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*''Taș ămpaw e łen fĭ ădoac!'' = Don't you leave the room! | *''Taș ămpaw e łen fĭ ădoac!'' = Don't you leave the room! | ||
==== Verbs of motion ==== | ==== Verbs of motion ==== | ||
Modern Windermere does not have exact equivalents for the English verbs "go", "carry", or "bring". Windermere motion verbs vary along two dimensions: one dimension is the method or direction of transport and one dimension is the telicity of the verb. Unidirectional, or telic, motion verbs express one-time motion towards a destination. Multidirectional, or atelic, verbs express undirected motion, repeated directed motion, or back-and-forth motion. The directionality is usually expressed by an infix or prefix, but is sometimes expressed through suppletion. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! Meaning !! Unidirectional verb !! Multidirectional verb | |||
|- | |||
| to go by foot, to walk | |||
| ''mur'' (Binyan 2) || ''voččal'' (Binyan 7) | |||
|- | |||
| to go with a land vehicle<small> | |||
| ''dalum'' (Binyan 2) || ''dollam'' (Binyan 7) | |||
|- | |||
| to ride, to mount <small>(trans.)</small> | |||
| ''qapcea'' (Binyan 4) || ''pecea'' (Binyan 1) | |||
|- | |||
| to go in | |||
| ''xapun'' (Binyan 2) || ''xoppan'' (Binyan 7) | |||
|- | |||
| to go out | |||
| ''paduš'' (Binyan 2) || ''poddaš'' (Binyan 7) | |||
|- | |||
| to rise (of heavenly bodies and other inanimate beings)<br/>to take off (of flying creatures or vehicles) | |||
| ''ganea'' (Binyan 2) || ''gonnea'' (Binyan 7) | |||
|- | |||
| to set (of heavenly bodies)<br/>to fall (of precipitation) | |||
| ''šabud'' (Binyan 2) || ''šobbad'' (Binyan 7) | |||
|- | |||
| to run | |||
| ''qagiž'' (Binyan 4) || ''govvaž'' (Binyan 7) | |||
|- | |||
| to swim | |||
| ''narub'' (Binyan 2) || ''nerab'' (Binyan 1) | |||
|- | |||
| to fly | |||
| ''kall'' (Binyan 2) || ''kollal'' (Binyan 7) | |||
|- | |||
| to float on water<br/>to go with a small boat, to row | |||
| ''qivvahar'' (Binyan 6) || ''qyvahir'' (Binyan 4) | |||
|- | |||
| to flow (of a fluid or current) | |||
| ''beral'' (Binyan 1) || ''borral'' (Binyan 7) | |||
|- | |||
| to roll | |||
| ''mall'' (Binyan 2) || ''mollal'' (Binyan 7) | |||
|- | |||
| to climb | |||
| ''ďexuč'' (Binyan 2) || ''qyďxič'' (Binyan 3) | |||
|- | |||
| to jump | |||
| ''bacc'' (Binyan 2) || ''boccac'' (Binyan 7) | |||
|- | |||
| to crawl | |||
| ''zarzur'' (Binyan 2Q) || ''zorzar'' (Binyan 7) | |||
|- | |||
| to fall (of animates)<br/>to go down (of inanimates) | |||
| ''namea'' (Binyan 2) || ''nommea'' (Binyan 7) | |||
|- | |||
| to dive, go into water | |||
| ''sadea'' (Binyan 2) || ''soddea'' (Binyan 7) | |||
|- | |||
| to carry, bring (on foot) | |||
| ''pasun'' (Binyan 2) || ''qypasin'' (Binyan 4) | |||
|- | |||
| to carry, bring (using a vehicle) <small>(trans.)</small> | |||
| ''qiddalam'' (Binyan 6) || ''qydalim'' (Binyan 5) | |||
|- | |||
| to carry, bring in | |||
| ''qixxapin'' (Binyan 6) || ''qyxapin'' (Binyan 5) | |||
|- | |||
| to carry, bring out | |||
| ''qippadaš'' (Binyan 6) || ''qypadiš'' (Binyan 5) | |||
|- | |||
| to pull, drag <small>(trans.)</small> | |||
| ''kačun'' (Binyan 2) || ''qykačin'' (Binyan 4) | |||
|- | |||
| to drive (an animal or a vehicle), lead | |||
| ''paťur'' (Binyan 2) || ''poťťar'' (Binyan 7) | |||
|} | |||
===Adjectives=== | ===Adjectives=== | ||