Verse:Hmøøh/Society and politics: Difference between revisions
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Diphthongs often distinguish length. | Diphthongs often distinguish length. | ||
'''ai, ei''' /aːɪ̯/<br/> | '''ai, ei''' / '''ai, ei''' / '''ái, ếi''' /aːɪ̯/<br/> | ||
'''ay, ey''' /aɪ̯/<br/> | '''ay, ey''' / '''ay, ey''' / '''ai, êi''' /aɪ̯/<br/> | ||
'''ao''' /aːʊ̯/<br/> | '''ao''' / '''ao''' / '''áu''' /aːʊ̯/<br/> | ||
'''au''' /aʊ/<br/> | '''au''' / '''au''' / '''au''' /aʊ/<br/> | ||
'''aa''' /aːɜ̯/<br/> | '''aa''' / '''aë''' / '''áơ''' /aːɜ̯/<br/> | ||
'''aư''' /aɯ̯/<br/> | '''aư''' / '''aï''' / '''aư''' /aɯ̯/<br/> | ||
'''eư, êư''' /ɤːɯ̯/<br/> | '''eư, êư''' / '''eu, äu''' / '''ớư''' /ɤːɯ̯/<br/> | ||
'''ơư''' /ɤɯ̯/<br/> | '''ơư''' / '''ëu''' / '''ơư''' /ɤɯ̯/<br/> | ||
'''ee''' /eːɪ̯/<br/> | '''ee''' / '''ee''' / '''éi''' /eːɪ̯/<br/> | ||
'''ia''' /iɜ̯/<br/> | '''ia''' / '''ia''' / '''ie''' /iɜ̯/<br/> | ||
'''ie''' /iːɜ̯/<br/> | '''ie''' / '''ie''' / '''íe''' /iːɜ̯/<br/> | ||
'''oo''' /oːʊ̯/<br/> | '''oo''' / '''oo''' / '''óu''' /oːʊ̯/<br/> | ||
'''ua''' /uɜ̯/<br/> | '''ua''' / '''ua''' / '''ua''' /uɜ̯/<br/> | ||
'''uo''' /uːɜ̯/<br/> | '''uo''' / '''uo''' / '''úa''' /uːɜ̯/<br/> | ||
'''ưa''' /ɯɜ̯/<br/> | '''ưa''' / '''ïa''' / '''ya''' /ɯɜ̯/<br/> | ||
'''ươ''' /ɯːɜ̯/<br/> | '''ươ''' / '''ïë''' / '''ýa''' /ɯːɜ̯/<br/> | ||
===Phonotactics=== | ===Phonotactics=== | ||
Revision as of 16:26, 12 January 2014
Phonology
The phonology was inspired by Southeast Asian languages, and the orthography is a homage to some guy who advocated writing Vietnamese more like German.
Consonants
| Bơlơn consonants (Aesthetic Romanization) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labial | Dental | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | |||
| Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | nh /ɳ/ | ng /ŋ/ | ||||
| Plosive | tenuis | p /p/ | t /t/ | z /c/ | k /k/ | ʼ /ʔ/ | ||
| aspirated | ph /pʰ/ | th /tʰ/ | zh /cʰ/ | kh /kʰ/ | ||||
| breathy-voiced | b /bʱ/ | d /ɗʱ/ | ɟ /ɟʱ/ | g /gʱ/ | ||||
| Fricative | voiceless | v /f/ | ß /s/ | sch /ç/ | ch /x/ | h /h/ | ||
| voiced | s /ð/ | |||||||
| Approximant | w /β̞/ | y, j /j~ʝ/ | ||||||
| Liquid | l /l/ | r /ʀ/ | ||||||
Geminate /cc(ʰ)/ and /kk(ʰ)/ are tz(h) and ck(h)
Or
| (Represents the way Talsmic-speaking scholars were likely to transliterate it) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labial | Dental | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | |||
| Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | ñ /ɳ/ | ng /ŋ/ | ||||
| Plosive | tenuis | p /p/ | t /t/ | ŧ /c/ | c /k/ | ʼ /ʔ/ | ||
| aspirated | pʰ /pʰ/ | tʰ /tʰ/ | ŧʰ /cʰ/ | cʰ /kʰ/ | ||||
| breathy-voiced | b /bʱ/ | d /ɗʱ/ | dŧ /ɟʱ/ | g /gʱ/ | ||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f /f/ | th /s/ | s /ç/ | ch /x/ | h /h/ | ||
| voiced | ð /ð/ | |||||||
| Approximant | v /β̞/ | z, ı /j~ʝ/ | ||||||
| Liquid | l /l/ | ŗ /ʀ/ | ||||||
Vowels
| Vowels (Aesthetic 1) | ||||||
| Front | Back | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | |||||
| short | long | short | long | short | long | |
| Close | i /i/ | í /iː/ | ư /ɯ/ | ứ /ɯː/ | u /u/ | ú /uː/ |
| Close-mid | e /e/ | é /eː/ | ơ /ɤ/ | ớ /ɤː/ | o /o/ | ó /oː/ |
| Open-mid | ê /ɛ/ | ế /ɛː/ | ô /ɔ/ | ố /ɔː/ | ||
| Open | a /a/ | á /aː/ | ||||
| Vowels (Aesthetic 2) | ||||||
| Front | Back | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | |||||
| short | long | short | long | short | long | |
| Close | i /i/ | ih /iː/ | ï /ɯ/ | ïh /ɯː/ | u /u/ | uh /uː/ |
| Close-mid | e /e/ | eh /eː/ | ë /ɤ/ | ëh /ɤː/ | o /o/ | oh /oː/ |
| Open-mid | ä /ɛ/ | äh /ɛː/ | å /ɔ/ | åh /ɔː/ | ||
| Open | a /a/ | ah /aː/ | ||||
| Vowels (Talsmic-eye(or is it ear?)-view transliteration) | ||||||
| Front | Back | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | |||||
| short | long | short | long | short | long | |
| Close | i /i/ | í /iː/ | y /ɯ/ | ý /ɯː/ | u /u/ | ú /uː/ |
| Close-mid | e /e/ | é /eː/ | ơ /ɤ/ | ớ /ɤː/ | o /o/ | ó /oː/ |
| Open-mid | ê /ɛ/ | ế /ɛː/ | ô /ɔ/ | ố /ɔː/ | ||
| Open | a /a/ | á /aː/ | ||||
Diphthongs
Diphthongs often distinguish length.
ai, ei / ai, ei / ái, ếi /aːɪ̯/
ay, ey / ay, ey / ai, êi /aɪ̯/
ao / ao / áu /aːʊ̯/
au / au / au /aʊ/
aa / aë / áơ /aːɜ̯/
aư / aï / aư /aɯ̯/
eư, êư / eu, äu / ớư /ɤːɯ̯/
ơư / ëu / ơư /ɤɯ̯/
ee / ee / éi /eːɪ̯/
ia / ia / ie /iɜ̯/
ie / ie / íe /iːɜ̯/
oo / oo / óu /oːʊ̯/
ua / ua / ua /uɜ̯/
uo / uo / úa /uːɜ̯/
ưa / ïa / ya /ɯɜ̯/
ươ / ïë / ýa /ɯːɜ̯/
Phonotactics
C[r/l/j/β]VC is the max. syllable structure.
Features
- Marked absolutive
- Possessum and possessor are both marked
- Absolutive, ergative/oblique
- Spatial tenses/directionality
- Pluractionality requires the antipassive
- More prefixing than suffixing
- Non-reduced relative clauses
- ??? Polysynthesis ???