Modern Phrygian: Difference between revisions

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===Orthography===
===Orthography===
<!--
====Greek orthography====
====Latin orthography====
=====Alphabet=====
=====Alphabet=====
{|style="text-align:center"
{|style="text-align:center"
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! Letter !! Name !! IPA
! Letter !! Name !! IPA
|-
|-
| '''A a''' || a || [ä]
| '''Α α''' || άλφα || [ä]
|-
|-
| '''B b''' || be || [be̞]
| '''Β β''' || βέτα || [be̞]
|-
|-
| '''C c''' || ce || [t͡ʃe̞]
| '''Γ γ''' || γάμμα || [t͡ʃe̞]
|-
|-
| '''Ç ç''' || çe || [θe̞]
| '''Δ δ''' || δέλτα || [θe̞]
|-
|-
| '''D d''' || de || [d̪e̞]
| '''Ε ε''' || ε || [d̪e̞]
|-
|-
| '''E e''' || e || [e̞]
| '''Ζ ζ''' || ζέτα || [e̞]
|-
|-
| '''F f''' || efe || [ˈe̞fe̞]
| '''Ζ ζ''' || ζέτα || []
|-
|-
| '''G g''' || ge || [d͡ʒe̞]
| '''Η η''' || έτα || [ˈe̞fe̞]
|-
|-
| '''Gh gh''' || ghen || [ʕe̞n]
| '''Θ θ''' || θέτα || [d͡ʒe̞]
|-
|-
| '''H h''' || haca || [ˈhäkä]
| '''Ι ι''' || γιώτα || [ʕe̞n]
|}
|}
|
|
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! Letter !! Name !! IPA
! Letter !! Name !! IPA
|-
|-
| '''I i''' || i || [i]
| '''Κ κ''' || κάππα || [ˈhäkä]
|-
|-
| '''J j''' || jota || [ˈd͡ʒo̞t̪ä]
| '''Λ λ''' || λάμπδα || [i]
|-
|-
| '''K k''' || ka || []
| '''Μ μ''' || μου || [ˈd͡ʒo̞t̪ä]
|-
|-
| '''L l''' || ele || [ˈe̞le̞]
| '''Ν ν''' || νου || []
|-
|-
| '''Lh lh''' || elhe || [ˈe̞ʎe̞]
| '''Ξ ξ''' || ξι || [ˈe̞le̞]
|-
|-
| '''M m''' || eme || [ˈe̞me̞]
| '''Ξ ξ''' || ξι || [ˈe̞ʎe̞]
|-
|-
| '''N n''' || ene || [ˈe̞ne̞]
| '''Ο ο''' || ο || [ˈe̞me̞]
|-
|-
| '''Nh nh''' || enhe || [ˈe̞ɲe̞]
| '''Π π''' || πι || [ˈe̞ne̞]
|-
|-
| '''O o''' || o || []
| '''Ρ ρ''' || ρο || [ˈe̞ɲe̞]
|-
|-
| '''P p''' || pe || [pe̞]
| '''Σ σ ς''' || σίμα || []
|}
|}
|
|
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! Letter !! Name !! IPA
! Letter !! Name !! IPA
|-
|-
| '''Q q''' || cu || [ku]
| '''Σ σ ς''' || σίμα || [ku]
|-
| '''R r''' || erre || [ˈe̞re̞]
|-
|-
| '''S s''' || esse || [ˈe̞se̞]
| '''Τ τ''' || ταύ || [ˈe̞re̞]
|-
|-
| '''T t''' || te || [t̪e̞]
| '''Υ υ''' || ου || [ˈe̞se̞]
|-
|-
| '''U u''' || u || [u]
| '''Φ φ''' || φι || [t̪e̞]
|-
|-
| '''V v''' || ve || [ve̞]
| '''Χ χ''' || χι || [u]
|-
|-
| '''W w''' || we || [we̞]
| '''Ψ ψ''' || ψι || [ve̞]
|-
|-
| '''X x''' || exe || [ˈe̞ʃe̞]
| '''Ψ ψ''' || ψι || [we̞]
|-
|-
| '''Y y''' || ye || [je̞]
| '''Ω ω''' || ωμέκα || [ˈe̞ʃe̞]
|-
| '''Z z''' || zeta || [ˈðe̞t̪ä]
|}
|}
|}
|}
<!--
====Latin orthography====
=====Alphabet=====
-->
-->
=====Consonants=====
=====Consonants=====

Revision as of 08:26, 18 April 2022

Modern Phrygian (Native: βρουζ̌ικιά /vɾuʒiˈɟa/) is modern variety of the Phrygian language.

Modern Phrygian
τα βρουζ̌ικιά ξ̌ώσσα
Pronunciation[ta vɾuʒiˈɟ̊a ˈkʃosa]
Created byShariifka

Introduction

Etymology

Phonology

Orthography

Greek orthography

Alphabet
Letter Name IPA
Α α άλφα [ä]
Β β βέτα [be̞]
Γ γ γάμμα [t͡ʃe̞]
Δ δ δέλτα [θe̞]
Ε ε ε [d̪e̞]
Ζ ζ ζέτα [e̞]
Ζ ζ ζέτα [e̞]
Η η έτα [ˈe̞fe̞]
Θ θ θέτα [d͡ʒe̞]
Ι ι γιώτα [ʕe̞n]
Letter Name IPA
Κ κ κάππα [ˈhäkä]
Λ λ λάμπδα [i]
Μ μ μου [ˈd͡ʒo̞t̪ä]
Ν ν νου [kä]
Ξ ξ ξι [ˈe̞le̞]
Ξ ξ ξι [ˈe̞ʎe̞]
Ο ο ο [ˈe̞me̞]
Π π πι [ˈe̞ne̞]
Ρ ρ ρο [ˈe̞ɲe̞]
Σ σ ς σίμα [o̞]
Letter Name IPA
Σ σ ς σίμα [ku]
Τ τ ταύ [ˈe̞re̞]
Υ υ ου [ˈe̞se̞]
Φ φ φι [t̪e̞]
Χ χ χι [u]
Ψ ψ ψι [ve̞]
Ψ ψ ψι [we̞]
Ω ω ωμέκα [ˈe̞ʃe̞]
Consonants
Consonants
Letter Context IPA Examples Remarks
β everywhere [v]
γ before front vowels ([e] or [i]). [ʝ]
before velar consonants ([ɡ] or [x]) [ŋ] This occurs when the following consonant is ⟨ξ⟩, ⟨ξ̌⟩, or non-palatalized ⟨κ⟩ or ⟨χ⟩.
before palatal consonants ([ɟ] or [ç]) [ɲ] This occurs when the following consonant is palatalized ⟨κ⟩ or ⟨χ⟩.
everywhere else [ɣ]
γγ before front vowel [ɲ]
elsewhere [ŋ]
γι before vowels [ʝ]
γγι before vowels [ɲ]
δ everywhere [ð]
ει after a consonant and before a vowel [ʝ]
ζ everywhere [z]
ζ̌ everywhere [ʒ]
η after a consonant and before a vowel [ʝ]
θ everywhere [θ]
ι as a semivowel [ʝ] This occurs when ⟨ι⟩ is preceded by a consonant other than ⟨γ⟩, ⟨κ⟩, ⟨χ⟩, ⟨λ⟩, or ⟨ν⟩ and followed by a vowel.
κ after vowel or liquid and before front vowel ([e] or [i]). [ɟ̊]
after vowel or liquid otherwise [ɡ̊]
after nasal before front vowel [ɟ]
after nasal otherwise [ɡ]
everywhere else before front vowel [c]
otherwise [k]
κκ before front vowel [c]
otherwise [k]
κι after vowel or liquid and before a vowel [ɟ̊]
after nasal before a vowel [ɟ]
otherwise before a vowel [c]
κκι before a vowel [c]
κζ everywhere [ɡz]
κζ̌ everywhere [ɡʒ]
λ(λ) everywhere [l]
λ(λ)ι before a vowel [ʎ]
μ(μ) everywhere [m]
ν non-final [n]
final [-̃, ɰ̃] Nasalizes the preceding vowel.
νν everywhere [n]
ν(ν)ι before a vowel [ɲ]
ξ everywhere [ks]
ξ̌ everywhere [kʃ]
οι after a consonant and before a vowel [ʝ]
ου after a consonant or word-initial and before a vowel [w]
π after vowel or liquid [b̥]
after nasal [b]
otherwise [p]
ππ everywhere [p]
πζ everywhere [bz]
πζ̌ everywhere [bʒ]
ρ(ρ) [r ~ ɾ] In free variation.
σ(σ) [s]
τ after vowel or liquid [d̥]
after nasal [d]
otherwise [t]
ττ everywhere [t]
τσ everywhere [ts]
τσ̌ everywhere [tʃ]
τζ everywhere [dz]
τζ̌ everywhere [dʒ]
υ after a consonant and before a vowel [ʝ]
after ⟨α⟩ or ⟨ε⟩ and before a nasal consonant [m]
after ⟨α⟩ or ⟨ε⟩ and word-final or before a voiceless consonant [f]
after ⟨α⟩ or ⟨ε⟩ otherwise [v]
φ everywhere [t]
χ before front vowel [ç]
otherwise [x]
χι before vowel [ç]
ψ everywhere [ps]
ψ̌ everywhere [pʃ]
Vowels
Monophthong Vowels
Letter IPA Examples Remarks
α [a] Actually closer to [ä].
ε [e] Actually closer to [e̞].
αι
ι [i]
η
υ
ει
οι
υι
ο [o] Actually closer to [o̞].
ω
ου [u]

Consonants

Vowels

Prosody

Intonation

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Morphology

Syntax

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

Other resources

Notes