Qazhrian: Difference between revisions
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==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
===Mutations=== | ===Mutations=== | ||
Qazhrian has three types of mutations: soft, nasal, and hard. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Radical''' || p || t || | | '''Radical''' || p || t || c || s || tq || q || tj || sj || c || b || d || dz || z || dx || x || dj || zj || g | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Soft''' || | | '''Soft''' || b || d || x || s || q || h || sj || h || ch || v || dh || z || 0 || x || 0 || zj || 0 || gh | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Nasal''' || | | '''Nasal''' || p || t || c || s || q || h || sj || h || ch || v || dh || z || 0 || x || 0 || zj || 0 || gh | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Hard''' || | | '''Hard''' || p || t || c || h || q || h || sj || h || ch || v || dh || z || 0 || x || 0 || zj || 0 || gh | ||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 22:24, 9 February 2018
Qazhrian (/kɑːʒriən/ KAHZH-ree-uhn; natively: Qazhrem /ˈqaʒrem/ or hë Lazhrem /hə ˈʟaʒrem/) is a Talmic language spoken in Qazhra (from Thensarian Ȝactrasē), a Talman country. It is descended from Thensarian.
External history
This language was originally called Benocian and was Romance- and Ashkenazi Hebrew-inspired, and it had a strong Portuguese flavor. Recently I decided to rework it, basing the aesthetic more on Albanian and Breton.
Ideas
- Breton-ish but not too gibby. Get more palatal consonants.
- /ts, dz/ from Thensarian /θ ð/
- or > /š ž/?
- d and dz both lenite to z
- /q/ lenites intervocallically to /ʟ/
- /m/ does NOT lenite.
- nō = I
- wōr = you (sg)
- tëzh = child
- rront = man
- yënal = water
- wëkj = name
- që = in front of
- basht = head
Diachronics
- i ī u ū e o ē ō a ā e ae ao ei eo iu oe ui > i e ou u ë o ō ē a ō ai au e ou u e
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | nj /ɲ/ | ng /ŋ/ | |||
| Plosive | voiceless | p /p/ | t /t/, c /ts/ | kj /c/ | k /k/ | q /q/ | |
| voiced | b /b/ | d /d/, x /dz/ | gj /ɟ/ | g /g/ | |||
| Fricative | voiceless | f /f/ | s /s/ | sh /ʃ/ | c'h /x/ | ħ /χ/ | h /h/ |
| voiced | v /v/ | z /z/ | zh /ʒ/ | gh /ɣ/ | |||
| Liquid | r /ɾ/, rr /r/ | l /ɴ̆~ʟ/ | |||||
| Approximant | w /w/ | y /j/ | |||||
p, f are found in loanwords (e.g. from Clofabic and Windermere).
Auslautverhärtung operates for plosives and is reflected in the orthography.
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i /i/ | u /y/ | ou /u/ |
| Close-mid | e /e/ | ë /ə/ | o /o/ |
| Open-mid | ē /ɛ/ | ō /ɔ/ | |
| Open | a /a/ |
Diphthongs: ai au /əi əu/; ië uë ouë /iə yə uə/ from loans
Morphology
Mutations
Qazhrian has three types of mutations: soft, nasal, and hard.
| Radical | p | t | c | s | tq | q | tj | sj | c | b | d | dz | z | dx | x | dj | zj | g |
| Soft | b | d | x | s | q | h | sj | h | ch | v | dh | z | 0 | x | 0 | zj | 0 | gh |
| Nasal | p | t | c | s | q | h | sj | h | ch | v | dh | z | 0 | x | 0 | zj | 0 | gh |
| Hard | p | t | c | h | q | h | sj | h | ch | v | dh | z | 0 | x | 0 | zj | 0 | gh |
| Radical | m | n | ng | w | l | r | y |
| Soft | w | n | w | w | w | r | y |
| Nasal | w | n | w | w | w | r | y |
| Hard | w | n | w | w | w | r | y |
Nouns
Qazhrian lost grammatical gender and all nominal inflections except number and construct state.
Article mutation example:
- tëzh 'a child'; hë dëzh 'the child'
- rront 'a man'; hë ront 'the man'
Construct state is usually formed with -ët or -t:
- tëzhët hë ront 'the man's child'
Verbs
There are finite verbs, but auxiliaries are also important