Chlouvānem: Difference between revisions

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The root ''męlь-'' (to give) is a good example for this: from the basic verb ''męlike'' we can find derivations such as ''primęlike'' (to give back <small>(exterior)</small>, to return <small>(interior)</small>), ''maimęlike'' (to prepare), ''āmmęlike'' (to dedicate oneself (mentally) to), ''namęlike'' (to dedicate oneself (physically) to), or ''šumęlike'' (to renounce). An inceptive/terminative pair is ''pugle'' (to sleep) → ''nampugle'' (to fall asleep) and ''kaupugle'' (to wake up).

=====Positions without positional verbs=====

Positional prefixes may be used to express positions without position verbs. There are three possible strategies.

The morphologically easiest is to simply attach the positional prefix in front of the verb and express that position with the locative, so for example we have:

: ''lilea domane naçayašu'' "I read in my room".

: ''lilea domane naçakilmui'' "we talk in my room".

However, while always correct, there may be some ambiguities because of the use of positional prefixes as derivational ones: the latter example shows one of these ambiguities, as ''nakulke'' means both "to talk (in somewhere)" and "to begin to talk/speak". Another strategy, correct but more proper in formal writings than in speech, is to use the appropriate positional verb as a homofocal adverbial. This has the advantage of showing the type of position:

: ''lilea domane nañūllie yašuça'' "I read while laying in my room" (note that "to lay in one's room" idiomatically means "to lay on the bed").

: ''lilea domane navāsklie kilmuiça'' "we talk while sitting in my room".

The third, and most colloquial strategy, is to put the position as the derived noun (in ''-timas'' / ''-vāskas'' / ''-ūlgas'') in the locative and the location in the genitive:

: ''liliai domani nañūlge yašuça'' "I read while laying in my room" (lit. "in a sitting position in the inside of my room").

: ''liliai domani navāske kilmuiça'' "we talk while sitting in my room".

Note that some locations are often expressed with the last one anyway, especially if they're idiomatic — a notable example being ''yųljavyī mūtime/mūvāske'' "standing/sitting in the kitchen", as ''yųljavyāh'' originally meant "fire for [cooking] food" and while it later was extended to "kitchen" the location is still expressed as such ("in the kitchen" = "near the fire").

====Motion verbs - Duldaradhūvī====

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 The root ''męlь-'' (to give) is a good example for this: from the basic verb ''męlike'' we can find derivations such as ''primęlike'' (to give back <small>(exterior)</small>, to return <small>(interior)</small>), ''maimęlike'' (to prepare), ''āmmęlike'' (to dedicate oneself (mentally) to), ''namęlike'' (to dedicate oneself (physically) to), or ''šumęlike'' (to renounce). An inceptive/terminative pair is ''pugle'' (to sleep) → ''nampugle'' (to fall asleep) and ''kaupugle'' (to wake up).
+=====Positions without positional verbs=====
+Positional prefixes may be used to express positions without position verbs. There are three possible strategies.
+The morphologically easiest is to simply attach the positional prefix in front of the verb and express that position with the locative, so for example we have:
+: ''lilea domane naçayašu'' "I read in my room".
+: ''lilea domane naçakilmui'' "we talk in my room".
+However, while always correct, there may be some ambiguities because of the use of positional prefixes as derivational ones: the latter example shows one of these ambiguities, as ''nakulke'' means both "to talk (in somewhere)" and "to begin to talk/speak". Another strategy, correct but more proper in formal writings than in speech, is to use the appropriate positional verb as a homofocal adverbial. This has the advantage of showing the type of position:
+: ''lilea domane nañūllie yašuça'' "I read while laying in my room" (note that "to lay in one's room" idiomatically means "to lay on the bed").
+: ''lilea domane navāsklie kilmuiça'' "we talk while sitting in my room".
+The third, and most colloquial strategy, is to put the position as the derived noun (in ''-timas'' / ''-vāskas'' / ''-ūlgas'') in the locative and the location in the genitive:
+: ''liliai domani nañūlge yašuça'' "I read while laying in my room" (lit. "in a sitting position in the inside of my room").
+: ''liliai domani navāske kilmuiça'' "we talk while sitting in my room".
+Note that some locations are often expressed with the last one anyway, especially if they're idiomatic — a notable example being ''yųljavyī mūtime/mūvāske'' "standing/sitting in the kitchen", as ''yųljavyāh'' originally meant "fire for [cooking] food" and while it later was extended to "kitchen" the location is still expressed as such ("in the kitchen" = "near the fire").
 ====Motion verbs - Duldaradhūvī====