単亜語/Bopomofo: Difference between revisions

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|-
|-
| <small>coda</small>
| <small>coda</small>
! ø || ㄧ || ㄨ || ㄆ || ㄊ || ㄎ || ㄇ || ㄋ ||
! ø || ㄧ || ㄨ || ㄆ || ㄊ || ㄎ || ㄇ || ㄋ ||
! ø || ㄧ || ㄨ || ㄆ || ㄊ || ㄎ || ㄇ || ㄋ ||
! ø || ㄧ || ㄨ || ㄆ || ㄊ || ㄎ || ㄇ || ㄋ ||
! ø || ㄧ || ㄨ || ㄆ || ㄊ || ㄎ || ㄇ || ㄋ ||
! ø || ㄧ || ㄨ || ㄆ || ㄊ || ㄎ || ㄇ || ㄋ ||
! ø || ㄧ || ㄨ || ㄆ || ㄊ || ㄎ || ㄇ || ㄋ ||
! ø || ㄧ || ㄨ || ㄆ || ㄊ || ㄎ || ㄇ || ㄋ ||
! rowspan="13" | ㄚ
! rowspan="13" | ㄚ
|-
|-
! rowspan="4" style="vertical-align:middle" | ㄚ
! rowspan="4" style="vertical-align:middle" | ㄚ
| {{C|ㄅㄚ}}  || {{C|ㄅㄚㄟ}} || {{C|ㄅㄚㄜ}}
| {{C|ㄅㄚ}}  || {{C|ㄅㄚㄧ}} || {{C|ㄅㄚㄨ}}
| {{C|ㄅㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄅㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄅㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄅㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄅㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄅㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄅㄚㆬ}} || {{C|ㄅㄚㄣ}} || {{C|ㄅㄚㄫ}}
| {{C|ㄅㄚㄇ}} || {{C|ㄅㄚㄋ}} || {{C|ㄅㄚㄥ}}


| {{C|ㄉㄚ}} || {{C|ㄉㄚㄟ}} || {{C|ㄉㄚㄜ}}
| {{C|ㄉㄚ}} || {{C|ㄉㄚㄧ}} || {{C|ㄉㄚㄨ}}
| {{C|ㄉㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄉㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄉㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄉㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄉㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄉㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄉㄚㆬ}} || {{C|ㄉㄚㄣ}} || {{C|ㄉㄚㄫ}}
| {{C|ㄉㄚㄇ}} || {{C|ㄉㄚㄋ}} || {{C|ㄉㄚㄥ}}


| {{C|ㄐㄚ}} || {{C|ㄐㄞ}} || {{C|ㄐㄠ}}
| {{C|ㄐㄚ}} || {{C|ㄐㄚㄧ}} || {{C|ㄐㄚㄨ}}
| {{C|ㄐㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄐㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄐㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄐㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄐㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄐㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄐㄚㆬ}} || {{C|ㄐㄚㄣ}} || {{C|ㄐㄤ}}
| {{C|ㄐㄚㄇ}} || {{C|ㄐㄚㄋ}} || {{C|ㄐㄚㄥ}}


| {{C|ㄍㄚ}} || {{C|ㄍㄞ}} || {{C|ㄍㄠ}}
| {{C|ㄍㄚ}} || {{C|ㄍㄚㄧ}} || {{C|ㄍㄚㄨ}}
| {{C|ㄍㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄍㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄍㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄍㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄍㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄍㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄍㄚㆬ}} || {{C|ㄍㄚㄣ}} || {{C|ㄍㄤ}}
| {{C|ㄍㄚㄇ}} || {{C|ㄍㄚㄋ}} || {{C|ㄍㄥ}}
|-
|-
| {{C|ㄆㄚ}} || {{C|ㄆㄞ}} || {{C|ㄆㄠ}}
| {{C|ㄆㄚ}} || {{C|ㄆㄚㄧ}} || {{C|ㄆㄚㄨ}}
| {{C|ㄆㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄆㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄆㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄆㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄆㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄆㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄆㄚㆬ}} || {{C|ㄆㄚㄣ}} || {{C|ㄆㄤ}}
| {{C|ㄆㄚㄇ}} || {{C|ㄆㄚㄋ}} || {{C|ㄆㄥ}}


| {{C|ㄊㄚ}} || {{C|ㄊㄞ}} || {{C|ㄊㄠ}}
| {{C|ㄊㄚ}} || {{C|ㄊㄚㄧ}} || {{C|ㄊㄚㄨ}}
| {{C|ㄊㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄊㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄊㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄊㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄊㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄊㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄊㄚㆬ}} || {{C|ㄊㄚㄣ}} || {{C|ㄊㄤ}}
| {{C|ㄊㄚㄇ}} || {{C|ㄊㄚㄋ}} || {{C|ㄊㄥ}}


| {{C|ㄑㄚ}} || {{C|ㄑㄞ}} || {{C|ㄑㄠ}}
| {{C|ㄑㄚ}} || {{C|ㄑㄚㄧ}} || {{C|ㄑㄚㄨ}}
| {{C|ㄑㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄑㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄑㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄑㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄑㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄑㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄑㄚㆬ}} || {{C|ㄑㄚㄣ}} || {{C|ㄑㄤ}}
| {{C|ㄑㄚㄇ}} || {{C|ㄑㄚㄋ}} || {{C|ㄑㄚㄥ}}


| {{C|ㄎㄚ}} || {{C|ㄎㄞ}} || {{C|ㄎㄠ}}
| {{C|ㄎㄚ}} || {{C|ㄎㄚㄧ}} || {{C|ㄎㄚㄨ}}
| {{C|ㄎㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄎㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄎㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄎㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄎㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄎㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄎㄚㆬ}} || {{C|ㄎㄚㄣ}} || {{C|ㄎㄤ}}
| {{C|ㄎㄚㄇ}} || {{C|ㄎㄚㄋ}} || {{C|ㄎㄚㄥ}}
|-
|-
| {{C|ㄇㄚ}} || {{C|ㄇㄞ}} || {{C|ㄇㄠ}}
| {{C|ㄇㄚ}} || {{C|ㄇㄚㄧ}} || {{C|ㄇㄚㄨ}}
| {{C|ㄇㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄇㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄇㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄇㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄇㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄇㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄇㄚㆬ}} || {{C|ㄇㄚㄣ}} || {{C|ㄇㄤ}}
| {{C|ㄇㄚㄇ}} || {{C|ㄇㄚㄋ}} || {{C|ㄇㄚㄥ}}


| {{C|ㄋㄚ}} || {{C|ㄋㄞ}} || {{C|ㄋㄠ}}
| {{C|ㄋㄚ}} || {{C|ㄋㄚㄧ}} || {{C|ㄋㄚㄨ}}
| {{C|ㄋㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄋㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄋㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄋㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄋㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄋㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄋㄚㆬ}} || {{C|ㄋㄚㄣ}} || {{C|ㄋㄤ}}
| {{C|ㄋㄚㄇ}} || {{C|ㄋㄚㄋ}} || {{C|ㄋㄚㄥ}}


| colspan="9" style="background: black;" |
| colspan="9" style="background: black;" |


| {{C|ㄚ}} || {{C|}} || {{C|ㄠ}}
| {{C|ㄚ}} || {{C|ㄚㄧ}} || {{C|ㄠ}}
| {{C|ㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄚㆬ}} || {{C|ㄚㄣ}} || {{C|ㄤ}}
| {{C|ㄚㆬ}} || {{C|ㄚㄣ}} || {{C|ㄤ}}
Line 117: Line 117:
| colspan="9" style="background:black;" |
| colspan="9" style="background:black;" |


| {{C|ㄌㄚ}} || {{C|ㄌㄞ}} || {{C|ㄌㄠ}}
| {{C|ㄌㄚ}} || {{C|ㄌㄚㄧ}} || {{C|ㄌㄚㄨ}}
| {{C|ㄌㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄌㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄌㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄌㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄌㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄌㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄌㄚㆬ}} || {{C|ㄌㄚㄣ}} || {{C|ㄌㄤ}}
| {{C|ㄌㄚㆬ}} || {{C|ㄌㄚㄣ}} || {{C|ㄌㄤ}}


| {{C|ㄙㄚ}} || {{C|ㄙㄞ}} || {{C|ㄙㄠ}}
| {{C|ㄙㄚ}} || {{C|ㄙㄚㄧ}} || {{C|ㄙㄚㄨ}}
| {{C|ㄙㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄙㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄙㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄙㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄙㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄙㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄙㄚㆬ}} || {{C|ㄙㄚㄣ}} || {{C|ㄙㄤ}}
| {{C|ㄙㄚㆬ}} || {{C|ㄙㄚㄣ}} || {{C|ㄙㄤ}}


| {{C|ㄏㄚ}} || {{C|ㄏㄞ}} || {{C|ㄏㄠ}}
| {{C|ㄏㄚ}} || {{C|ㄏㄚㄧ}} || {{C|ㄏㄚㄨ}}
| {{C|ㄏㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄏㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄏㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄏㄚㄆ}} || {{C|ㄏㄚㄊ}} || {{C|ㄏㄚㄎ}}
| {{C|ㄏㄚㆬ}} || {{C|ㄏㄚㄣ}} || {{C|ㄏㄤ}}
| {{C|ㄏㄚㆬ}} || {{C|ㄏㄚㄣ}} || {{C|ㄏㄤ}}

Revision as of 22:29, 17 September 2024

First come initials. Each four rows are 1) voiced stop 2) aspirated stop 3) nasal 4) liquid

ø
ㄙ*

*ㄙ changes to ㄒ before y, w, and i. ㄅㄉ ㄆㄊ ㄇㄋ ㄈㄌ

  • Foreign words only: ㄈ=f, ㄪ=v ㄫ=ŋ, ㄖ=r, and ㄦ=rr.
  • Never used: ㄓ, ㄔ, ㄕ, ㄩ, ㄗ, and ㄘ.

Then come "finals". Some of these are "creative" bopomofo. Apologies.

ø -i -u -p -t -k -m -n
a ㄚㄧ ㄚㄨ ㄚㄆ ㄚㄊ ㄚㄎ ㄚㄇ ㄚㄋ ㄚㄥ
e ㄝㄧ No ㄝㄆ ㄝㄊ ㄝㄎ ㄝㄇ ㄝㄋ ㄝㄥ
u ㄨㄧ ㄨㄩ ㄨㄆ ㄨㄊ ㄨㄎ ㄨㄇ ㄨㄋ ㄨㄥ
i ㄧㄩ No ㄧㄆ ㄧㄊ ㄧㄎ ㄧㄇ ㄧㄋ ㄧㄥ
o ㄛㄧ ㄛㄨ ㄛㄆ ㄛㄊ ㄛㄎ ㄛㄇ ㄛㄋ ㄛㄥ

and the epenthetic syllables with ㄩ

  • w on-glide may not have a w off-glide, except ㄨㄚㄨ
  • w on-glide may not go with an initial 両唇音 (ㄅ, ㄆ, or ㄇ)
  • No E-vowel may have a w off-glide
  • y on-glide may not have a y off-glide, except for 軟口蓋音 (ㄍ, ㄎ, ø, ㄏ) + a/e and ㄒㄧㄩ
  • ㄅ and ㄆ may not have a y or w on-glide, except for the ㄉㄨㄚ-series
  • ㄐ and ㄑ may not have a y or w on-glide, except for the ㄐㄨㄚ and ㄐㄨㄝ-series
  • ㄋ and ㄌ may not have a w on-glide


Many, many examples with final -p,-t,-k,-n,-m,-ng do not exist, but are not technically forbidden, and are indicated with light grey. On the following table, black indicates a natural gap, whereas dark grey indicates a forbidden gap. There is are two syllables that doesn't fit on this chart: ㄨㄧㄥ and ㄨㄧㄎ (one could imagine ㄨㄧㄩ, ㄨㄧㄊ, ㄨㄧㄆ, and ㄨㄧㄋ; but they do not occur).

両唇音 歯茎音 硬口蓋音 軟口蓋音
coda ø ø ø ø
ㄅㄚ ㄅㄚㄧ ㄅㄚㄨ ㄅㄚㄆ ㄅㄚㄊ ㄅㄚㄎ ㄅㄚㄇ ㄅㄚㄋ ㄅㄚㄥ ㄉㄚ ㄉㄚㄧ ㄉㄚㄨ ㄉㄚㄆ ㄉㄚㄊ ㄉㄚㄎ ㄉㄚㄇ ㄉㄚㄋ ㄉㄚㄥ ㄐㄚ ㄐㄚㄧ ㄐㄚㄨ ㄐㄚㄆ ㄐㄚㄊ ㄐㄚㄎ ㄐㄚㄇ ㄐㄚㄋ ㄐㄚㄥ ㄍㄚ ㄍㄚㄧ ㄍㄚㄨ ㄍㄚㄆ ㄍㄚㄊ ㄍㄚㄎ ㄍㄚㄇ ㄍㄚㄋ ㄍㄥ
ㄆㄚ ㄆㄚㄧ ㄆㄚㄨ ㄆㄚㄆ ㄆㄚㄊ ㄆㄚㄎ ㄆㄚㄇ ㄆㄚㄋ ㄆㄥ ㄊㄚ ㄊㄚㄧ ㄊㄚㄨ ㄊㄚㄆ ㄊㄚㄊ ㄊㄚㄎ ㄊㄚㄇ ㄊㄚㄋ ㄊㄥ ㄑㄚ ㄑㄚㄧ ㄑㄚㄨ ㄑㄚㄆ ㄑㄚㄊ ㄑㄚㄎ ㄑㄚㄇ ㄑㄚㄋ ㄑㄚㄥ ㄎㄚ ㄎㄚㄧ ㄎㄚㄨ ㄎㄚㄆ ㄎㄚㄊ ㄎㄚㄎ ㄎㄚㄇ ㄎㄚㄋ ㄎㄚㄥ
ㄇㄚ ㄇㄚㄧ ㄇㄚㄨ ㄇㄚㄆ ㄇㄚㄊ ㄇㄚㄎ ㄇㄚㄇ ㄇㄚㄋ ㄇㄚㄥ ㄋㄚ ㄋㄚㄧ ㄋㄚㄨ ㄋㄚㄆ ㄋㄚㄊ ㄋㄚㄎ ㄋㄚㄇ ㄋㄚㄋ ㄋㄚㄥ ㄚㄧ ㄚㄆ ㄚㄊ ㄚㄎ ㄚㆬ ㄚㄣ
ㄌㄚ ㄌㄚㄧ ㄌㄚㄨ ㄌㄚㄆ ㄌㄚㄊ ㄌㄚㄎ ㄌㄚㆬ ㄌㄚㄣ ㄌㄤ ㄙㄚ ㄙㄚㄧ ㄙㄚㄨ ㄙㄚㄆ ㄙㄚㄊ ㄙㄚㄎ ㄙㄚㆬ ㄙㄚㄣ ㄙㄤ ㄏㄚ ㄏㄚㄧ ㄏㄚㄨ ㄏㄚㄆ ㄏㄚㄊ ㄏㄚㄎ ㄏㄚㆬ ㄏㄚㄣ ㄏㄤ
ㄧㄚ ㄅㄧㄚ ㄅㄧㄠ ㄅㄧㄚㄆ ㄅㄧㄚㄊ ㄅㄧㄚㄎ ㄅㄧㄚㆬ ㄅㄧㄚㄣ ㄅㄧㄤ ㄍㄧㄚ ㄍㄧㄞ ㄍㄧㄠ ㄍㄧㄚㄆ ㄍㄧㄚㄊ ㄍㄧㄚㄎ ㄍㄧㄚㆬ ㄍㄧㄚㄣ ㄍㄧㄤ
ㄆㄧㄚ ㄆㄧㄠ ㄆㄧㄚㄆ ㄆㄧㄚㄊ ㄆㄧㄚㄎ ㄆㄧㄚㆬ ㄆㄧㄚㄣ ㄆㄧㄤ ㄎㄧㄚ ㄎㄧㄞ ㄎㄧㄠ ㄎㄧㄚㄆ ㄎㄧㄚㄊ ㄎㄧㄚㄎ ㄎㄧㄚㆬ ㄎㄧㄚㄣ ㄎㄧㄤ
ㄇㄧㄚ ㄇㄧㄠ
ㄨㄚ
両唇音 歯茎音 硬口蓋音 軟口蓋音
coda ø ø ø ø
ㄅㄝ ㄅㄝㄟ ㄅㄝㄆ ㄅㄝㄊ ㄅㄝㄎ ㄅㄝ⼶ ㄅㄝㄣ ㄅㄝㄥ
먿
ㄧㄝ
ㄨㄝ
퀀
両唇音 歯茎音 硬口蓋音 軟口蓋音
coda ø ø ø ø
ㄅㄨ ㄅㄨㄧ ㄅㄨㄜ ㄅㄨㄆ ㄅㄨㄊ ㄅㄨㄎ ㄅㄨ ㄅㄨ ㄅㄨ 굿
ㄧㄨ  
퓨 
뮤 
両唇音 歯茎音 硬口蓋音 軟口蓋音
coda ø ø ø ø
ㄅㄧ ㄅㄧㄭ ㄅㄧㄆ ㄅㄧㄊ ㄅㄧㄎ ㄅㆬ ㄅㄯ ㄅㆭ
믿
両唇音 歯茎音 硬口蓋音 軟口蓋音
coda ø ø ø ø
ㄅㄛ ㄅ⼄ ㄅㄡ ㄅㄛㄆ ㄅㄛㄊ ㄅㄛㄎ ㄅㆱ ㄅ⺔ ㄅㆲ ㄉㄛ ㄉ⼄ ㄉㄡ ㄉㄛㄆ ㄉㄛㄊ ㄉㄛㄎ ㄉㆱ ㄉ⺔ ㄉㆲ
ㄧㄛ


 
 
ø ø ø ø

In addition, there are all the "filler" vowel-syllables, which can only occur with an onset: ㄅㄩ, ㄉㄩ, ㄐㄩ, ㄍㄩ, ㄆㄩ, ㄊㄩ, ㄑㄩ, ㄎㄩ, ㄇㄩ, ㄋㄩ, ㄩ, ㄌㄩ, ㄙㄩ, and ㄏㄩ.