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====Negation and Interrogation==== | ====Negation and Interrogation==== | ||
Negation of verbs is ordinarily accomplished using the word '' | Negation of verbs is ordinarily accomplished using the word ''newn'' "not" (which can be abbreviated as <i>'n</i>). | ||
Negation and interrogation use the conjugated helping verb ''at fay'' "to do" followed by the bare infinitive. This construction can also be used in positive sentences for emphasis. Examples: | Negation and interrogation use the conjugated helping verb ''at fay'' "to do" followed by the bare infinitive. This construction can also be used in positive sentences for emphasis. Examples: | ||
*''You cant.'' "I sing." > ''You fay | *''You cant.'' "I sing." > ''You fay newn cant.'' "I do not sing." / ''You fay'n cant.'' "I don't sing." | ||
*''Ill dorms.'' "He sleeps." > ''Fays ill dorm?'' "Does he sleep?" | *''Ill dorms.'' "He sleeps." > ''Fays ill dorm?'' "Does he sleep?" | ||
*''Ell manges.'' "She eats." > ''Keeth fays ell mange?'' "What does she eat?" | *''Ell manges.'' "She eats." > ''Keeth fays ell mange?'' "What does she eat?" | ||
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Modal verbs do not use the helping verb. Examples: | Modal verbs do not use the helping verb. Examples: | ||
*You pote | *You pote newn dorm.'' "I cannot sleep." / ''You pote'n dorm.'' "I can't sleep." | ||
*''Deve ill mange?'' "Must he eat?" | *''Deve ill mange?'' "Must he eat?" | ||
Archaically, non-modal verbs can likewise form their negation and interrogation without the helping verb. Examples: | Archaically, non-modal verbs can likewise form their negation and interrogation without the helping verb. Examples: | ||
*''You cant | *''You cant newn.'' "I sing not." | ||
*''Dorms ill?'' "Sleeps he?" | *''Dorms ill?'' "Sleeps he?" | ||
*''Keeth manges ell?'' "What eats she?" | *''Keeth manges ell?'' "What eats she?" | ||