Fourth Linguifex Relay/Sceptrian: Difference between revisions

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<poem>
<poem>
''Léhkodé pai ko qhóqhøkos,
''Léhkodé pai ko qhóqhøkos,
''mjul' keeweshtsozh oil qotitlóo;
''mjula keew'shtsozh oil qotitlóo;
''daremu soi slopapu'os,
''darema soi slopapu'os,
''jak rajidhé mitupurpóo.
''jak rajidhé mitupurpóo.
''Pé,
''Péma saitush q'papa sekhe,
'' ,
''jevaa hifthilan gat'tishh'i,
'' ;
''moŕ ól dorahpipi qóphe;
'' .
''mutshos tslarmak jódish b'shøt'sji.
</poem>
</poem>
==Notes==
Sceptrian is a head-initial, ergative-absolutive language, i.e. the word order in clauses is mostly VAO and the head of the noun phrase is followed by adjectives and demostratives. However, poems use a more free word order, and apparently may omit vowels in various syllables. Both prepositions and postpositions are used, however. The cases of nouns are utilized in [[Sceptrian#Derivational_Morphology|derivational morphology]] so that at first glance many verbs seem to be only inflected nouns.


==Glossed==
==Glossed==
Line 23: Line 27:
#''léhkod-é pai qhó~qhøk-l tshel-o
#''léhkod-é pai qhó~qhøk-l tshel-o
#:<small>ADVZ\fast-VOC MIR SUBJ~\is_broken-3PL.GNO sand-LAT</small>
#:<small>ADVZ\fast-VOC MIR SUBJ~\is_broken-3PL.GNO sand-LAT</small>
*''léh-ko-d-é'' might be glossed as ADVZ\leg-LAT-VBZ.MVT\ADJZ-VOC, but the core was translated for simplicity
*[[Sceptrian#Particles|Verb particles]] don't always require verbs
*[[Sceptrian#Particles|verb particles]] don't always require verbs
*Sceptrian has several ways of indicating [[Sceptrian#Possessive|possessive forms]]
*Sceptrian has several ways of indicating [[Sceptrian#Possessive|possessive forms]]


#''mjul(a) keeweshtsozh oil qot&lt;i&gt;~t-l-óo  
#''mjula keew(e)shtsozh oil qot&lt;i&gt;~t-l-óo  
#:<small>life mosaic-PL.COM-POSS.3SG.INAL as rock~DIM-PL-LAT</small>
#:<small>life mosaic-PL.COM-POSS.3SG.INAL as rock~&lt;DIM&gt;-PL-LAT</small>
#''qhó~qhøk oil qot&lt;i&gt;~t-l-óo tshel-o
#''qhó~qhøk oil qot&lt;i&gt;~t-l-óo tshel-o
#:<small>SUBJ~\is_broken as rock~DIM-PL-LAT sand-LAT</small>
#:<small>SUBJ~\is_broken as rock~DIM-PL-LAT sand-LAT</small>
#''mjul(a) keeweshtsozh oil qot&lt;i&gt;~t-l-óo
#''mjul(a) keeweshtsozh oil qot&lt;i&gt;~t-l-óo
#:<small>life mosaic-PL.COM-POSS.3SG.INAL as rock~DIM-PL-LAT</small>
#:<small>life mosaic-PL.COM-POSS.3SG.INAL as rock~&lt;DIM&gt;-PL-LAT</small>
*See [[Sceptrian#Prepositions|prepositions]] for the effect of noun case.
*See [[Sceptrian#Prepositions|prepositions]] for the effect of noun case.
*Some derivations utilize both reduplication and infixing


''daremu soi slop&lt;a&gt;~p-u-os
''darema soi slop&lt;a&gt;~p-u-os
<small>Ruler on chair~AUG-LOC-POSS.3SG.ALIEN</small>
<small>Ruler.AUG on chair~&lt;AUG&gt;-LOC-POSS.3SG.ALIEN</small>


''jak rajidhé mitup-u-r-p-óo
''jak rajidh-é mitup-u-r-p-óo
<small>away (ADVZ\)sudden-VOC sea-LOC-VBZ.FREQ-NMZ-LAT</small>
<small>away sudden-VOC sea-LOC-VBZ.FREQ-NMZ-LAT</small>
*Occurrence of [[Sceptrian#Apophony|apophony]] has certain rules


''Pé=ma saitu-sh sek-l qópapa!?
''Pé=ma saitu-sh q(ó)papa sek-he
<small>2PL.VOC=FOC DEM.PROX.ANIM-PL come-GNO act-ABL </small>
<small>2PL.VOC=FOC DEM.PROX.ANIM-PL act-ABL come-GNO.2PL</small>
*On [[Sceptrian#Relative_clauses|relative clauses]] of Sceptrian
*[[Sceptrian#Relative_clauses|On relative clauses]] of Sceptrian
*Ablative case has a causal meaning as well


''
''jeva-a hifthila-n gat(o)ti-sh-h(e)i
<small></small>
<small>grace-ERG heaven-GEN accommodation-INS.VBZ-PST.PFV.2PL </small>
*Agent prefixes may be omitted
*Genitive forms don't agree with their heads


''
''moŕ ól dora-h-pi-pi qóp-he
<small></small>
<small>1PL-GEN like law-COM.VBZ-GER-ABL act-GNO.2PL</small>
*It is common for Sceptrian to [[Sceptrian#Derivational_Morphology|derive]] new nouns from verbs already derived from nouns


''
''mutsh-os tsla-r-mak-Ø jódi-sh b(a)shø-t(i)-s-ji
<small></small>
<small>neighbour-INS.COM INCEP.1PL-HORT-give-ANTIP charity-INS VOC\wealth-ADJZ.ABE-NMZ.AN-DAT </small>
*[[Sceptrian#Irrealis|Hortative]] in Sceptrian
*[[Sceptrian#Voice|Antipassive]] is formed by turning the ERG agent into ABS, removing the subject/object verb suffix and changing the subject/object case into instrumental
</poem>
</poem>


==Notes==
==Extra==


Sceptrian is a head-initial, ergative-absolutive language, i.e. the word order in clauses is VAO and the head of the noun phrase is followed by adjectives and demostratives. Both prepositions and postpositions are used, however. The cases of nouns are utilized in derivative morphology.
*''Léh-ko-d-é'' might be glossed as ADVZ\leg-LAT-VBZ.MVT\ADJZ-VOC, but the core was translated for simplicity

Revision as of 10:13, 9 July 2015

Óphi fatipap Lingwifekson Lushakha:

Léhkodé pai ko qhóqhøkos,
 mjula keew'shtsozh oil qotitlóo;
 darema soi slopapu'os,
 jak rajidhé mitupurpóo.
 Péma saitush q'papa sekhe,
 jevaa hifthilan gat'tishh'i,
 moŕ ól dorahpipi qóphe;
 mutshos tslarmak jódish b'shøt'sji.

Notes

Sceptrian is a head-initial, ergative-absolutive language, i.e. the word order in clauses is mostly VAO and the head of the noun phrase is followed by adjectives and demostratives. However, poems use a more free word order, and apparently may omit vowels in various syllables. Both prepositions and postpositions are used, however. The cases of nouns are utilized in derivational morphology so that at first glance many verbs seem to be only inflected nouns.

Glossed

  1. léhkod-é pai ko qhó~qhøk-os
    ADVZ\fast-VOC MIR DIST.SG SUBJ~\is_broken\-3SG.INCEP
  2. léhkod-é pai keewesht mjula-n
    ADVZ\fast-VOC MIR mosaic life-GEN
  3. léhkod-é pai qhó~qhøg-ho klo
    ADVZ\fast-VOC MIR SUBJ~\is_broken\-3PL.FUT PRO.3PL
  4. léhkod-é pai qhó~qhøk-l tshel-o
    ADVZ\fast-VOC MIR SUBJ~\is_broken-3PL.GNO sand-LAT


  1. mjula keew(e)shtsozh oil qot<i>~t-l-óo
    life mosaic-PL.COM-POSS.3SG.INAL as rock~<DIM>-PL-LAT
  2. qhó~qhøk oil qot<i>~t-l-óo tshel-o
    SUBJ~\is_broken as rock~DIM-PL-LAT sand-LAT
  3. mjul(a) keeweshtsozh oil qot<i>~t-l-óo
    life mosaic-PL.COM-POSS.3SG.INAL as rock~<DIM>-PL-LAT
  • See prepositions for the effect of noun case.
  • Some derivations utilize both reduplication and infixing


darema soi slop<a>~p-u-os
 Ruler.AUG on chair~<AUG>-LOC-POSS.3SG.ALIEN

jak rajidh-é mitup-u-r-p-óo
 away sudden-VOC sea-LOC-VBZ.FREQ-NMZ-LAT

  • Occurrence of apophony has certain rules


Pé=ma saitu-sh q(ó)papa sek-he
 2PL.VOC=FOC DEM.PROX.ANIM-PL act-ABL come-GNO.2PL


jeva-a hifthila-n gat(o)ti-sh-h(e)i
 grace-ERG heaven-GEN accommodation-INS.VBZ-PST.PFV.2PL

  • Agent prefixes may be omitted
  • Genitive forms don't agree with their heads


moŕ ól dora-h-pi-pi qóp-he
 1PL-GEN like law-COM.VBZ-GER-ABL act-GNO.2PL

  • It is common for Sceptrian to derive new nouns from verbs already derived from nouns


mutsh-os tsla-r-mak-Ø jódi-sh b(a)shø-t(i)-s-ji
neighbour-INS.COM INCEP.1PL-HORT-give-ANTIP charity-INS VOC\wealth-ADJZ.ABE-NMZ.AN-DAT

  • Hortative in Sceptrian
  • Antipassive is formed by turning the ERG agent into ABS, removing the subject/object verb suffix and changing the subject/object case into instrumental

Extra

  • Léh-ko-d-é might be glossed as ADVZ\leg-LAT-VBZ.MVT\ADJZ-VOC, but the core was translated for simplicity
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