Solerian: Difference between revisions

From Linguifex
Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
Line 516: Line 516:
** Although it is not required, '''sex''' can be specified by adding to the noun the suffix ''-œ'' for masculine, and ''-æ'' for femenine nouns.
** Although it is not required, '''sex''' can be specified by adding to the noun the suffix ''-œ'' for masculine, and ''-æ'' for femenine nouns.


===Personal Pronouns===
===Personal pronouns===


{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
Line 568: Line 568:
| -
| -
|-
|-
|}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Dual personal pronouns'''
|-
!rowspan="1"|
!rowspan="1"|Abstract
!rowspan="1"|Inanimate
!rowspan="1"|Animate
|-
!First person
| -
| -
| Alele
|-
!Second person
| -
| -
| Balele
|-
!Third person
| Calolo
| Calili
| Calele
|}
|}


Revision as of 16:06, 18 March 2013


Solerian
Sol·eя
Pronunciation[/sol.eɹ/]
Created byNewrhotic
Native speakersNone (2013)
Sourcesa priori
Language codes
ISO 639-3-
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Sol·eя, /solˈeɹ/, (romanized as Soler) or Solerian is a highly alveolarized language, with a moderately large consonant inventory, and 15 grammatical cases. It is spoken by no one as it is still under construction and, for the same reasons, it has no native speakers. Its origin traces back to January 2013 and it still has a long way to go. Its bigger peculiarity might be the presence of speech function markers (statement/question/command/offer/irony) realized by click consonants.

Overview

Gender Cases Numbers Tenses Persons Moods Voices Aspects
Verb No No No Yes No No Yes Yes
Nouns Yes No Yes No No No No No
Adjectives No No No No No No No No
Numbers No No No No No No No No
Participles No No No No No No No No
Adverb No No No No No No No No
Pronouns Yes No Yes No Yes No No No
Adpositions No No No No No No No No
Article Yes No No No Yes No No No
Particle No Yes No No No Yes No No


Phonology

Consonants and Semi-vowels

Bilabial Labio-dental Dental Alveolar Post-alveolar Palatal Velar Uvular Glottal Labio-velar Lateral
Nasal m n ɲ
Plosive p · b t · d tʃ k · g ʔ
Fricative f · v θ s ʃ ʝ χ h
Approximant ɹ j w
Trill r ʀ
Flap or tap ɾ
Lateral app. l
Clicks ʘ ǀ ǃ ǂ ǁ

Phonetic notes

The phonemes /b/, /d/, and /ɡ/ are realized as approximants (namely [β̞, ð̞, ɣ̞], hereafter represented without the undertack) or fricatives in all places except after a pause, after a nasal consonant, or —in the case of /d/— after a lateral consonant; in such contexts they are realized as voiced stops.

The phoneme /n/ is realized as a voiced velar nasal [ŋ] before velar /k/, /g/ or uvular /χ/, /ʀ/.

Vowels

Short vowels

Front Central Back
Close i u
Mid e̞ o̞
Open-mid ɛ ə
Open ä

Dipthongs

Falling
[äj] €€ '€' [äw] €€ '€'
[e̞j] €€ '€' [e̞w] €€ '€'
[o̞j] €€ '€' [o̞w] € '€'
[uj] €€ '€'
Rising
[jä] €€ '€' [wä] €€ '€'
[je̞] €€ '€' [we̞] €€ '€'
[wi] €€ '€'
[jo̞] €€ '€' [wo̞] €€ '€'
[ju] €€ '€'

Hiatus

€€€€€€€€€€€€€

Phonotactics

€€€€€€€€€€€€

Orthography

Grapheme Name Pronunciation Further information
A, a A [ä] -
Æ, æ Æß [ɛ] Only used in femenine gendered nouns
B, b Bej [b] -
C, c Cej [tʃ]
D, d Dej [d] -
E, e E [e̞] -
F, f Fej [f] -
G, g Gej [g] -
H, h Hej [h] -
I, i I [i] -
J, j Jaw [j] Semi-vowel
K, k Kaw [k] -
L, l Lej [l] -
M, m Mej [m] -
N, n Naw [n] -
И, и Иaw [n] -
O, o O [o̞] -
Œ, œ Œß [ə] Only used in masculine gendered nouns
P, p Paw [p] -
R, r Riaw [r] Trilled
Ꝛ, r Eꝛaw [ɾ] Flapped/Tapped
Я, я Яaw [ɹ] Rhotic
Ʀ, ʀ Ʀaw [ʀ] Uvular
S, s Sej [s] -
ẞ, ß ẞaw [∫] -
T, t Taw [t] -
U, u U [u] -
V, v Vej [v] -
W, w Wej [w] Semi-vowel
X, x Xej [χ] -
Y, y Yej [ʝ] -
Z, z Zej [θ] -
※ Pan [ʘ] Statement marker (emphatic)
? Klon [!] Question marker
! Ten [ǀ] Command marker
§ Cen [ǁ] Suggestion marker
⸮ Ken [ǂ] Irony marker


Grammar

Gender and number

Nouns in Solerian can be abstract, inanimate, or animate.

  • Abstract gender englobes ideas, actions or abstractions: race, jump, freedom.
  • Inanimate gender refers to tangible non-living beings: stone, sun, window.
  • Animate gender unites living beings: bird, person, doctor.
    • Although it is not required, sex can be specified by adding to the noun the suffix -œ for masculine, and -æ for femenine nouns.

Personal pronouns

Singular personal pronouns
Abstract Inanimate Animate
Unspecified Sex
Masculine Femenine
Zero person Lo - - - -
First person - - Ale Alœ Alæ
Second person - - Bale Balœ Balæ
Third person Calo Cali Cale Calœ Calæ
Fourth person - - Dale - -
Dual personal pronouns
Abstract Inanimate Animate
First person - - Alele
Second person - - Balele
Third person Calolo Calili Calele

Morphology

Grammatical Cases

Case (particle) Usage Sol·eя English
Nominative (·aя) agent
Accusative (·iя) patient
Dative (·uя) recipient
Genitive (·eя) relationship, possession
Benefactive (·oя) beneficiary
Instrumental (·ax) instrument
Privative (·ix) lacking something
Essive-Modal (·ux) manner of doing something
Commitative (·ex) accompanied by sth/sb
Causal-final (·ox) efficient or final cause
Ablative (·af) movement away from something
Lative (·if) movement to something
Locative (·uf) location
Partitive (·ef) used for amounts
Temporal (·of) specifying a time


Syntax

€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€

Retrieved from "https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Solerian&oldid=5254"