvæl'' "tea is pleasing to me" → "I like tea".</ref> → present ''pṛšcāmvalu'', ''pṛšcāmvali'', ''pṛšcāmvæl''... past ''pṛšcāmmos'', ''pṛšcāmmoçi'', ''pṛšcāmmitь''... perfect ''pṛšcāmegyam''... future ''pṛšcāmmavū'' ; the same in other moods, e.g. necessitative present ''pṛšcāmmokṣyu'', ''pṛšcāmmokṣyi''...<br/>Note that in colloquial speech the form of ''gyake'' is omitted in the present indicative, e.g. ''pṛšcām'' is "to be pleasing" for all persons. | * ''pṛšcāṃgyake'' "to like"<ref>More properly "to be pleasing", e.g. ''lunai liū pṛšcāmvæl'' "tea is pleasing to me" → "I like tea".</ref> → present ''pṛšcāmvalu'', ''pṛšcāmvali'', ''pṛšcāmvæl''... past ''pṛšcāmmos'', ''pṛšcāmmoçi'', ''pṛšcāmmitь''... perfect ''pṛšcāmegyam''... future ''pṛšcāmmavū'' ; the same in other moods, e.g. necessitative present ''pṛšcāmmokṣyu'', ''pṛšcāmmokṣyi''...<br/>Note that in colloquial speech the form of ''gyake'' is omitted in the present indicative, e.g. ''pṛšcām'' is "to be pleasing" for all persons. | ||
* ''najake'' "to happen" (''nañ-gya-'', irregular saṃdhi) morphologically conjugates like ''gyake'' but has some peculiarities: | |||
** Like ''gyake'', there is no agent-, dative-, and instrumental-trigger voice, but the patient-trigger voice has a dative meaning - e.g. ''navalu'' "it happens to me". | |||
** The basic, semantically patientive forms, are the interior ones (with the stem ''nañ-gy-ir''), and they only exist for the third persons - e.g. ''najire'' "it happens", ''najirdāvo'' "they (dual) happen", ''najirųt'' "they happen", and so on. | |||
===Analytic constructions and auxiliary verbs=== | ===Analytic constructions and auxiliary verbs=== | ||