Aethêllan: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
(→Syntax: Spelling) |
(Formalities: Headers, spelling, punctuation.) |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
Gwythyr is one of my main conlangs and was created out of joy, as linguistic experiment, and also to be the main classical language for my series of Fantasy novels. Gwythyr is spoken by the dominant species of Anmarla and has an approximately 15 million speakers. At the time of my main novel series, the language and its native speakers are extinct, however Gwythyr is used as the language of academics, state and religious ceremonies, and record/document keeping. However only the upper classes can read and speak it and even then only a minority of the upper classes. The seven languages of the nine different kingdoms during this time are all descended from Gwythyr. Gwythyr is in turn descended from Vamynouyynem. | '''Gwythyr''' is one of my main conlangs and was created out of joy, as linguistic experiment, and also to be the main classical language for my series of Fantasy novels. Gwythyr is spoken by the dominant species of Anmarla and has an approximately 15 million speakers. At the time of my main novel series, the language and its native speakers are extinct, however Gwythyr is used as the language of academics, state and religious ceremonies, and record/document keeping. However only the upper classes can read and speak it and even then only a minority of the upper classes. The seven languages of the nine different kingdoms during this time are all descended from Gwythyr. Gwythyr is in turn descended from Vamynouyynem. | ||
This is a work of love and I ask any readers that, outside of any accidental grammatical mistakes, that they do not make any edits, however minor, without my permission and that this work is protected by copyright. Your understanding is greatly appreciated. | This is a work of love and I ask any readers that, outside of any accidental grammatical mistakes, that they do not make any edits, however minor, without my permission and that this work is protected by copyright. Your understanding is greatly appreciated. | ||
==Background== | ==Background== | ||
Gwyhtyr is an SVO synthetic-agglutinative language. The majority of information is placed on the nouns and verbs, and though it is an SVO language technically speaking it does allow for free word order. | Gwyhtyr is an SVO synthetic-agglutinative language. The majority of information is placed on the nouns and verbs, and though it is an SVO language technically speaking it does allow for free word order. | ||
==Phonology== | |||
=Phonology= | ===Romanisation=== | ||
==Romanisation== | |||
{| {{style|center}} | {| {{style|center}} | ||
!scope="col" colspan=2 width="100px" | | !scope="col" colspan=2 width="100px" | | ||
| Line 81: | Line 77: | ||
|} | |} | ||
==Mutations== | ===Mutations=== | ||
#Both Approximants and Lateral Approximants are de-voiced before nasals. | #Both Approximants and Lateral Approximants are de-voiced before nasals. | ||
#Final Obstruent Devoicing. | #Final Obstruent Devoicing. | ||
| Line 89: | Line 84: | ||
#/h/ becomes /x/ at the end of a word. | #/h/ becomes /x/ at the end of a word. | ||
==Diphthongs== | ===Diphthongs=== | ||
{| {{style|center}} | {| {{style|center}} | ||
! Diphthong | ! Diphthong | ||
| Line 109: | Line 104: | ||
|'''aɪ''' | |'''aɪ''' | ||
|} | |} | ||
==Vowels== | ==Vowels== | ||
| Line 149: | Line 143: | ||
|} | |} | ||
==Grammar and syntax== | |||
=Grammar | ===Syntax=== | ||
==Syntax== | |||
Independent Clauses are SVO, whilst Dependent and Relative Clauses are SOV. | Independent Clauses are SVO, whilst Dependent and Relative Clauses are SOV. | ||
==Stress== | ===Stress=== | ||
Gwythyr differs from languages such as English in that every vowel is pronounced fully and with clear distinction. The language does however place stress on the last syllable of a word, however this is not important as stress is considered to be in English and other such similar languages. Any long vowels; those with diacritics or diphthongs, are stressed as well as the last syllable. | Gwythyr differs from languages such as English in that every vowel is pronounced fully and with clear distinction. The language does however place stress on the last syllable of a word, however this is not important as stress is considered to be in English and other such similar languages. Any long vowels; those with diacritics or diphthongs, are stressed as well as the last syllable. | ||
*E.g ''donsênanwê'' where the stress is on both ''sên'' and ''wê''. | *E.g ''donsênanwê'' where the stress is on both ''sên'' and ''wê''. | ||
===Structure=== | |||
==Structure== | |||
All derivational affixes are prefixes, and all other affixes are suffixes excluding the adverbial marker which is an infix for historical linguistic reasons. | All derivational affixes are prefixes, and all other affixes are suffixes excluding the adverbial marker which is an infix for historical linguistic reasons. | ||
In regards to the order of the attaching of suffixes, case takes highest priority, followed by voice, aspect, then agreement, finally followed by any remaining suffixes. | In regards to the order of the attaching of suffixes, case takes highest priority, followed by voice, aspect, then agreement, finally followed by any remaining suffixes. | ||
*'''NB''' Adjectives cannot be inflected with comparative and the Gradable sufffix at the same time. | *'''NB''': Adjectives cannot be inflected with comparative and the Gradable sufffix at the same time. | ||
=Verbs= | ==Verbs== | ||
===Aspect & Tense=== | |||
==Aspect & Tense== | |||
Paradigm 1 | Paradigm 1 | ||
Example Word - '''Aedar''' to Rule, to Lead | Example Word - '''Aedar''' to Rule, to Lead | ||
| Line 221: | Line 209: | ||
|} | |} | ||
=Nouns= | ==Nouns== | ||
==Case and Class== | ===Case and Class=== | ||
In Gwythyr over time Case and Class/Gender have merged into one suffix. When Nouns take their Case and Class marker they now have a far more fusional method unlike its ancestor language Vamynouynem. | In Gwythyr over time Case and Class/Gender have merged into one suffix. When Nouns take their Case and Class marker they now have a far more fusional method unlike its ancestor language Vamynouynem. | ||
| Line 228: | Line 216: | ||
Paradigm 1 '''The Human Noun Class''' | Paradigm 1 '''The Human Noun Class''' | ||
=Personal Pronouns= | ==Personal Pronouns== | ||
{| {{style|center}} | {| {{style|center}} | ||
! colspan="5" |'''First Person''' | ! colspan="5" |'''First Person''' | ||
| Line 358: | Line 346: | ||
| colspan="2" |Falth (by Its) | | colspan="2" |Falth (by Its) | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Category:Languages]][[Category:Conlangs]][[Category:A priori]] | |||