Kola: Difference between revisions

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====Voice====

Native verbs normally end in ''-ä/a'', which is dropped upon the addition of suffixes. Verbs ending in other vowels add suffixes after their final vowel. The suffixes used for irregular verbs are shown in square brackets where they differ from regular verbs. Accented suffixes override the verb's native accent.

Native verbs normally end in ''-ä/a'', which is dropped upon the addition of suffixes. Suffixes ending in ''-ä'' similarly drop it when another suffix is added. Verbs ending in other vowels add suffixes after their final vowel. The suffixes used for irregular verbs are shown in square brackets where they differ from regular verbs. Accented suffixes override the verb's native accent.

'''Passive''' is formed with the suffix ''-wa'' in the present and ''-(ï)lo'' in the perfect.

:e.g. *ጔዷ ''~~gwèddwa~~'' "to be walked", *ጔድሎ ''~~gwèddïlo~~'' "to have been walked" ~~(doesn't make sense, but you get the idea)~~.

:e.g. ጔድሏ ''gwèddïlwa'' "to be walked to", ጔድሎ ''gwèddïllo'' "to have been walked to".

'''Causative''' is formed with the suffix ''-íshä'' [''-́shä''] in the present and ''-íze'' [''-́ze''] in the perfect. This suffix spirantizes and palatalizes preceding consonants wherever applicable; however, loanwords may not be affected.

:e.g. ጔዚሸ ''~~gwezzíshä~~'' "to cause to walk", ጔዚዜ ''~~gwezzíze~~'' "to have caused to walk".

:e.g. ጔዚሸ ''gwezzíshä'' "to cause to walk", ጔዚዜ ''gwezzíze'' "to have caused to walk".

'''Applicative''' is formed with the suffix ''-(ï)lä'' in the present and ''-~~íle~~'' ~~[''-́le'']~~ in the perfect. This suffix causes velar/guttural consonants to be palatalized; again, loanwords may not be affected.

'''Applicative''' is formed with the suffix ''-(ï)lä'' in the present and ''-(ï)le'' in the perfect. This suffix causes velar/guttural consonants to be palatalized; again, loanwords may not be affected.

:e.g. ጔድለ ''~~gwèddïlä~~'' "to walk to", ጔዲሌ ''~~gweddíle~~'' "to have walked to".

:e.g. ጔድለ ''gwèddïlä'' "to walk to", ጔዲሌ ''gwèddïle'' "to have walked to".

'''Reciprocal''' is formed with the suffix ''-~~änä~~'' [''-nä''] in the present and ''-~~äne~~'' [''-ne''] in the perfect.

'''Reciprocal''' is formed with the suffix ''-ä̀nä'' [''-̀nä''] in the present and ''-ä̀ne'' [''-̀ne''] in the perfect.

:e.g. ጔድለነ ''~~gwèddïlänä~~'' "to walk to each other", ጔድለኔ ''~~gwèddïläne~~'' "to have walked to each other".

:e.g. ጔድለነ ''gweddïlä̀nä'' "to walk to each other", ጔድለኔ ''gweddïlä̀ne'' "to have walked to each other".

Suffixes can be stacked, with the order depending on the meaning. Only the final suffix changes in the perfect.

:e.g. ጔዚሽለኗ ''~~gwezzíshïlänwa~~'' "to be made to walk to each other", ጔዚሽለንሎ ''~~gwezzíshïlänlo~~'' "to have been made to walk to each other"

:e.g. ጔዚሽለኗ ''gwezzishïlä̀nwa'' "to be made to walk to each other", ጔዚሽለንሎ ''gwezzishïlä̀nlo'' "to have been made to walk to each other".

==Syntax==

@@ Line 920: / Line 920: @@
 ====Voice====
-Native verbs normally end in ''-ä/a'', which is dropped upon the addition of suffixes. Verbs ending in other vowels add suffixes after their final vowel. The suffixes used for irregular verbs are shown in square brackets where they differ from regular verbs. Accented suffixes override the verb's native accent.
+Native verbs normally end in ''-ä/a'', which is dropped upon the addition of suffixes. Suffixes ending in ''-ä'' similarly drop it when another suffix is added. Verbs ending in other vowels add suffixes after their final vowel. The suffixes used for irregular verbs are shown in square brackets where they differ from regular verbs. Accented suffixes override the verb's native accent.
 '''Passive''' is formed with the suffix ''-wa'' in the present and ''-(ï)lo'' in the perfect.
-:e.g. *ጔዷ ''gwèddwa'' "to be walked", *ጔድሎ ''gwèddïlo'' "to have been walked" (doesn't make sense, but you get the idea).
+:e.g. ጔድሏ ''gwèddïl<b>wa</b>'' "to be walked to", ጔድሎ ''gwèddïl<b>lo</b>'' "to have been walked to".
 '''Causative''' is formed with the suffix ''-íshä'' [''-́shä''] in the present and ''-íze'' [''-́ze''] in the perfect. This suffix spirantizes and palatalizes preceding consonants wherever applicable; however, loanwords may not be affected.
-:e.g. ጔዚሸ ''gwezzíshä'' "to cause to walk", ጔዚዜ ''gwezzíze'' "to have caused to walk".
+:e.g. ጔዚሸ ''gwezz<b>íshä</b>'' "to cause to walk", ጔዚዜ ''gwezz<b>íze</b>'' "to have caused to walk".
-'''Applicative''' is formed with the suffix ''-(ï)lä'' in the present and ''-íle'' [''-́le''] in the perfect. This suffix causes velar/guttural consonants to be palatalized; again, loanwords may not be affected.
+'''Applicative''' is formed with the suffix ''-(ï)lä'' in the present and ''-(ï)le'' in the perfect. This suffix causes velar/guttural consonants to be palatalized; again, loanwords may not be affected.
-:e.g. ጔድለ ''gwèddïlä'' "to walk to", ጔዲሌ ''gweddíle'' "to have walked to".
+:e.g. ጔድለ ''gwèdd<b>ïlä</b>'' "to walk to", ጔዲሌ ''gwèdd<b>ïle</b>'' "to have walked to".
-'''Reciprocal''' is formed with the suffix ''-änä'' [''-nä''] in the present and ''-äne'' [''-ne''] in the perfect.
+'''Reciprocal''' is formed with the suffix ''-ä̀nä'' [''-̀nä''] in the present and ''-ä̀ne'' [''-̀ne''] in the perfect.
-:e.g. ጔድለነ ''gwèddïlänä'' "to walk to each other", ጔድለኔ ''gwèddïläne'' "to have walked to each other".
+:e.g. ጔድለነ ''gweddïl<b>ä̀nä</b>'' "to walk to each other", ጔድለኔ ''gweddïl<b>ä̀ne</b>'' "to have walked to each other".
 Suffixes can be stacked, with the order depending on the meaning<!--CARP-->. Only the final suffix changes in the perfect.
-:e.g. ጔዚሽለኗ ''gwezzíshïlänwa'' "to be made to walk to each other", ጔዚሽለንሎ ''gwezzíshïlänlo'' "to have been made to walk to each other"
+:e.g. ጔዚሽለኗ ''gwezz<b>ishïlä̀nwa</b>'' "to be made to walk to each other", ጔዚሽለንሎ ''gwezz<b>ishïlä̀nlo</b>'' "to have been made to walk to each other".
 ==Syntax==