Chlouvānem: Difference between revisions

Line 117:

* The glottal stop remains unchanged;

* All other consonants get a /j/ glide (written '''y''').

=====Internal saṃdhi=====

''Note:'' for simplicity, '''ь''' will be treated as a stand-alone consonant in all the following examples.

Among ''stops'', '''c''' changes to '''k''' before '''t''' (e.g. ''muc-tāma'' → ''muktāma'').

'''h''', wherever it is followed by a consonant (apart from '''ь'''), disappears, leaving its trace as breathy-voiced phonation on the preceding vowel (e.g. ''maih-leilė''' → ''mąileilė''). Vowels change as such:

* '''i''', '''ī''' → '''į'''

* '''u''', '''ū''' → '''ų'''

* '''e''', '''ė''', '''æ''', '''ea''' > '''ę'''

* all other monophthongs, or '''oe''' > '''ą'''

* '''ai''', '''ei''', '''au''' > '''ąi''', '''ęi''', '''ąu''' respectively.

Sibilants trigger various different changes:

* Among themselves, '''-s s-''' remains '''ss''' (but simplified to '''s''' if the latter is followed by a consonant other than ''y'' or ''ь''), but any other combination becomes '''kṣ''' (e.g. ''naš-sārah'' → ''nakṣārah'').

* '''ṣ''', if followed by a dental stop, turns it into '''ṭ''' or '''ṭh''' according to aspiration (e.g. ''paṣ-dhokam'' → ''paṣṭhokam'').

* '''s''' or '''š''' plus any voiced stop, or '''ṣ''' followed by any non-dental voiced stop, disappear but synchronically lengthen the previous vowel (e.g. ''kus-drāltake'' → ''kūdrāltake'').

* Dental stops followed by '''s''' become the corresponding affricate (e.g. ''prāt-skaglas'' → ''prāçkaglas''), while when followed by '''ṣ''' or '''š''' the result is a palatal affricate (e.g. ''prāt-ṣveya'' → ''prācveya'').

=====Doubling saṃdhi=====

In a few cases of consonant doubling, there are irregular results:

In a few cases of consonant doubling due to saṃdhi, there are irregular results:

* ''-y y-'' → '''-jñ-'''

* ''-v v-'' → '''-gv-'''

* any doubled voiced stop → homorganic nasal + voiced stop (e.g. ''-b b-'' → ''-mb-'')

* any doubled voiced stop (also due to assimilation of other stops) → homorganic nasal + voiced stop (e.g. ''-b b-'' → ''-mb-'')

==Writing system - Jīmalāṇa==

@@ Line 117: / Line 117: @@
 * The glottal stop remains unchanged;
 * All other consonants get a /j/ glide (written '''y''').
+=====Internal saṃdhi=====
+''Note:'' for simplicity, '''ь''' will be treated as a stand-alone consonant in all the following examples.
+Among ''stops'', '''c''' changes to '''k''' before '''t''' (e.g. ''muc-tāma'' → ''muktāma'').
+'''h''', wherever it is followed by a consonant (apart from '''ь'''), disappears, leaving its trace as breathy-voiced phonation on the preceding vowel (e.g. ''maih-leilė''' → ''mąileilė''). Vowels change as such:
+* '''i''', '''ī''' → '''į'''
+* '''u''', '''ū''' → '''ų'''
+* '''e''', '''ė''', '''æ''', '''ea''' > '''ę'''
+* all other monophthongs, or '''oe''' > '''ą'''
+* '''ai''', '''ei''', '''au''' > '''ąi''', '''ęi''', '''ąu''' respectively.
+Sibilants trigger various different changes:
+* Among themselves, '''-s s-''' remains '''ss''' (but simplified to '''s''' if the latter is followed by a consonant other than ''y'' or ''ь''), but any other combination becomes '''kṣ''' (e.g. ''naš-sārah'' → ''nakṣārah'').
+* '''ṣ''', if followed by a dental stop, turns it into '''ṭ''' or '''ṭh''' according to aspiration (e.g. ''paṣ-dhokam'' → ''paṣṭhokam'').
+* '''s''' or '''š''' plus any voiced stop, or '''ṣ''' followed by any non-dental voiced stop, disappear but synchronically lengthen the previous vowel (e.g. ''kus-drāltake'' → ''kūdrāltake'').
+* Dental stops followed by '''s'''  become the corresponding affricate (e.g. ''prāt-skaglas'' → ''prāçkaglas''), while when followed by '''ṣ''' or '''š''' the result is a palatal affricate (e.g. ''prāt-ṣveya'' → ''prācveya'').
 =====Doubling saṃdhi=====
-In a few cases of consonant doubling, there are irregular results:
+In a few cases of consonant doubling due to saṃdhi, there are irregular results:
 * ''-y y-'' → '''-jñ-'''
 * ''-v v-'' → '''-gv-'''
-* any doubled voiced stop → homorganic nasal + voiced stop (e.g. ''-b b-'' → ''-mb-'')
+* any doubled voiced stop (also due to assimilation of other stops) → homorganic nasal + voiced stop (e.g. ''-b b-'' → ''-mb-'')
 ==Writing system - Jīmalāṇa==