Lifashian: Difference between revisions
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Peculiar of Lifashian vowels is ''hamzá'' ({{IPA|/ˈhæŋzɑː/}}, also written as ''hangzá'' according to pronunciation), a phenomenon referred to with the Arabic word for a similar-sounding but unrelated phoneme. Lifashian ''hamzá'' is in fact closer to Danish stød or the Latvian broken tone, and its origins reach back to Proto-Indo-European, reflecting an original *h₁ in some positions. Hamza is not represented orthographically. | Peculiar of Lifashian vowels is ''hamzá'' ({{IPA|/ˈhæŋzɑː/}}, also written as ''hangzá'' according to pronunciation), a phenomenon referred to with the Arabic word for a similar-sounding but unrelated phoneme. Lifashian ''hamzá'' is in fact closer to Danish stød or the Latvian broken tone, and its origins reach back to Proto-Indo-European, reflecting an original *h₁ in some positions. Hamza is not represented orthographically. | ||
Hamza may occur on any vowel, either long or short, as long as it is stressed (either primarily or in compounds)<ref>Some extremely conservative inland dialects have hamza on unstressed vowels too.</ref>. Hamza on short vowels is always realized as creaky voice or pharyngealization, while hamza on long vowels, for many speakers, is phonetically closer to a broken tone, with a full glottal stop interrupting the sound, before a short echo of the vowel: | Hamza may occur on any vowel, either long or short, as long as it is stressed (either primarily or in compounds)<ref>Some extremely conservative inland dialects have hamza on unstressed vowels too; in the standard, it sometimes occurs in careful speech in some prefixes and words derived from those, such as ''efter'' "higher" /eˤfˈter/, from the prefix ''eˤp-''.</ref>. Hamza on short vowels is always realized as creaky voice or pharyngealization, while hamza on long vowels, for many speakers, is phonetically closer to a broken tone, with a full glottal stop interrupting the sound, before a short echo of the vowel: | ||
* ''elemi'' "I eat" {{IPA|/ˈeˤlemi/}} {{IPA|[ˈeˤlemi]}} | * ''elemi'' "I eat" {{IPA|/ˈeˤlemi/}} {{IPA|[ˈeˤlemi]}} | ||
* ''élaha'' "I ate" {{IPA|/ˈeːˤlæhæ/}} {{IPA|[ˈeɁĕlæhæ]}} | * ''élaha'' "I ate" {{IPA|/ˈeːˤlæhæ/}} {{IPA|[ˈeɁĕlæhæ]}} | ||