Linguifex

Umbrean: Difference between revisions

← Older editNewer edit →
VisualWikitext
Line 1,057: Line 1,057:
==Verbs==
==Verbs==
===Conjugations===
===Conjugations===
===Conjugation===
:{|{{style|center}}
! colspan=1 |
! Perfective
! Retrospective
! Prospective
! Inceptive
! Continuative
! Pausative
! Terminative
! Genericative
|-
! Past
| Aortis
| Historal Causum
| rowspan=2 | Consequentum
| Past Initio
| Colspan=2 | Ingressus
| rowspan=2 | Finitum
| rowspan=3 | Plerum
|-
! Present
| <big>—</big>
| rowspan=2 | Causum
| bgcolor=#e4c0cf | Initio
| Present
| Pausa
|-
! Future
| Futurum
| Futurum Consequenta
| Futurum Initio
| bgcolor=#e4c0cf | Initio
| colspan=2 | Futurum Termius
|}
The umbrean verbs are conjugated for tense, aspect, mood and voice mainly. There is a residual conjugation for person and the grammatical gender of items but much of it has been lost. The conjugation is done by a primary vowel first followed by some sounds. The primary vowel is depended on which tense, mood and which gender and or person of the subject, agent or object noun is, which of the three depends on the verb.. The vowel comes in three classes, First, Second and Third kind. The vowel table tells which vowel is used while the Voice-Aspect-Tense, VAT, table tells which set to use on which VAT combination along with the remaining sounds around.
''Circumstantial Voice'':
An important differens for the Circumstantial voice is that it requires a particle infront of the verb. The postposition that it is meant to replace is used as a particle in its naked form, no addition of affixes due to gender or person.
''Negation'':
Negation is done though the VAT vowel, it changes from the +, positive or affirmative coloumn, to the -, negative or negation coloumn of the same sort along with agreeing like the vowel normally is.
:{| {{style|center}}
! colspan=20 | Vowels
|-
! colspan=2 rowspan=2 |
! Colspan=6 | Indicative
! Colspan=6 | Optative
! Colspan=6 | Subjunctive
|-
! colspan=2 | V<sub>1</sub>
! colspan=2 | V<sub>2</sub>
! colspan=2 | V<sub>3</sub>
! colspan=2 | V<sub>1</sub>
! colspan=2 | V<sub>2</sub>
! colspan=2 | V<sub>3</sub>
! colspan=2 | V<sub>1</sub>
! colspan=2 | V<sub>2</sub>
! colspan=2 | V<sub>3</sub>
|-
! colspan=2 |  Person
! +
! -
! +
! -
! +
! -
! +
! -
! +
! -
! +
! -
! +
! -
! +
! -
! +
! -
|-
! colspan=2 | First
<!-- Ind 1st -->
| Rowspan=3 | -ë || rowspan=5 | -ö
<!-- Ind 2nd -->
| rowspan=2 | -oo || rowspan=2 | -e
<!-- Ind 3rd -->
| -u || rowspan=3 | -ö
<!-- Opt 1st -->
| Rowspan=3 | -yy || rowspan=2 | -ë
<!-- Opt 2nd -->
| -e || rowspan=2 | -ö
<!-- Opt 3rd -->
| -e || rowspan=2 | -u
<!-- Sjv 1st-->
| -i || rowspan=3 | -u
<!-- Sjv 2nd-->
| rowspan=5 | -aa || rowspan=3 | -u
<!-- Sjv 3rd-->
| -i || rowspan=6 | -öö
|-
! colspan=2 | Second
<!-- Ind 3rd -->
| rowspan=3 | -ëë
<!-- Opt 2nd -->
| rowspan=2 | -ii
<!-- Opt 3rd -->
| rowspan=4 | -uu
<!-- Sjv 1st-->
| -a
<!-- Sjv 3rd-->
| rowspan=5 | -ë
|-
! rowspan=4 | Third
! Liv
<!-- Ind 2nd -->
| -üü || rowspan=3 | -ö
<!-- Opt 1st -->
| rowspan=2 | -e
<!-- Opt 2nd -->
| rowspan=4 | -y
<!-- Opt 3rd -->
| rowspan=4 | -ö
<!-- Sjv 1st-->
| rowspan=3 | -i
|-
! Art
<!-- Ind 1st -->
| -ii
<!-- Ind 2nd -->
| rowspan=3 | -e
<!-- Ind 3rd -->
| rowspan=3 | -ii
<!-- Opt 1st -->
| Rowspan=3 | -üü
<!-- Opt 2nd -->
| rowspan=3 | -e
<!-- Sjv 1st-->
| -üü
<!-- Sjv 2nd-->
| rowspan=3 | -öö
|-
! Non
<!-- Ind 1st -->
| -o
<!-- Ind 2nd -->
| rowspan=2 | -a
<!-- Opt 1st -->
| rowspan=2 | -aa
<!-- Sjv 1st-->
| rowspan=2 | -ö
|-
! Mag
<!-- Ind 1st -->
| -u  || -aa
<!-- Ind 2nd -->
| -ëë
<!-- Opt 3rd -->
| -aa
<!-- Sjv 1st-->
| -ëë
<!-- Sjv 2nd-->
| -ë
|}
:{|{{style|center}}
! colspan=2 |
! Perfective
! Prospective
! Retrospective
! Inceptive
! Continuative
! Pausative
! Terminative
! Genericative
|-
! rowspan=3 | Active
! Past
| -'''V<sub>1</sub>'''ssw <br> (<small>Aortis</small>)
| -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''v <br> (<small>Historal Causum</small>)
| rowspan=2 | -'''V<sub>1</sub>'''mjël<br>(<small>Consequentum</small>)
| -'''V<sub>3</sub>'''b <br> (<small>Past Initio</small>)
| Colspan=2 | -'''V<sub>1</sub>'''tsjm<br>(<small>Ingressus</small>)
| rowspan=2 | -'''V<sub>1</sub>'''kws <br>(<small>Finitum</small>)
| rowspan=3 | -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''lwm <br>(<small>Plerum</small>)
|-
! Present
| <big>—</big>
| rowspan=2 | -'''V<sub>1</sub>'''zw <br> (<small>Causum</small>)
| bgcolor=#e4c0cf |  -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''ll <br> (<small>Initio</small>)
| -'''V<sub>1</sub>''' <br> (<small>Present</small>)
| -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''s <br>(<small>Pausa</small>)
|-
! Future
| -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''ŋŋl <br> (<small>Futurum</small>)
| -'''V<sub>3</sub>'''tswf<br>(<small>Futurum Consequenta</small>)
| -'''V<sub>1</sub>'''sn<br>(<small>Futurum Initio</small>)
| bgcolor=#e4c0cf | -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''ll <br>(<small>Initio</small>)
| colspan=2 | '''V<sub>3</sub>'''tj <br>(<small>Futurum Termius</small>)
|- style="border-top:2px solid;"
! colspan=2 |
! Perfective
! Retrospective
! Prospective
! Inceptive
! Continuative
! Pausative
! Terminative
! Genericative
|-
! rowspan=3 | Anti-<br>Passive
! Past
| -'''V<sub>1</sub>'''zvj <br> (<small>Aortis</small>)
| -'''V<sub>1</sub>'''vv <br> (<small>Historal Causum</small>)
| rowspan=2 | -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''muf<br>(<small>Consequentum</small>)
| -'''V<sub>1</sub>'''tff <br> (<small>Past Initio</small>)
| Colspan=2 | -'''V<sub>1</sub>'''ffm<br>(<small>Ingressus</small>)
| rowspan=2 | -'''V<sub>3</sub>'''kwf <br>(<small>Finitum</small>)
| rowspan=3 |  -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''lm <br>(<small>Plerum</small>)
|-
! Present
| <big>—</big>
| rowspan=2 | -'''V<sub>3</sub>'''ssf <br> (<small>Causum</small>)
| bgcolor=#e4c0cf | -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''llf <br> (<small>Initio</small>)
| -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''ts <br> (<small>Present</small>)
| -'''V<sub>1</sub>'''f <br>(<small>Pausa</small>)
|-
! Future
| -'''V<sub>1</sub>'''fŋ <br> (<small>Futurum</small>)
| -'''V<sub>3</sub>'''tsfj<br>(<small>Futurum Consequenta</small>)
| -'''V<sub>1</sub>'''fn <br>(<small>Futurum Initio</small>)
| bgcolor=#e4c0cf | -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''llf <br>(<small>Initio</small>)
| colspan=2 |  -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''twf <br>(<small>Futurum Termius</small>)
|- style="border-top:2px solid;"
! colspan=2 |
! Perfective
! Retrospective
! Prospective
! Inceptive
! Continuative
! Pausative
! Terminative
! Genericative
|-
! rowspan=3 | Passive
! Past
| -'''V<sub>1</sub>'''ššw <br> (<small>Aortis</small>)
| -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''vž <br> (<small>Historal Causum</small>)
| rowspan=2 | -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''müš <br>(<small>Consequentum</small>)
| -'''V<sub>1</sub>'''tš <br> (<small>Past Initio</small>)
| Colspan=2 | -'''V<sub>3</sub>'''tšm <br>(<small>Ingressus</small>)
| rowspan=2 | -'''V<sub>3</sub>'''kwš <br>(<small>Finitum</small>)
| rowspan=3 | -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''leeš <br>(<small>Plerum</small>)
|-
! Present
| <big>—</big>
| rowspan=2 | -'''V<sub>3</sub>'''žž <br> (<small>Causum</small>)
| bgcolor=#e4c0cf | -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''šl <br> (<small>Initio</small>)
| -'''V<sub>1</sub>'''šš <br> (<small>Present</small>)
| -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''š <br>(<small>Pausa</small>)
|-
! Future
| -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''šŋ<br> (<small>Futurum</small>)
| -'''V<sub>3</sub>'''tšf  <br> (<small>Futurum Consequenta</small>)
| -'''V<sub>1</sub>'''šn  <br> (<small>Futurum Initio</small>)
| bgcolor=#e4c0cf | -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''šl <br> (<small>Initio</small>)
| colspan=2 | -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''džw <br>(<small>Futurum Termius</small>)
|- style="border-top:2px solid;"
! colspan=2 |
! Perfective
! Retrospective
! Prospective
! Inceptive
! Continuative
! Pausative
! Terminative
! Genericative
|-
! rowspan=3 | Circumstantial
! Past
| -'''V<sub>3</sub>'''ǧw <br> (<small>Aortis</small>)
| -'''V<sub>1</sub>''' vvn <br>(<small>Historal Causum</small>)
| rowspan=2 | -'''V<sub>1</sub>'''dwamj <br>(<small>Consequentum</small>)
| -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''tǧ <br> (<small>Past Initio</small>)
| Colspan=2 | -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''tff <br>(<small>Ingressus</small>)
| rowspan=2 | -'''V<sub>3</sub>'''tswëm <br>(<small>Finitum</small>)
| rowspan=3 | -'''V<sub>1</sub>'''ljë <br>(<small>Plerum</small>)
|-
! Present
| <big>—</big>
| rowspan=2 | -'''V<sub>1</sub>'''ssǧ <br> (<small>Causum</small>)
| bgcolor=#e4c0cf | -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''ǧl <br> (<small>Initio</small>)
| -'''V<sub>1</sub>'''m <br> (<small>Present</small>)
| -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''nn<br>(<small>Pausa</small>)
|-
! Future
| -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''ǧm <br> (<small>Futurum</small>)
| -'''V<sub>3</sub>'''tšǧ <br> (<small>Futurum Consequenta</small>)
| -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''šn <br> (<small>Futurum Initio</small>)
| bgcolor=#e4c0cf | -'''V<sub>2</sub>'''ǧl  <br> (<small>Initio</small>)
| colspan=2 | -'''V<sub>1</sub>'''džm <br>(<small>Futurum Termius</small>)
|}
<big>'''Mood'''</big>
The mood is conjugated on the polarity vowel and the consonant prior.
'''F''': Any Fricative
'''A''': Any Affricative
'''P''': Any plosive
'''N''': Any nasal
:{| {{style|center}}
!
! Indicative
! Optative
! Subjunctive
! Imperative
|-
! 1
| -'''F'''
| -'''F'''m
| -'''F'''mj
| -'''F'''p / '''F'''b
|-
! 2
| -'''A'''
| -'''A'''ll
| -'''A'''f / -'''A'''v
| -'''A'''p / '''A'''b
|-
! 3
| -'''P'''
| -'''P'''ff / -'''P'''vvj
| -'''P'''lw
| -'''PP'''<sup>L</sup>
|-
! 4
| -'''N'''
| -'''N'''lw
| -'''N'''ll
| -'''NN'''<sup>L</sup>
|-
! 5
| -l
| -lts
| -lǧw
| -lv
|}
<sup>L</sup>:These forms the sound is geminized.
===Participle===
===Participle===
===Gerund===
===Gerund===
Retrieved from "https://linguifex.com/wiki/Umbrean"