Linguifex

Adamic Code: Difference between revisions

← Older editNewer edit →
VisualWikitext
Veno (talk | contribs)
2,719 edits
Veno (talk | contribs)
2,719 edits
Line 2,909: Line 2,909:
====Relative Clauses====
====Relative Clauses====


[[w:Relative clause|Relative clauses]] modify their subjects/objects through means above the clausal level (i.e. they consist of sentences that specify a noun). Clitics and heretoclitic pronouns are responsible for this feature, be they proper to denote gender such ''sa'' or case such as ''masu''; with the latter being a mere variant of the former when no noun is applied (e.g. ''murus su saíkat iru'' "the philosopher who is dead" and ''muras masu'' "who is dead").
[[w:Relative clause|Relative clauses]] modify their subjects/objects through means above the clausal level (i.e. they consist of sentences that specify a noun). Clitics and heretoclitic pronouns are responsible for this feature, be they proper to denote gender such ''sa'' or case such as ''masu''; with the latter being a mere variant of the former when no noun is applied (e.g. ''murus su, saíkat iru'' "the philosopher who is dead" and ''muras masu'' "who is dead").


=====Non-Restrictive Clauses=====  
=====Non-Restrictive Clauses=====  
Line 2,936: Line 2,936:
|top= אול ר ס כען ר מער
|top= אול ר ס כען ר מער
|אול ר ס כען ר מער
|אול ר ס כען ר מער
|avl r s kjn r mjr
|’vl r s kfn r mfr
|’ûl iru su kûn ira āmurá
|’ûl iru su kûn ira āmurá
|{{gcl|ERG}} book>inanimate>human {{gcl|NOMIC}}.{{gcl|ACC}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}} book.{{gcl|ACT}}.{{gcl|PART}}.{{gcl|IMP}}.{{gcl|1}}.{{gcl|SG}} {{gcl|1}}.{{gcl|ACC}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}} food.{{gcl|CAU}}.{{gcl|IMP}}.{{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|SG}}><small>DEGREE</small>
|person>animate>human {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|NOM}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}} {{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|SG}} dog>animate>inhuman {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|ACC}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}} death.{{gcl|ACT}}.{{gcl|PERF}}.{{gcl|IND}}.{{gcl|SG}}  
|"the man, who killd the dog" (<small>ACCUSATIVE RELATION</small>)
|"the man, who killd the dog" (<small>ACCUSATIVE RELATION</small>)
}}
}}


{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(4)
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(4)
|top= גפל נר גפל סן ץ קסלננ
|top= אול ר ס ר כען מער
|גפל נר גפל סן ץ קסלננ
|אול ר ס ר כען מער
|gfl nr gfl sn c qslnn
|’vl r s r kfn mfr
|’ûl iru su ira kûn māfár
|’ûl iru su ira kûn māfár
|food>generic our.{{gcl|ACC}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}} food.{{gcl|ACT}}.{{gcl|PART}}.{{gcl|IMP}}.{{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|PLU}} {{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|PLU}}.{{gcl|CONS}} {{gcl|ACC}} see.{{gcl|ACT}}.{{gcl|PART}}.{{gcl|IMP}}.{{gcl|1}}.{{gcl|PLU}}-{{gcl|1}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|PLU}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|person>animate>human {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|NOM}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}} {{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|SG}} {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|OBL}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}} dog>animate>inhuman death.{{gcl|PASS}}.{{gcl|PERF}}.{{gcl|IND}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|IMP}}.{{gcl|1}}.{{gcl|PLU}}-{{gcl|1}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|PLU}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|"the man, who was killed by the dog" (<small>ERGATIVE RELATION</small>)
|"the man, who was killed by the dog" (<small>ERGATIVE RELATION</small>)
}}
}}
""


{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(5)
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(5)
|top= ץ ס פכסן כּאפּס
|אול ר ס כען ר פאכ
|ץ ס פכסן כּאפּס
|אול ר ס כען ר פאכ
|c s p’ksn k’ps
|’vl r s kfn r p’k
|’ûl iru su kûniri pâxak
|’ûl iru su kûn iri pâ’ak
|{{gcl|GEN}} {{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|ACC}} take.{{gcl|ACT}}.{{gcl|IMP}}.{{gcl|SJV}}.{{gcl|PLU}}-{{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|PLU}}.{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|CONS}} destroy.{{gcl|PAS}}.{{gcl|IMP}}.{{gcl|IND}}.{{gcl|SG}}-{{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|person>animate>human {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|NOM}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}} {{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|SG}} dog>animate>inhuman {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|DAT}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}} take.{{gcl|PART}}.{{gcl|PASS}}.{{gcl|PERF}}.{{gcl|IND}}.{{gcl|SG}}  
|"the man, taken to the dog" (<small>DATIVE RELATION</small>)
|"the man, taken to the dog" (<small>DATIVE RELATION</small>)
}}
}}


{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(6)
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(6)
|top= ס מאלסן ץ מאלס
|top= אול ר ס ר כען פאכ
|ס מאלסן ץ מאלס
|אול ר ס ר כען פאכ
|s m’lsn c m’ls
|’vl r s r kfn p’k
|’ûl iru su iri kûn pâxak
|’ûl iru su iri kûn pâ’ak
|{{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|ACC}} love.{{gcl|ACT}}.{{gcl|IMP}}.{{gcl|JUS}}.{{gcl|PLU}}-{{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|PLU}}.{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|CONS}} {{gcl|DAT}} love.{{gcl|ACT}}.{{gcl|IMP}}.{{gcl|IND}}.{{gcl|SG}}-{{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|person>animate>human {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|NOM}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}} {{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|SG}} {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|GEN}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}} dog>animate>inhuman take.{{gcl|PART}}.{{gcl|PASS}}.{{gcl|PERF}}.{{gcl|IND}}.{{gcl|SG}}  
|"the man, taken from the dog" (<small>GENITIVE RELATION</small>)
|"the man, taken from the dog" (<small>GENITIVE RELATION</small>)
}}
}}
Line 2,980: Line 2,974:
[[w:Relative clause#Restrictive and non-restrictive|Restrictive]] relations force left-bound order, where the verb precedes the object, and the (hetero)clitic pronoun is situated before the (pro)noun it relativizes (e.g. ''babál nā sa bîbliru'' "the book which is being read by me").  
[[w:Relative clause#Restrictive and non-restrictive|Restrictive]] relations force left-bound order, where the verb precedes the object, and the (hetero)clitic pronoun is situated before the (pro)noun it relativizes (e.g. ''babál nā sa bîbliru'' "the book which is being read by me").  


Restrictive relations force left-bound inversion, where the verb precedes the object.''babál, sa bîbliru'' "the book which is being read'
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(1)
|top= ּאול ר ס כען ר מער
|אול ר ס כען ר מער
|’vl r s kfn r mfr
|āmfár kûn iru su ’ûl iru
|death.{{gcl|EXP}}.{{gcl|PERF}}.{{gcl|IND}}.{{gcl|SG}} dog>animate>inhuman {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|NOM}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}} {{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|SG}} person>animate>human {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|NOM}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}}
|"the man whose dog died" (<small>NOMINATIVE RELATION</small>)
}}
 
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(2)
|top= אול ר ס ר כען מער
|אול ר ס ר כען מער
|’vl r s r kfn mf
|āmfár iru kûn su ’ûl iru
|death.{{gcl|EXP}}.{{gcl|PERF}}.{{gcl|IND}}.{{gcl|SG}} {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|OBL}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}} dog>animate>inhuman {{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|SG}} person>animate>human {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|NOM}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}}
|"the man who is the dog died" (<small>OBLIQUE RELATION</small>)
}}
 
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(3)
|top= אול ר ס כען ר מער
|אול ר ס כען ר מער
|’vl r s kfn r mfr
|āmurá kûn ira su ’ûl iru
|death.{{gcl|ACT}}.{{gcl|PERF}}.{{gcl|IND}}.{{gcl|SG}} dog>animate>inhuman {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|ACC}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}} {{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|SG}} person>animate>human {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|NOM}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}}
|"the man who killd the dog" (<small>ACCUSATIVE RELATION</small>)
}}
 
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(4)
|top= אול ר ס ר כען מער
|אול ר ס ר כען מער
|’vl r s r kfn mfr
|’ûl iru su ira kûn māfár
|person>animate>human {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|NOM}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}} {{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|SG}} {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|OBL}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}} dog>animate>inhuman death.{{gcl|PASS}}.{{gcl|PERF}}.{{gcl|IND}}.{{gcl|SG}}.{{gcl|IMP}}.{{gcl|1}}.{{gcl|PLU}}-{{gcl|1}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|PLU}}.{{gcl|CONS}}
|"the man who was killed by the dog" (<small>ERGATIVE RELATION</small>)
}}
 
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(5)
|אול ר ס כען ר פאכ
|אול ר ס כען ר פאכ
|’vl r s kfn r p’k
|’ûl iru su kûn iri pâ’ak
|person>animate>human {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|NOM}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}} {{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|SG}} dog>animate>inhuman {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|DAT}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}} take.{{gcl|PART}}.{{gcl|PASS}}.{{gcl|PERF}}.{{gcl|IND}}.{{gcl|SG}}
|"the man taken to the dog" (<small>DATIVE RELATION</small>)
}}
 
{{interlinear|lang=fi|number=(6)
|top= אול ר ס ר כען פאכ
|אול ר ס ר כען פאכ
|’vl r s r kfn p’k
|’ûl iru su iri kûn pâ’ak
|person>animate>human {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|NOM}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}} {{gcl|3}}.{{gcl|MASC}}.{{gcl|SG}} {{gcl|DEF}}.{{gcl|GEN}}.{{gcl|MASC}}/{{gcl|NEUT}}.{{gcl|SG}} dog>animate>inhuman take.{{gcl|PART}}.{{gcl|PASS}}.{{gcl|PERF}}.{{gcl|IND}}.{{gcl|SG}}
|"the man taken from the dog" (<small>GENITIVE RELATION</small>)
}}




Retrieved from "https://linguifex.com/wiki/Adamic_Code"